NURS 3040 Exam 1 Lesson 2
Questions Fully Answered.
Cellular Injury - Answer Occurs when any factor disrupts cell structure or function
obstructing cell maintain homeostasis.
Na+/K+ Pump - Answer Expels 3 Na+ in exchange for 2 K+.
- higher potassium inside cell
- higher sodium outside cell
Requires energy.
Hypoxic Injury - Answer Result from lack of oxygen.
Hypoxia - Answer Oxygen deprivation.
Impaired O2 delivery.
Lack of O2.
Cellular power failure - Answer Caused by hypoxia.
Anaerobic Metabolism
Lactic Acid Accumulation
Damaged Plasma Membrane - Answer Cellular swelling: sodium not pumped out of cell,
stays inside and attracts water.
Damaged organelles - Answer Impaired protein synthesis.
Accumulation Injury - Answer Calcification, Lipids, Protein, Pigments, Urate, Environmental
Calcification - Answer Sodium-calcium exchange across membrane.
Lipids - Answer Hepatocytes, responsible for lipid metabolism.
Can lead to "fatty" liver.
Genetic Disorders: tay-sachs, ALD
Protein - Answer Alzheimer's: accumulation of amyloid plaque proteins.
, Huntington's: accumulated Huntington's proteins in CNS.
Pigments - Answer Accumulate in tissue.
Hemosiderin and Bilirubin
Hemosiderin - Answer RBCs pushed into subcutaneous tissue.
Yellow-brown pigment/bruise.
Macrophages can't keep up with removing RBCs.
Bilirubin - Answer Product of RBCs being recycles by liver.
Starts to deposit as jaundice/
Accumulates in blood.
Urate - Answer Excess amounts of uric acid crystalize and deposits in joints.
Causing inflammation known as gout.
Environmental - Answer Can accumulate and cause injury.
Pollutants, excess external moisture, black lung.
Types of Injury - Answer Hypoxic, Accumulation, Physical (mechanical and thermal),
Chemical.
Laceration - Answer Cut or tear in skin: often accidental in origin.
Incision - Answer Cut longer than it is deep.
Usually intentional.
Stab (Penetrating) - Answer Deeper than they are wide.
Puncture - Answer From object or bite.
Contusion - Answer Bruising injury with intact skin
Hematoma - Answer Injury involving significant blood vessel injury.
Questions Fully Answered.
Cellular Injury - Answer Occurs when any factor disrupts cell structure or function
obstructing cell maintain homeostasis.
Na+/K+ Pump - Answer Expels 3 Na+ in exchange for 2 K+.
- higher potassium inside cell
- higher sodium outside cell
Requires energy.
Hypoxic Injury - Answer Result from lack of oxygen.
Hypoxia - Answer Oxygen deprivation.
Impaired O2 delivery.
Lack of O2.
Cellular power failure - Answer Caused by hypoxia.
Anaerobic Metabolism
Lactic Acid Accumulation
Damaged Plasma Membrane - Answer Cellular swelling: sodium not pumped out of cell,
stays inside and attracts water.
Damaged organelles - Answer Impaired protein synthesis.
Accumulation Injury - Answer Calcification, Lipids, Protein, Pigments, Urate, Environmental
Calcification - Answer Sodium-calcium exchange across membrane.
Lipids - Answer Hepatocytes, responsible for lipid metabolism.
Can lead to "fatty" liver.
Genetic Disorders: tay-sachs, ALD
Protein - Answer Alzheimer's: accumulation of amyloid plaque proteins.
, Huntington's: accumulated Huntington's proteins in CNS.
Pigments - Answer Accumulate in tissue.
Hemosiderin and Bilirubin
Hemosiderin - Answer RBCs pushed into subcutaneous tissue.
Yellow-brown pigment/bruise.
Macrophages can't keep up with removing RBCs.
Bilirubin - Answer Product of RBCs being recycles by liver.
Starts to deposit as jaundice/
Accumulates in blood.
Urate - Answer Excess amounts of uric acid crystalize and deposits in joints.
Causing inflammation known as gout.
Environmental - Answer Can accumulate and cause injury.
Pollutants, excess external moisture, black lung.
Types of Injury - Answer Hypoxic, Accumulation, Physical (mechanical and thermal),
Chemical.
Laceration - Answer Cut or tear in skin: often accidental in origin.
Incision - Answer Cut longer than it is deep.
Usually intentional.
Stab (Penetrating) - Answer Deeper than they are wide.
Puncture - Answer From object or bite.
Contusion - Answer Bruising injury with intact skin
Hematoma - Answer Injury involving significant blood vessel injury.
