Governance Dynamics (practise exam 1)
- Multiple choice
- (Only one answer is the most comprehensive and valid argument)
- Answers on the last page
Question 1
Environmental policy can be approached through IEZ or ROM. Under which condition is ROM
most appropriate?
A. When environmental standards must be uniformly applied across regions
B. When the issue is highly complex and context-dependent with multiple stakeholders
C. When there is a need for fast and decisive implementation of policy
D. When scientific certainty about environmental impact is high
Question 2
A government claims that “there is no alternative” to a large infrastructure project, emphasizing
national economic benefits while downplaying local impacts. Which mechanism of will-shaping
is most clearly present?
A. Consensus-building
B. Framing through generalisation and mythologizing
C. Participatory negotiation
D. Institutional integration
Question 3
In planning processes, bureaucratic systems may function as a ‘fourth power’. What is the main
implication of this?
A. Experts replace politicians in democratic decision-making
B. Decision-making becomes fully decentralised
C. Formal democratic structures may be influenced or shaped by administrative routines and
expertise
D. Citizens gain more direct influence through bureaucratic procedures
Question 4
Post-policy governance refers to situations in which:
- Multiple choice
- (Only one answer is the most comprehensive and valid argument)
- Answers on the last page
Question 1
Environmental policy can be approached through IEZ or ROM. Under which condition is ROM
most appropriate?
A. When environmental standards must be uniformly applied across regions
B. When the issue is highly complex and context-dependent with multiple stakeholders
C. When there is a need for fast and decisive implementation of policy
D. When scientific certainty about environmental impact is high
Question 2
A government claims that “there is no alternative” to a large infrastructure project, emphasizing
national economic benefits while downplaying local impacts. Which mechanism of will-shaping
is most clearly present?
A. Consensus-building
B. Framing through generalisation and mythologizing
C. Participatory negotiation
D. Institutional integration
Question 3
In planning processes, bureaucratic systems may function as a ‘fourth power’. What is the main
implication of this?
A. Experts replace politicians in democratic decision-making
B. Decision-making becomes fully decentralised
C. Formal democratic structures may be influenced or shaped by administrative routines and
expertise
D. Citizens gain more direct influence through bureaucratic procedures
Question 4
Post-policy governance refers to situations in which:
