UCO Microbiology & Immunology Final Exam 4: Pathogen Virulence, LD50/ID50, Portals of Entry, Host Defense Mechanisms, Phagocytosis, Complement Activation (C3-C9), Iron Sequestration, Interferons (IFN-α/IFN-γ), Antibody Types (IgG, IgM, IgE), Adaptive Immu

UCO Microbiology & Immunology Final Exam 4: Pathogen Virulence, LD50/ID50, Portals of Entry, Host Defense Mechanisms, Phagocytosis, Complement Activation (C3-C9), Iron Sequestration, Interferons (IFN-α/IFN-γ), Antibody Types (IgG, IgM, IgE), Adaptive Immunity, Active & Passive Immunity, Vaccines, Cytotoxic T Cells (CD8+), NK Cells, Hypersensitivity Types I-IV, Autoimmunity, Immunodeficiencies, ELISA (Direct/Indirect), Agglutination Tests, Hemagglutination Inhibition, Immunodiffusion, Rabies Diagnostics, Allergen Desensitization, Stem Cell Pluripotency, Host-Pathogen Interactions (Fimbriae, Capsules, Adhesins), Bacterial & Viral Evasion, Artificial vs Natural Immunity Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 The removal of plasmids reduces virulence in which of the following organisms? Streptococcus mutans LD50 -lethal dose (of a toxin) for 50% of the test population -example: 25ug/kg dilution had 3 animals die and 3 survive. which of the following is NOT considered a portal of entry for pathogens?mucous membranes of respiratory tract mucous membranes of gastrointestinal tract skin blood parenteral route blood which of the following would prevent the others in a bacterial infection?vaccination against fimbriae phagocytosis inhibition of phagocytic digestion destruction of adhesins alteration of cytoskeleton vaccination against fimbriae the ID 50 for Campylobacter is 500 cells; the ID50 for Cryptosporidium is 100 cells. Which of the following statements is FALSE? They are equally virulent An encapsulated bacterium can be virulent because the capsule resists phagocytosis a drug that binds to mannose on a human cell would prevent the attachment of pathogenic E.coli What is the main reason the early smallpox vaccine did not kill people? skin is the wrong portal of entry for the virus Which of the following does not represent the same mechanism for avoiding host defenses as the others? rabies attaches to receptor for AcH Salmonella attaches for epidermal growth factor EB virus attaches for compliment surface protein genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae mutate frequently surface protein genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae mutate frequently which of the following statements is true? a successful pathogen doesn't kill before it is transmitted