Pharm Exam 2 ( Arrythmias, Dyslipidemia, HTN,
anticoags) – Questions & Expert Answers
Save
Terms in this set (245)
what part of the heart sets the HR the SA NODE
fastest
Myocytes muscle tissue (actual muscle tissue)-- movement of
NA+
cardiac tissue has how many phases? 4 phases
what electrolyte drives this? NA+
pacemaker (SA/AV node) has how 3 (phase 0, 3 and 4)
many phases? what electrolyte drives CA+
this?
Conditions Causing Cardiac • Myocardial ischemia; chronic HF
Arrhythmias • Hypertension; valvular heart disease
• Hypoxemia
• Thyroid abnormalities
• Electrolyte disturbances; drug toxicity
• Excessive caffeine or ethanol ingestion
• Anxiety; exercise
Causes of Tachyarrhythmias • Abnormal automaticity (spontaneous firing)
• Triggered activity (exercise induced)
• Abnormal Reentry (continuous fire)
What is the most common type of A FIB!!!!!
ventricular arrhythmia
leads to clots
,what is the most dangerous heart Mobitz type 3
block you can have?
Torsades de pointes (a rapid form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
associated with a long QT interval)-- leads to death
Goals and Outcomes of Relieve the acute episode of irregular rhythm;
Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy establish sinus rhythm (SR); prevent further
episodes of the arrhythmia
Classification of antiarrhythmic drugs LOOK AT PIC
why do we use metoprolol or in decrease HR - convert to SR-- RATE CONTROL
patients w a fib
why do we use amiodarone or in RHYTHM CONTROL
patients w a fib
Class 0: HCN Modulators what is the Ivabradine CORLANOR
drug name
where in the conduction system does on the sa node blocking the HCN channel inhibiting
Ivabradine CORLANOR work? the hr
,Class 0-Ivabradine what do we use we use it in HEART FAILURE in combo with a beta
this drug for and what does it do blocker if the beta blocker does not get the HR
below 70 bpm
stable, symptomatic chronic heart failure with left
ventricular
ejection fraction ≤ 35%, who are in sinus rhythm with
resting heart rate ≥ 70 beats per
minute and either are on maximally tolerated doses
of beta-blockers or have a
contraindication to beta-blocker use.
Class I-Sodium Channel Blockers BLOCK NA to decrease arrhythmia!
• Ia (intermediate onset/offset)
- Disopyramide; procainamide; quinidine
• Ib (fast onset/offset)
- Lidocaine; mexiletine
• Ic (slow onset/offset)
- Flecainide; propafenone
Class Ia-Sodium Channel Blockers: Disopyramide; procainamide;
(intermediate onset/offset)
Class Ib-Sodium Channel Blockers: LIDOCAINE
(fast onset/offset)
Class Ic-Sodium Channel Blockers: propafenone
(slow onset/offset)
, in what scenarios do we use lidocane Pulseless VT/VF
Stable VT (with a pulse)
why is very little lidocaine toxic? at Neurotoxic at >5mcg/mL
what level? * it has an affinity for ventricular tissue that has been
damages
"SAMS" Slurred or difficult speech
Altered central nervous system
Muscle twitching (tremor)
Seizures
whos is at risk for "SAMS" elderly
Class II-β-Blockers examples • Esmolol
• Metoprolol
• Propranolol
*they decrease mortality!
non selective vs selective beta Non selective:
blockers Beta 1 (lungs)
Beta 2 (heart)
Selective:
Only affect beta 1 receptors
example of a non selective beta Propanolol
blocker
example of a selective beta blocker metoprolol
anticoags) – Questions & Expert Answers
Save
Terms in this set (245)
what part of the heart sets the HR the SA NODE
fastest
Myocytes muscle tissue (actual muscle tissue)-- movement of
NA+
cardiac tissue has how many phases? 4 phases
what electrolyte drives this? NA+
pacemaker (SA/AV node) has how 3 (phase 0, 3 and 4)
many phases? what electrolyte drives CA+
this?
Conditions Causing Cardiac • Myocardial ischemia; chronic HF
Arrhythmias • Hypertension; valvular heart disease
• Hypoxemia
• Thyroid abnormalities
• Electrolyte disturbances; drug toxicity
• Excessive caffeine or ethanol ingestion
• Anxiety; exercise
Causes of Tachyarrhythmias • Abnormal automaticity (spontaneous firing)
• Triggered activity (exercise induced)
• Abnormal Reentry (continuous fire)
What is the most common type of A FIB!!!!!
ventricular arrhythmia
leads to clots
,what is the most dangerous heart Mobitz type 3
block you can have?
Torsades de pointes (a rapid form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
associated with a long QT interval)-- leads to death
Goals and Outcomes of Relieve the acute episode of irregular rhythm;
Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy establish sinus rhythm (SR); prevent further
episodes of the arrhythmia
Classification of antiarrhythmic drugs LOOK AT PIC
why do we use metoprolol or in decrease HR - convert to SR-- RATE CONTROL
patients w a fib
why do we use amiodarone or in RHYTHM CONTROL
patients w a fib
Class 0: HCN Modulators what is the Ivabradine CORLANOR
drug name
where in the conduction system does on the sa node blocking the HCN channel inhibiting
Ivabradine CORLANOR work? the hr
,Class 0-Ivabradine what do we use we use it in HEART FAILURE in combo with a beta
this drug for and what does it do blocker if the beta blocker does not get the HR
below 70 bpm
stable, symptomatic chronic heart failure with left
ventricular
ejection fraction ≤ 35%, who are in sinus rhythm with
resting heart rate ≥ 70 beats per
minute and either are on maximally tolerated doses
of beta-blockers or have a
contraindication to beta-blocker use.
Class I-Sodium Channel Blockers BLOCK NA to decrease arrhythmia!
• Ia (intermediate onset/offset)
- Disopyramide; procainamide; quinidine
• Ib (fast onset/offset)
- Lidocaine; mexiletine
• Ic (slow onset/offset)
- Flecainide; propafenone
Class Ia-Sodium Channel Blockers: Disopyramide; procainamide;
(intermediate onset/offset)
Class Ib-Sodium Channel Blockers: LIDOCAINE
(fast onset/offset)
Class Ic-Sodium Channel Blockers: propafenone
(slow onset/offset)
, in what scenarios do we use lidocane Pulseless VT/VF
Stable VT (with a pulse)
why is very little lidocaine toxic? at Neurotoxic at >5mcg/mL
what level? * it has an affinity for ventricular tissue that has been
damages
"SAMS" Slurred or difficult speech
Altered central nervous system
Muscle twitching (tremor)
Seizures
whos is at risk for "SAMS" elderly
Class II-β-Blockers examples • Esmolol
• Metoprolol
• Propranolol
*they decrease mortality!
non selective vs selective beta Non selective:
blockers Beta 1 (lungs)
Beta 2 (heart)
Selective:
Only affect beta 1 receptors
example of a non selective beta Propanolol
blocker
example of a selective beta blocker metoprolol
