VATI GREENLIGHT 2026 EXAM: COMPREHENSIVE NCLEX-RN
QUESTION BANK COMPLETE REVIEW WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS & EXPANDED CONTENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Fundamentals of Nursing
2. Medical-Surgical Nursing
3. Pharmacology
4. Mental Health Nursing
5. Maternal-Newborn Nursing
6. Pediatric Nursing
7. Leadership & Management
8. Emergency & Disaster Nursing
9. Prioritization & Delegation
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and reports difficulty
limiting sodium in his diet. Which of the following recommendations should the
nurse provide?
A. Use canned soups instead of homemade
B. Add salt during cooking rather than at the table
C. Replace bottled salad dressing with homemade vinegar and oil dressing
D. Choose processed meats over fresh poultry
,ANSWER: C - Homemade vinegar and oil dressing contains significantly less
sodium than bottled dressings. Canned soups and processed meats are high in
sodium. Adding salt during cooking still increases sodium content.
2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a
mammogram. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in
the teaching?
A. Schedule the test during the week of menstruation
B. Refrain from using deodorant on the morning of the test
C. Avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours prior to the test
D. Take a mild analgesic 1 hour before the procedure
ANSWER: B - Deodorants, antiperspirants, powders, and lotions can contain
particles that may appear as calcifications on the mammogram image. The test
should be scheduled after menstruation when breasts are less tender. No fasting is
required. Analgesics are not routinely needed.
3. A nurse is preparing a client's insulin regimen. Which of the following insulins
can be mixed?
A. Insulin detemir
B. Insulin glargine
C. Insulin aspart, regular insulin, insulin lispro
D. Insulin degludec
ANSWER: C - Insulin aspart, regular insulin, and insulin lispro can be mixed with
each other or with NPH. Insulin glargine (Lantus) and insulin detemir (Levemir)
should NOT be mixed with any other insulin. Insulin degludec (Tresiba) should not
be mixed.
,4. A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to a 6-month-old infant
who is crying. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce
the risk of aspiration?
A. Administer using a needleless syringe in the buccal cavity
B. Hold the infant supine and pour slowly
C. Mix the medication with a full bottle of formula
D. Administer while the infant is lying flat
ANSWER: A - Administering medication slowly into the buccal cavity (between
gum and cheek) using a needleless syringe allows the infant to swallow safely and
reduces aspiration risk. The infant should be in an upright or semi-reclined
position, not supine. Medications should not be mixed with full bottles as the
infant may not consume the entire feeding.
5. A nurse is preparing to catheterize a client's bladder to check for residual
urine. The nurse should schedule this procedure at which of the following
times?
A. Immediately before the client voids
B. Right after the client voids
C. First thing in the morning
D. Immediately after a meal
ANSWER: B - Residual urine is measured by catheterizing the bladder immediately
after the client voids to determine how much urine remains in the bladder.
Normal residual volume is less than 50-100 mL.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client. To reduce the
risk of a needlestick injury, the nurse should take which of the following actions?
A. Recap the needle using a one-handed scoop technique
B. Dispose of the used needle immediately in a puncture-proof sharps container
, C. Remove the needle from the syringe before disposal
D. Bend the needle before discarding
ANSWER: B - Used needles should be disposed of immediately in a puncture-
proof sharps container without recapping, bending, or breaking. The one-handed
scoop technique is only used when recapping is unavoidable (rare). Needles
should not be removed from syringes before disposal.
7. A nurse is removing a female client's indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Cut the catheter near the inflation port
B. Withdraw the fluid from the catheter's balloon
C. Ask the client to bear down during removal
D. Remove the catheter while the balloon is still inflated
ANSWER: B - The nurse must first withdraw the fluid from the balloon using a
syringe before gently removing the catheter. Cutting the catheter or removing
with balloon inflated can cause trauma. Bearing down may help but is not the
primary action.
8. A nurse is applying a condom catheter to a male client who is incontinent.
Which of the following is an appropriate technique to use?
A. Apply tape directly to the penis to secure the catheter
B. Leave space between the tip of the penis and the end of the condom catheter
C. Pull the pubic hair before applying the catheter
D. Apply the catheter with the penis in a dependent position
ANSWER: B - Leaving 2.5-5 cm (1-2 inches) of space between the tip of the penis
and the end of the condom catheter prevents irritation and allows for urine flow.
Tape should never be applied directly to skin. Pubic hair should be trimmed, not
pulled. The penis should be held in a neutral position.
