Mycobacteria & Medical Mycology EXAM 5 Review: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(RIPE Therapy, Granulomas, Cording, AFB Staining – Ziehl-Neelsen, Kinyoun,
Auramine-Rhodamine), M. bovis, M. leprae, Rapid Growers (M. fortuitum-
chelonae, M. abscessus), Photochromogens, Scotochromogens,
Nonphotochromogens, Nocardia (Partial Acid-Fast, Pulmonary Nocardiosis,
Catalase, Decomposition Tests), Actinomyces (Gram-Positive Filamentous
Branching Rods), Fungal Taxonomy (Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota),
Yeasts (Candida albicans, CHROMagar Speciation, Cryptococcus neoformans,
Pneumocystis jiroveci), Dimorphic Fungi (Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces
dermatitidis, Coccidioides, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Sporothrix schenckii),
Superficial Mycoses (Tinea versicolor, Tinea capitis/corporis/pedis/unuium,
Tinea barbae, Malassezia, Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton), Black
& White Piedra, Chromoblastomycosis, Eumycotic Mycetoma, Fungal Culture
Media & Stains (LJ, Middlebrook, IMA, Cycloheximide, KOH, Calcofluor White,
India Ink, GMS), Microscopy & Morphology (Hyaline/Dematiaceous, Conidia,
Conidiophores, Micro/Macroconidia, Arthroconidia, Chlamydospores,
Blastoconidia), Specimen Processing & ID Methods (Tease Mount, Scotch Tape,
Slide Culture) Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded
Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Mycobacteria
Aerobic, non-spore forming bacilli
Acid-fast
,Ziehl-Neelson staining method/reagents
-Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue
AFB = Red
Kinyoun staining method/reagents
-Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue or brilliant green
AFB = Red
Auramine-Rhodamine Fluorescent stain
-Auramine-rhodamine
-Acid alcohol
-Potassium permanganate
AFB = Yellow/orange fluoresce
, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-Tuberculosis
-Spreads via respiratory droplets
-Causes granuloma
Mycobacterium tuberculosis treatment
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis AFB stain pattern
Cording on smear
Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture
-Buff, rough colonies
-Slow grower
Mycobacterium tuberculosis biochemical test
Niacin +
Nitrate +
68°C catalate =
Mycobacterium bovis
(RIPE Therapy, Granulomas, Cording, AFB Staining – Ziehl-Neelsen, Kinyoun,
Auramine-Rhodamine), M. bovis, M. leprae, Rapid Growers (M. fortuitum-
chelonae, M. abscessus), Photochromogens, Scotochromogens,
Nonphotochromogens, Nocardia (Partial Acid-Fast, Pulmonary Nocardiosis,
Catalase, Decomposition Tests), Actinomyces (Gram-Positive Filamentous
Branching Rods), Fungal Taxonomy (Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota),
Yeasts (Candida albicans, CHROMagar Speciation, Cryptococcus neoformans,
Pneumocystis jiroveci), Dimorphic Fungi (Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces
dermatitidis, Coccidioides, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Sporothrix schenckii),
Superficial Mycoses (Tinea versicolor, Tinea capitis/corporis/pedis/unuium,
Tinea barbae, Malassezia, Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton), Black
& White Piedra, Chromoblastomycosis, Eumycotic Mycetoma, Fungal Culture
Media & Stains (LJ, Middlebrook, IMA, Cycloheximide, KOH, Calcofluor White,
India Ink, GMS), Microscopy & Morphology (Hyaline/Dematiaceous, Conidia,
Conidiophores, Micro/Macroconidia, Arthroconidia, Chlamydospores,
Blastoconidia), Specimen Processing & ID Methods (Tease Mount, Scotch Tape,
Slide Culture) Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded
Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Mycobacteria
Aerobic, non-spore forming bacilli
Acid-fast
,Ziehl-Neelson staining method/reagents
-Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue
AFB = Red
Kinyoun staining method/reagents
-Carbol fuchsin
-Acid Alcohol
-Methylene blue or brilliant green
AFB = Red
Auramine-Rhodamine Fluorescent stain
-Auramine-rhodamine
-Acid alcohol
-Potassium permanganate
AFB = Yellow/orange fluoresce
, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-Tuberculosis
-Spreads via respiratory droplets
-Causes granuloma
Mycobacterium tuberculosis treatment
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis AFB stain pattern
Cording on smear
Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture
-Buff, rough colonies
-Slow grower
Mycobacterium tuberculosis biochemical test
Niacin +
Nitrate +
68°C catalate =
Mycobacterium bovis
