TEST 2026 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Breast cancer risk factors. Answer: Menarche before 12, late first full-
term pregnancy, nulliparity, menopause after 52
● Breast cancer presentation. Answer: Immobile, irregular breast mass;
nipple retraction; bloody nipple discharge
● Most common breast cancer type. Answer: Infiltrating intraductal
carcinoma
● Infiltrating lobular carcinoma. Answer: Frequently bilateral
● Paget's disease of the nipple. Answer: Chronic eczematous, itchy,
scaling rash on nipple and areola
● Inflammatory breast cancer presentation. Answer: Red, swollen,
warm, itchy breast; nipple retraction; peau d'orange; no lump
● Breast cancer screening. Answer: Annual mammogram ages 40-74
, ● Breast cancer treatment. Answer: Lumpectomy + radiation + adjunct
chemo if positive nodes (stage I/II, tumor <4 cm); tamoxifen if ER+;
aromatase inhibitors if postmenopausal ER+; monoclonal antibodies if
HER2+
● Breast mass differential diagnosis. Answer: Fibroadenoma, Paget
disease, fibrocystic changes, breast abscess, malignancy
● Breast mass diagnosis. Answer: Mammogram first line if suspicious;
ultrasound for young women; biopsy definitive
● Fibroadenoma characteristics. Answer: Benign, women 20-30 years,
painless, firm, mobile, round, well-circumscribed, smooth borders
● Fibroadenoma diagnosis. Answer: Mammogram + ultrasound; FNA if
indeterminate; biopsy if <25 years
● Fibroadenoma treatment. Answer: Follow-up and reassurance; most
regress spontaneously
● Fibrocystic changes. Answer: Benign, bilateral breast lumps; size and
pain increase before menses; wax and wane with cycle
● Fibrocystic diagnosis. Answer: Breast cyst aspiration (straw-colored
fluid, no blood); ultrasound; mammogram