3040: Overview of Nursing Research
Exam With 100% Correct Answers.
relationship between two variables wherein the presence or value of one variable (the "cause")
determines the presence or value of the other - Answer cause and effect relationship
a study designed to assess the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of a new clinical intervention,
often involving several phases (e.g., phase III typically is a randomized controlled trial using an
experimental design) - Answer clinical trial
an abstraction based on observations of behaviors or characteristics - Answer concept
the abstract or theoretical meaning of a concept being studied - Answer conceptual
definition
an abstraction or concept that is invented (constructed) by researchers based on inferences
from human behavior or human traits (e.g., health locus of control) - Answer construct
the pieces of information obtained in a study (singular is datum) - Answer data
the variable hypothesized to depend on or be caused by another variable (the independent
variable); the outcome of interest - Answer dependent variable
a design that unfolds in the course of a qualitative study as the researcher makes ongoing
design decisions reflecting what has already been learned - Answer emergent design
a branch of human inquiry, associated with anthropology, that focuses on the culture of a group
of people, with an effort to understand the worldview and customs of those under study -
Answer ethnography
research using a design in which the researcher controls (manipulates) the independent variable
and randomly assigns people to different treatment conditions; randomized controlled trials use
experimental designs - Answer experimental research
the process of gaining access to study participants or data through the cooperation of key
gatekeepers in the selected community or site - Answer gaining entrée
,an approach to collecting and analyzing qualitative data that aims to develop theories about
social psychological processes grounded in real-world observations - Answer grounded
theory
a statement of predicted relationships between variables - Answer hypothesis
in literature searches, finding a pivotal early study and searching forward in citation indexes to
find more recent studies ("descendants") that cited the key study - Answer independent
variable
an individual who provides information to researchers about a phenomenon under study; a
term used mostly in ethnographic studies - Answer informant
the specification of what the intervention and alternative (control) treatment conditions are and
how they should be administered - Answer intervention protocol
a critical summary of research on a topic, often prepared to put a research problem in context
or to summarize existing evidence - Answer literature review
studies in which the researcher collects data without introducing an intervention; also called
observational research - Answer non-experimental research
the definition of a concept or variable in terms of the procedures by which it is to be measured -
Answer operational definition
a term often used to refer to the dependent variable, i.e., a measure that captures the outcome
(endpoint) of interest; the "O" in the PICO framework - Answer outcome variable
a qualitative research tradition, with roots in philosophy and psychology, that focuses on the
lived experience of humans - Answer phenomenology
the entire set of individuals or objects having some common characteristics (e.g., all registered
nurses [RNs] in California); the "P" in the PICO framework - Answer population
a bond or a connection between two or more variables - Answer relationship
the overall plan for addressing a research question, including strategies for enhancing the
study's integrity - Answer research design
, the total collection of data on all variables for all study participants - Answer saturation
the organization and analysis of quantitative data using statistical procedures, including both
descriptive and inferential statistics - Answer statistical analysis
a method of collecting data through the participation in and observation of a group or culture -
Answer study participant
an individual who participates and provides data in a study; term used primarily in quantitative
research - Answer subject
a recurring regularity emerging from an analysis of qualitative data - Answer theme
an abstract generalization that presents a systematic explanation about relationships among
phenomena - Answer theory
an interview stimulated and guided by photographic images. - Answer variable
quantitative terms for someone acting as an informant are...: - Answer subject; study
participant
qualitative terms for someone acting as an informant are...: - Answer study participant; key
informant
How can you tell if an article appearing in a nursing journal is a study? - Answer look at the
major headings of an article, and look for "method", "research design", "findings", or "results"
construct - Answer refers to an abstraction; usually one that's deliberately invented (more
complex than a concept)
___ are often inherent human traits, such as age or weight, but sometimes researchers create a
___. - Answer variable(s)
dependent variable - Answer outcome variable
The terms independent variable and dependent variable also can be used to indicate direction
of ___ rather than cause and effect. - Answer influence
Exam With 100% Correct Answers.
