ISSA Strength & Conditioning Final
Exam Study solved & updated 2026
(latest version verified for
accuracy) | Graded +
What is the neural circuitry that travels outside the spinal cord?
Peripheral nervous system
Which of the following is a sensory receptor within a muscle that
detects changes in length and helps regulate contraction?
Muscle spindle
Which of the following are branches of the cell body that act as
receivers, collecting information from other neurons?
Dendrites
A cascade of events, resulting in muscle contraction, is triggered
when which of the following chemical neurotransmitters binds to
receptors on the muscle?
Acetylcholine
Which division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary
movement?
Somatic nervous system
Which type of motor unit can contract for many hours, or even days if
necessary?
,Slow (S) of Motor Unit
Which type of motor unit has a large motor neuron and consists of a
large bundle of type IIx muscle fibers?
Fast fatigable (FF)
Voluntary movement starts in the
cerebral cortex
Which of the following is the process that allows a muscle spindle to
contract at the same rate as the muscle where it resides?
Alpha-gamma co-activation
How many nerves are contained within the peripheral nervous
system, which includes all the neurons and glia outside of the brain
and spinal cord?
43 pairs
The muscular system includes how many muscles?
Approximately 650
Which muscle fiber type are the largest, and produce the most
amount of force?
Type IIx
The cross-bridge cycle requires energy, which is provided by
ATP hydrolysis.
The function of epimysium is to
protect muscle from friction against other muscles or bone.
With regard to mitochondrial density, which muscle fiber type has a
very small number of mitochondria?
Type IIx
Regarding the make-up of a person's muscle fiber ratio, which of the
following is correct?
It can't be changed to a large degree
, It is currently theorized that training with heavy loads causes
equal growth of type I and type II fibers.
Which of the following functions like girdles and guy wires to provide
an interconnected structure?
Fascia
Current research demonstrates what three possible mechanisms for
inducing hypertrophy?
Mechanical tension, metabolic stress, muscle damage
The functional units that can make a muscle shorten are:
Sarcomeres
Which of the following is found within the appendicular skeleton?
Bones of the upper and lower extremities
Movement between two adjacent vertebrae is made possible by
Facet joints
Wolff's Law describes the way
the body responds by increasing or decreasing the bone's diameter
In addition to being a barrier to pain, what important role does
cartilage play?
Bone development
Which of the following are mature bone cells that maintain a bone's
matrix?
Osteocytes
Bone-on-bone contact that results in joint pain and stiffness from a
loss of articular cartilage is
osteoarthritis
Elastin, an important elastic protein found in all connective tissues,
allows those tissues to
regain their original shape after being stretched out
Exam Study solved & updated 2026
(latest version verified for
accuracy) | Graded +
What is the neural circuitry that travels outside the spinal cord?
Peripheral nervous system
Which of the following is a sensory receptor within a muscle that
detects changes in length and helps regulate contraction?
Muscle spindle
Which of the following are branches of the cell body that act as
receivers, collecting information from other neurons?
Dendrites
A cascade of events, resulting in muscle contraction, is triggered
when which of the following chemical neurotransmitters binds to
receptors on the muscle?
Acetylcholine
Which division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary
movement?
Somatic nervous system
Which type of motor unit can contract for many hours, or even days if
necessary?
,Slow (S) of Motor Unit
Which type of motor unit has a large motor neuron and consists of a
large bundle of type IIx muscle fibers?
Fast fatigable (FF)
Voluntary movement starts in the
cerebral cortex
Which of the following is the process that allows a muscle spindle to
contract at the same rate as the muscle where it resides?
Alpha-gamma co-activation
How many nerves are contained within the peripheral nervous
system, which includes all the neurons and glia outside of the brain
and spinal cord?
43 pairs
The muscular system includes how many muscles?
Approximately 650
Which muscle fiber type are the largest, and produce the most
amount of force?
Type IIx
The cross-bridge cycle requires energy, which is provided by
ATP hydrolysis.
The function of epimysium is to
protect muscle from friction against other muscles or bone.
With regard to mitochondrial density, which muscle fiber type has a
very small number of mitochondria?
Type IIx
Regarding the make-up of a person's muscle fiber ratio, which of the
following is correct?
It can't be changed to a large degree
, It is currently theorized that training with heavy loads causes
equal growth of type I and type II fibers.
Which of the following functions like girdles and guy wires to provide
an interconnected structure?
Fascia
Current research demonstrates what three possible mechanisms for
inducing hypertrophy?
Mechanical tension, metabolic stress, muscle damage
The functional units that can make a muscle shorten are:
Sarcomeres
Which of the following is found within the appendicular skeleton?
Bones of the upper and lower extremities
Movement between two adjacent vertebrae is made possible by
Facet joints
Wolff's Law describes the way
the body responds by increasing or decreasing the bone's diameter
In addition to being a barrier to pain, what important role does
cartilage play?
Bone development
Which of the following are mature bone cells that maintain a bone's
matrix?
Osteocytes
Bone-on-bone contact that results in joint pain and stiffness from a
loss of articular cartilage is
osteoarthritis
Elastin, an important elastic protein found in all connective tissues,
allows those tissues to
regain their original shape after being stretched out
