CM 102 EXAM 1 (CH. 1-4) QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026
Ancient Times' influence on building - Answers Common materials first used were mud, wood, and
stone, which are still used today
Egypt and the Pyramids' influence on building - Answers Recorded the first building/business code
called the Code of Hammurabi and embraced the master builder practice
Greek Influence on building - Answers Developed the building trades concept, where people
specialized in certain areas of construction and began using marble and limestone
Roman Empire influence on building - Answers Began to use concrete, build domes/arches, build lots
of roads, and Pollio wrote the first design and construction handbook
Middle Ages influence on building - Answers Craft training and education became a major focus of
guilds (associations of artisans)
The Renaissance influence on building - Answers Leone Battista Alberti begins to question
effectiveness of master builder
Industrial Revolution influence on building - Answers Building as a science becomes a discipline, roles
of architecture/engineering/building become more defined, and people begin using cast iron/wrought
iron/machines for building
Skyscraper influence on building - Answers Production of steel and electricity take off and Portland
cement/reinforced concrete is invented
20th century influence on building - Answers Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) was formed
Age of Technology influence on building - Answers Development of Building Information Modeling
(BIM) and Virtual Design and Construction (VDC)
4 Primary Sectors of Construction Industry - Answers Residential, commercial, heavy civil, and
industrial
Residential - Answers Housing needs; low-tech in terms of materials and tools used; Designer can be
architect but not always; Mostly involves different kinds of wood
Commercial - Answers Needs of commerce/trade/gov.; uses special building processes; Designed by
architect w/consultants; Involves mostly steel, glass and concrete
Heavy Civil - Answers AKA horizontal construction; construction of roadways, bridges, dams, etc;
Designed by engineers; Mostly gov. funded
Industrial - Answers Designed by firms with vast resources/engineering expertise; Basic exterior
design; focus on installation of special equipment; mainly use steel, concrete, and reinforced concrete
masonry
Primary Players of Construction - Answers Owners, design professionals, construction professionals
Owner's role - Answers Develop program, define scope of work, create budget, and provide funding
Design professional's role - Answers Assist/advise owner in: developing program, appearance of
facility, selecting products, developing final building plans
Construction Professional's role - Answers Interpret plans/specs, create estimates, implement best
construction processes, and oversee/manage construction processes
Secondary Players - Answers 1st, 2nd, 3rd level players
1st-Level Players - Answers Subs, material suppliers, and equipment vendors; have direct influence
on outcome of job
2nd-Level Players - Answers Insurance/utilities/bonding companies, building code officials, zoning,
labor unions, and manufacturers; no contractual obligations to 3 main parties
3rd-level Players - Answers Legal system, local/state/fed gov., trade associations, education/training,
bankers, etc.; Does not regularly influence a project
Educational opportunities available/Agency responsible for promoting construction management at
university level - Answers AGC (Associated General Contractors) developed Construction Futures
Campaign to educate youngsters about construction; ASC (Associated Schools of Construction)
promotes construction management at university level
In the late 1970s, ____% of world's construction was in US, while in 1997, _____% was on foreign soil.
- Answers 80%, 80%
What is LEED? - Answers Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design; a building-ratings system
that evaluates the sustainability of buildings
Primary factors/values to be controlled/managed on a construction project - Answers For
construction Managers: Cost, time, quality, safety
For Owners/architects/engineers: Scope, function
Ancient Times' influence on building - Answers Common materials first used were mud, wood, and
stone, which are still used today
Egypt and the Pyramids' influence on building - Answers Recorded the first building/business code
called the Code of Hammurabi and embraced the master builder practice
Greek Influence on building - Answers Developed the building trades concept, where people
specialized in certain areas of construction and began using marble and limestone
Roman Empire influence on building - Answers Began to use concrete, build domes/arches, build lots
of roads, and Pollio wrote the first design and construction handbook
Middle Ages influence on building - Answers Craft training and education became a major focus of
guilds (associations of artisans)
The Renaissance influence on building - Answers Leone Battista Alberti begins to question
effectiveness of master builder
Industrial Revolution influence on building - Answers Building as a science becomes a discipline, roles
of architecture/engineering/building become more defined, and people begin using cast iron/wrought
iron/machines for building
Skyscraper influence on building - Answers Production of steel and electricity take off and Portland
cement/reinforced concrete is invented
20th century influence on building - Answers Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) was formed
Age of Technology influence on building - Answers Development of Building Information Modeling
(BIM) and Virtual Design and Construction (VDC)
4 Primary Sectors of Construction Industry - Answers Residential, commercial, heavy civil, and
industrial
Residential - Answers Housing needs; low-tech in terms of materials and tools used; Designer can be
architect but not always; Mostly involves different kinds of wood
Commercial - Answers Needs of commerce/trade/gov.; uses special building processes; Designed by
architect w/consultants; Involves mostly steel, glass and concrete
Heavy Civil - Answers AKA horizontal construction; construction of roadways, bridges, dams, etc;
Designed by engineers; Mostly gov. funded
Industrial - Answers Designed by firms with vast resources/engineering expertise; Basic exterior
design; focus on installation of special equipment; mainly use steel, concrete, and reinforced concrete
masonry
Primary Players of Construction - Answers Owners, design professionals, construction professionals
Owner's role - Answers Develop program, define scope of work, create budget, and provide funding
Design professional's role - Answers Assist/advise owner in: developing program, appearance of
facility, selecting products, developing final building plans
Construction Professional's role - Answers Interpret plans/specs, create estimates, implement best
construction processes, and oversee/manage construction processes
Secondary Players - Answers 1st, 2nd, 3rd level players
1st-Level Players - Answers Subs, material suppliers, and equipment vendors; have direct influence
on outcome of job
2nd-Level Players - Answers Insurance/utilities/bonding companies, building code officials, zoning,
labor unions, and manufacturers; no contractual obligations to 3 main parties
3rd-level Players - Answers Legal system, local/state/fed gov., trade associations, education/training,
bankers, etc.; Does not regularly influence a project
Educational opportunities available/Agency responsible for promoting construction management at
university level - Answers AGC (Associated General Contractors) developed Construction Futures
Campaign to educate youngsters about construction; ASC (Associated Schools of Construction)
promotes construction management at university level
In the late 1970s, ____% of world's construction was in US, while in 1997, _____% was on foreign soil.
- Answers 80%, 80%
What is LEED? - Answers Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design; a building-ratings system
that evaluates the sustainability of buildings
Primary factors/values to be controlled/managed on a construction project - Answers For
construction Managers: Cost, time, quality, safety
For Owners/architects/engineers: Scope, function