QUESTION BANK COMPLETE REVIEW WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS & EXPANDED CONTENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Fundamentals of Nursing
2. Medical-Surgical Nursing
3. Pharmacology
4. Mental Health Nursing
5. Maternal-Newborn Nursing
6. Pediatric Nursing
7. Leadership & Management
8. Emergency & Disaster Nursing
9. Prioritization & Delegation
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and reports difficulty
limiting sodium in his diet. Which of the following recommendations should the
nurse provide?
A. Use canned soups instead of homemade
B. Add salt during cooking rather than at the table
C. Replace bottled salad dressing with homemade vinegar and oil dressing
D. Choose processed meats over fresh poultry
,ANSWER: C - Homemade vinegar and oil dressing contains significantly less
sodium than bottled dressings. Canned soups and processed meats are high in
sodium. Adding salt during cooking still increases sodium content.
2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a
mammogram. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in
the teaching?
A. Schedule the test during the week of menstruation
B. Refrain from using deodorant on the morning of the test
C. Avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours prior to the test
D. Take a mild analgesic 1 hour before the procedure
ANSWER: B - Deodorants, antiperspirants, powders, and lotions can contain
particles that may appear as calcifications on the mammogram image. The test
should be scheduled after menstruation when breasts are less tender. No fasting is
required. Analgesics are not routinely needed.
3. A nurse is preparing a client's insulin regimen. Which of the following insulins
can be mixed?
A. Insulin detemir
B. Insulin glargine
C. Insulin aspart, regular insulin, insulin lispro
D. Insulin degludec
ANSWER: C - Insulin aspart, regular insulin, and insulin lispro can be mixed with
each other or with NPH. Insulin glargine (Lantus) and insulin detemir (Levemir)
should NOT be mixed with any other insulin. Insulin degludec (Tresiba) should not
be mixed.
,4. A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to a 6-month-old infant
who is crying. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce
the risk of aspiration?
A. Administer using a needleless syringe in the buccal cavity
B. Hold the infant supine and pour slowly
C. Mix the medication with a full bottle of formula
D. Administer while the infant is lying flat
ANSWER: A - Administering medication slowly into the buccal cavity (between
gum and cheek) using a needleless syringe allows the infant to swallow safely and
reduces aspiration risk. The infant should be in an upright or semi-reclined
position, not supine. Medications should not be mixed with full bottles as the
infant may not consume the entire feeding.
5. A nurse is preparing to catheterize a client's bladder to check for residual
urine. The nurse should schedule this procedure at which of the following
times?
A. Immediately before the client voids
B. Right after the client voids
C. First thing in the morning
D. Immediately after a meal
ANSWER: B - Residual urine is measured by catheterizing the bladder immediately
after the client voids to determine how much urine remains in the bladder.
Normal residual volume is less than 50-100 mL.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client. To reduce the
risk of a needlestick injury, the nurse should take which of the following actions?
A. Recap the needle using a one-handed scoop technique
B. Dispose of the used needle immediately in a puncture-proof sharps container
, C. Remove the needle from the syringe before disposal
D. Bend the needle before discarding
ANSWER: B - Used needles should be disposed of immediately in a puncture-
proof sharps container without recapping, bending, or breaking. The one-handed
scoop technique is only used when recapping is unavoidable (rare). Needles
should not be removed from syringes before disposal.
7. A nurse is removing a female client's indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Cut the catheter near the inflation port
B. Withdraw the fluid from the catheter's balloon
C. Ask the client to bear down during removal
D. Remove the catheter while the balloon is still inflated
ANSWER: B - The nurse must first withdraw the fluid from the balloon using a
syringe before gently removing the catheter. Cutting the catheter or removing
with balloon inflated can cause trauma. Bearing down may help but is not the
primary action.
8. A nurse is applying a condom catheter to a male client who is incontinent.
Which of the following is an appropriate technique to use?
A. Apply tape directly to the penis to secure the catheter
B. Leave space between the tip of the penis and the end of the condom catheter
C. Pull the pubic hair before applying the catheter
D. Apply the catheter with the penis in a dependent position
ANSWER: B - Leaving 2.5-5 cm (1-2 inches) of space between the tip of the penis
and the end of the condom catheter prevents irritation and allows for urine flow.
Tape should never be applied directly to skin. Pubic hair should be trimmed, not
pulled. The penis should be held in a neutral position.
