NSG 300 Exam 2 (PDF) | (2026/2027) |
Foundations of Nursing | Grand Canyon
University 200 Questions with Answers &
Rationales
Section 1: The Nursing Process & Critical Thinking (Questions 1–35)
1. The nurse is using the nursing process to plan patient care.
Which is the correct order of the nursing process?
A) Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C) Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D) Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Planning, Evaluation
Answer: B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
Evaluation
Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic problem-solving
approach: ADPIE (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, Evaluation).
2. The nurse is collecting data about a patient's health status. This
step of the nursing process is called:
A) Diagnosis
,B) Assessment
C) Planning
D) Implementation
Answer: B) Assessment
Rationale: Assessment involves collecting, organizing, validating,
and documenting data about the patient's health status. It is the
first step of the nursing process.
3. A nursing student is learning about types of assessment data.
Which is an example of subjective data?
A) Blood pressure 120/80 mmHg
B) Patient reports "I feel nauseous"
C) Temperature 98.6°F
D) Wound appears red and swollen
Answer: B) Patient reports "I feel nauseous"
Rationale: Subjective data are what the patient says or reports.
Objective data are observable and measurable (vital signs, physical
exam findings).
4. The nurse notes that a patient's blood pressure is 150/90 mmHg.
This is an example of:
A) Subjective data
B) Objective data
,C) Assessment data
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
Rationale: Objective data are measurable and observable. Blood
pressure measurement is objective data collected during the
assessment phase.
5. The nurse is formulating a nursing diagnosis. Which statement is
correct about a nursing diagnosis?
A) It identifies a medical disease
B) It describes a patient's response to a health problem
C) It is the same as a medical diagnosis
D) It prescribes medical treatment
Answer: B) It describes a patient's response to a health problem
Rationale: A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about a
patient's response to actual or potential health problems. It differs
from a medical diagnosis, which identifies a disease.
6. The nurse writes the following nursing diagnosis: "Impaired Gas
Exchange related to alveolar-capillary membrane changes as
evidenced by oxygen saturation of 88% and dyspnea." Which part
is the "as evidenced by" (AEB) statement?
A) Impaired Gas Exchange
, B) Related to alveolar-capillary membrane changes
C) As evidenced by oxygen saturation of 88% and dyspnea
D) None of the above
Answer: C) As evidenced by oxygen saturation of 88% and dyspnea
Rationale: The "as evidenced by" (AEB) statement provides the
defining characteristics or signs/symptoms that support the
nursing diagnosis.
7. The nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis for a patient at risk for
falls. Which is the correct format for a risk nursing diagnosis?
A) Risk for Falls related to dizziness
B) Risk for Falls as evidenced by dizziness
C) Risk for Falls
D) Falls related to dizziness
Answer: A) Risk for Falls related to dizziness
Rationale: A risk nursing diagnosis is written as "Risk for [problem]
related to [risk factors]." There are no defining characteristics
(AEB) because the problem has not yet occurred.
8. The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with a nursing
diagnosis of "Acute Pain." Which is an appropriate goal for this
patient?
A) The patient will be pain-free by discharge
Foundations of Nursing | Grand Canyon
University 200 Questions with Answers &
Rationales
Section 1: The Nursing Process & Critical Thinking (Questions 1–35)
1. The nurse is using the nursing process to plan patient care.
Which is the correct order of the nursing process?
A) Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C) Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D) Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Planning, Evaluation
Answer: B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
Evaluation
Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic problem-solving
approach: ADPIE (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, Evaluation).
2. The nurse is collecting data about a patient's health status. This
step of the nursing process is called:
A) Diagnosis
,B) Assessment
C) Planning
D) Implementation
Answer: B) Assessment
Rationale: Assessment involves collecting, organizing, validating,
and documenting data about the patient's health status. It is the
first step of the nursing process.
3. A nursing student is learning about types of assessment data.
Which is an example of subjective data?
A) Blood pressure 120/80 mmHg
B) Patient reports "I feel nauseous"
C) Temperature 98.6°F
D) Wound appears red and swollen
Answer: B) Patient reports "I feel nauseous"
Rationale: Subjective data are what the patient says or reports.
Objective data are observable and measurable (vital signs, physical
exam findings).
4. The nurse notes that a patient's blood pressure is 150/90 mmHg.
This is an example of:
A) Subjective data
B) Objective data
,C) Assessment data
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
Rationale: Objective data are measurable and observable. Blood
pressure measurement is objective data collected during the
assessment phase.
5. The nurse is formulating a nursing diagnosis. Which statement is
correct about a nursing diagnosis?
A) It identifies a medical disease
B) It describes a patient's response to a health problem
C) It is the same as a medical diagnosis
D) It prescribes medical treatment
Answer: B) It describes a patient's response to a health problem
Rationale: A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about a
patient's response to actual or potential health problems. It differs
from a medical diagnosis, which identifies a disease.
6. The nurse writes the following nursing diagnosis: "Impaired Gas
Exchange related to alveolar-capillary membrane changes as
evidenced by oxygen saturation of 88% and dyspnea." Which part
is the "as evidenced by" (AEB) statement?
A) Impaired Gas Exchange
, B) Related to alveolar-capillary membrane changes
C) As evidenced by oxygen saturation of 88% and dyspnea
D) None of the above
Answer: C) As evidenced by oxygen saturation of 88% and dyspnea
Rationale: The "as evidenced by" (AEB) statement provides the
defining characteristics or signs/symptoms that support the
nursing diagnosis.
7. The nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis for a patient at risk for
falls. Which is the correct format for a risk nursing diagnosis?
A) Risk for Falls related to dizziness
B) Risk for Falls as evidenced by dizziness
C) Risk for Falls
D) Falls related to dizziness
Answer: A) Risk for Falls related to dizziness
Rationale: A risk nursing diagnosis is written as "Risk for [problem]
related to [risk factors]." There are no defining characteristics
(AEB) because the problem has not yet occurred.
8. The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with a nursing
diagnosis of "Acute Pain." Which is an appropriate goal for this
patient?
A) The patient will be pain-free by discharge