relationship between two variables wherein the presence or value of one variable (the "cause")
determines the presence or value of the other - Answer cause and effect relationship
a study designed to assess the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of a new clinical intervention,
often involving several phases (e.g., phase III typically is a randomized controlled trial using an
experimental design) - Answer clinical trial
an abstraction based on observations of behaviors or characteristics - Answer concept
the abstract or theoretical meaning of a concept being studied - Answer conceptual
definition
an abstraction or concept that is invented (constructed) by researchers based on inferences
from human behavior or human traits (e.g., health locus of control) - Answer construct
the pieces of information obtained in a study (singular is datum) - Answer data
the variable hypothesized to depend on or be caused by another variable (the independent
variable); the outcome of interest - Answer dependent variable
a design that unfolds in the course of a qualitative study as the researcher makes ongoing
design decisions reflecting what has already been learned - Answer emergent design
a branch of human inquiry, associated with anthropology, that focuses on the culture of a group
of people, with an effort to understand the worldview and customs of those under study -
Answer ethnography
research using a design in which the researcher controls (manipulates) the independent variable
and randomly assigns people to different treatment conditions; randomized controlled trials use
experimental designs - Answer experimental research
the process of gaining access to study participants or data through the cooperation of key
gatekeepers in the selected community or site - Answer gaining entrée
,an approach to collecting and analyzing qualitative data that aims to develop theories about
social psychological processes grounded in real-world observations - Answer grounded
theory
a statement of predicted relationships between variables - Answer hypothesis
in literature searches, finding a pivotal early study and searching forward in citation indexes to
find more recent studies ("descendants") that cited the key study - Answer independent
variable
an individual who provides information to researchers about a phenomenon under study; a
term used mostly in ethnographic studies - Answer informant
the specification of what the intervention and alternative (control) treatment conditions are and
how they should be administered - Answer intervention protocol
a critical summary of research on a topic, often prepared to put a research problem in context
or to summarize existing evidence - Answer literature review
studies in which the researcher collects data without introducing an intervention; also called
observational research - Answer non-experimental research
the definition of a concept or variable in terms of the procedures by which it is to be measured -
Answer operational definition
a term often used to refer to the dependent variable, i.e., a measure that captures the outcome
(endpoint) of interest; the "O" in the PICO framework - Answer outcome variable
a qualitative research tradition, with roots in philosophy and psychology, that focuses on the
lived experience of humans - Answer phenomenology
the entire set of individuals or objects having some common characteristics (e.g., all registered
nurses [RNs] in California); the "P" in the PICO framework - Answer population
a bond or a connection between two or more variables - Answer relationship
the overall plan for addressing a research question, including strategies for enhancing the
study's integrity - Answer research design
, the total collection of data on all variables for all study participants - Answer saturation
the organization and analysis of quantitative data using statistical procedures, including both
descriptive and inferential statistics - Answer statistical analysis
a method of collecting data through the participation in and observation of a group or culture -
Answer study participant
an individual who participates and provides data in a study; term used primarily in quantitative
research - Answer subject
a recurring regularity emerging from an analysis of qualitative data - Answer theme
an abstract generalization that presents a systematic explanation about relationships among
phenomena - Answer theory
an interview stimulated and guided by photographic images. - Answer variable
quantitative terms for someone acting as an informant are...: - Answer subject; study
participant
qualitative terms for someone acting as an informant are...: - Answer study participant; key
informant
How can you tell if an article appearing in a nursing journal is a study? - Answer look at the
major headings of an article, and look for "method", "research design", "findings", or "results"
construct - Answer refers to an abstraction; usually one that's deliberately invented (more
complex than a concept)
___ are often inherent human traits, such as age or weight, but sometimes researchers create a
___. - Answer variable(s)
dependent variable - Answer outcome variable
The terms independent variable and dependent variable also can be used to indicate direction
of ___ rather than cause and effect. - Answer influence
