Market Orientation, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Relationship
Marketing, Marketing Mix (Product, Price, Place, Promotion), Product Types
(Goods, Services, Ideas), Customer Value & Benefits, Exchanges & Stakeholders,
Marketing Environment (Micro & Macro: Competitive, Economic, Political, Legal,
Technological, Sociocultural Forces), Market Segmentation, Target Markets,
Strategic Marketing Management, SWOT Analysis, Ansoff Opportunity Matrix
(Market Penetration, Product Development, Market Development,
Diversification), BCG Growth/Share Matrix (Stars, Question Marks, Cash Cows,
Dogs), Competitive Advantage, First-Mover Advantage, Strategic Windows,
Sustainable Competitive Advantage, Marketing Objectives, Pricing, Distribution,
Promotion, Marketing Ethics, Social Responsibility, Cause-Related Marketing,
Green Marketing, Strategic Philanthropy, Marketing Research (Exploratory,
Descriptive, Causal, Experimental), Primary & Secondary Data, Surveys &
Interviews, Consumer Behavior Factors (Cultural, Social, Personal,
Psychological), Buyer Decision Process (Need Recognition, Information Search,
Evaluation of Alternatives, Purchase, Post-Purchase), FLE & Employee
Motivation, Strategic Performance Evaluation, Sales & Marketing Cost Analysis
Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales
Latest Updated 2026
Marketing
The process of creating, pricing, distributing, and promoting goods, services, and ideas to:
,-Facilitate satisfying relationships with customers.
-Develop and maintain favorable relationships with stakeholders in a dynamic environment.
Customers:
The purchasers of organizations' products.
-Focal point of all marketing activities.
Target market:
A specific group of customers of whom an organization focuses on marketing to.
Marketing mix:
Product, Pricing, Place (Distribution), Promotion.
-Developed and controlled by the firm.
-Objective is to meet the needs of customers within its target market product.
Product:
Goods:
Services:
, Ideas:
-A good, service, or idea.
-Tangible
-Intangible customer benefits.
-Concepts, philosophies, and issues. (Deals with researching customers' needs and wants and
designing a product that satisfies them).
Product:
Involves creating and modifying:
-Brand names
-Packaging
-Product itself
Distribution:
Ensuring availability of products in desired quantities to maximum number of target-market
customers as possible.
Distribution aims to keep costs low for:
-Inventory
-Transportation
-Storage
Distribution ensure availability of products: