Introduction to Algorithms:
Fundamentals, Design, and
Analysis Study Guide
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, Thermodynamics_ Key Concepts and Laws for Physics Students Page 2 2026-03-20
closed system
a system that can exchange energy, but not matter, with its surroundings
entropy
the measure of the dispersal of usable energy
equilibrium
a state in which two or more phenomena are balanced
first law of thermodynamics
the law stating that energy is conserved in all natural processes; energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only
transferred or transformed; also known as the law of conservation of energy.
heat engine
a machine that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy
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