Mastery Guide: Determinism, Empiricism, Pragmatism, Parsimony,
Philosophic Doubt, Behaviorism, Radical & Methodological
Behaviorism, Mentalism, Hypothetical Constructs, Explanatory Fiction,
Functional Relations, Independent & Dependent Variables,
Confounding & Extraneous Variables, Experimental Control, Internal &
External Validity, Replication, Selectionism, Phylogeny, Ontogeny,
Science, Experimentation, Cause-and-Effect Analysis, Applied Behavior
Analysis (ABA), Clinical Intervention, Observation, Data Analysis, and
Evidence-Based Research Methods Exam Questions Verified and
Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
The Psychologist has been working with a client/patient for a year. The Psychologist is helping
the client understand cause and effect of his behaviors and to better understand that the world
operates by lawfulness that is orderly and predictable. What theory is this?
Determinism
The Therapist keeps the same colored shirt on during each condition to keep this ________
__________ constant.
Extraneous Variable
, The __________ _________ denies the existence of "inner" events or considers them outside
the realm of science.
Methodological behaviorism
The researcher systematically manipulated the variable.
Independent variable
The researcher said that cognitive processes were the cause and function of the observable
behavior. This is __________.
Mentalism
The reason why the comedian is funny is because the comedian thinks very quickly. This isn't
observable and is a ________ __________.
Hypothetical construct
Cuddles only growls at Grover when she has food in a bowl and Grover is near Cuddles' food
bowl. The fact that growling behavior occurs at a higher rate in this condition compared to
others indicated that there is a __________ ____________.
Functional relation
The Professor said that we can only understand 1+1=2 because we've seen it in action
throughout our lives. What theory is the Professor speaking of?
Empiricism