MEASUREMENT AND SAMPLING FINAL PAPER
2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Strobe = guidelines for Answer: observational studies
◉ TREND = guidelines for Answer: non randomized trial
◉ the problem statement is a part of the ______ Answer: introduction,
discussed what is unknown
◉ what 2 things do research questions provide? Answer: provides
the focus to collect data needed to address problem statement
- provide guidance for selection of data and instruments
◉ Are research questions different for qualitative and quantitative?
Answer: yes
◉ What does a quantitative research question contain? Answer:
Each research question contains variables and has a matching
hypothesis and null hypothesis
, ◉ What is the alternative hypothesis? Answer: Research hypothesis
(there IS a relationship between variables) (stated as outcomes)
◉ what is the null hypothesis? Answer: null means zero. so a null
hypothesis states that two variables are not related.
◉ What 2 words to use for alternative + null hypothesis Answer:
statistically significant
◉ example of research question? Answer: Are there differences
among groups in terms of cell phone use while driving?
◉ what are variables? Answer: characteristics or conditions that
change or have different values for different individuals
◉ 2 types of variables involved in research? Answer: well-defined
and intangible
◉ What is a well-defined variable and example Answer: Easily
observed and easily measured, example is height and weight
◉ What is an intangible variable and example Answer: abstract
attributes; motivation or self-esteem; more complicated