NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY
NUR 210 Pharmacology, NUR 210, Nursing Program, 2026/2027 –
Exam 4 Study Guide and Practice Material, Questions & Answers
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,EXAM 4: NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY (2026/2027).
1. A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine (Lantus). The
nurse knows that this insulin is characterized by:
a) A peak effect occurring 2-4 hours after administration
b) A duration of action of approximately 24 hours with no pronounced peak
c) The need to be administered exactly 30 minutes before meals
d) A cloudy appearance that requires shaking before use
Answer: b) A duration of action of approximately 24 hours with no pronounced
peak
*Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin. It provides a steady level
of insulin for about 24 hours without a significant peak, which helps mimic the
body's natural basal insulin secretion and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia. It is
clear, not cloudy, and should not be shaken.*
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient with a new prescription
for apixaban (Eliquis). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for
further teaching?
a) "I will not need to have regular blood tests to check my INR."
b) "I should watch for bleeding gums or dark, tarry stools."
c) "If I miss a dose, I should double the next dose to catch up."
d) "I will tell my dentist that I am taking this medication."
,Answer: c) "If I miss a dose, I should double the next dose to catch up."
Rationale: Apixaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor (DOAC). Unlike warfarin, it does
not require routine INR monitoring. However, if a dose is missed, the patient
should take it as soon as remembered, skipping it if it is almost time for the next
dose. Doubling the dose significantly increases bleeding risk. Bleeding
precautions are essential.
3. A patient is receiving furosemide (Lasix) for acute pulmonary edema. The
nurse should prioritize monitoring for which adverse effect?
a) Hyperkalemia
b) Ototoxicity
c) Hypercalcemia
d) Bradycardia
Answer: b) Ototoxicity
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic. When administered rapidly via IV push,
especially at high doses, it can cause ototoxicity (hearing loss, tinnitus), which is
often irreversible. While hypokalemia is a common side effect, ototoxicity is the
priority in an acute setting due to its potential permanence.
4. A patient with a severe peanut allergy experiences anaphylaxis after
accidental ingestion. The nurse anticipates administering which medication
first?
a) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) IV
b) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) IV
c) Epinephrine (Adrenalin) IM
d) Albuterol (Proventil) nebulizer
Answer: c) Epinephrine (Adrenalin) IM
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis. It causes
vasoconstriction (reversing hypotension and edema) and bronchodilation
, (reversing bronchospasm). Antihistamines and corticosteroids are secondary
treatments that work more slowly to prevent biphasic reactions but do not reverse
acute cardiovascular collapse.
5. A patient is prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid) after a total thyroidectomy.
The nurse instructs the patient to take this medication:
a) With a glass of grapefruit juice to enhance absorption
b) At bedtime with a high-fiber snack
c) In the morning on an empty stomach, at least 30-60 minutes before food
d) With calcium carbonate to prevent bone loss
Answer: c) In the morning on an empty stomach, at least 30-60 minutes before
food
Rationale: Levothyroxine absorption is significantly affected by food, calcium,
iron, and certain antacids. To ensure consistent absorption and therapeutic
effect, it must be taken consistently on an empty stomach with water, typically in
the morning.
6. The nurse is administering digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient with heart failure.
The patientʼs apical pulse is 58 bpm, and they report nausea and yellow-tinged
vision. What is the priority nursing action?
a) Administer the medication and reassess the pulse in 30 minutes.
b) Hold the medication and assess the potassium level.
c) Give the medication with a small snack to reduce nausea.
d) Document the findings as expected side effects.
Answer: b) Hold the medication and assess the potassium level.
*Rationale: Nausea and yellow-tinged vision (xanthopsia) are classic signs of
digoxin toxicity. A low potassium level (hypokalemia) potentiates digoxin toxicity.
The nurse should hold the dose, assess the potassium level, and notify the
healthcare provider. The pulse is also below the typical hold parameter (usually
<60 bpm).*
NUR 210 Pharmacology, NUR 210, Nursing Program, 2026/2027 –
Exam 4 Study Guide and Practice Material, Questions & Answers
(Verified Answers) | Complete A+ Guide - PDF
Gradegurus
➢
➢
➢
➢Questions & Answers (Verified Answers) With
➢
,EXAM 4: NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY (2026/2027).
1. A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine (Lantus). The
nurse knows that this insulin is characterized by:
a) A peak effect occurring 2-4 hours after administration
b) A duration of action of approximately 24 hours with no pronounced peak
c) The need to be administered exactly 30 minutes before meals
d) A cloudy appearance that requires shaking before use
Answer: b) A duration of action of approximately 24 hours with no pronounced
peak
*Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin. It provides a steady level
of insulin for about 24 hours without a significant peak, which helps mimic the
body's natural basal insulin secretion and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia. It is
clear, not cloudy, and should not be shaken.*
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient with a new prescription
for apixaban (Eliquis). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for
further teaching?
a) "I will not need to have regular blood tests to check my INR."
b) "I should watch for bleeding gums or dark, tarry stools."
c) "If I miss a dose, I should double the next dose to catch up."
d) "I will tell my dentist that I am taking this medication."
,Answer: c) "If I miss a dose, I should double the next dose to catch up."
Rationale: Apixaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor (DOAC). Unlike warfarin, it does
not require routine INR monitoring. However, if a dose is missed, the patient
should take it as soon as remembered, skipping it if it is almost time for the next
dose. Doubling the dose significantly increases bleeding risk. Bleeding
precautions are essential.
3. A patient is receiving furosemide (Lasix) for acute pulmonary edema. The
nurse should prioritize monitoring for which adverse effect?
a) Hyperkalemia
b) Ototoxicity
c) Hypercalcemia
d) Bradycardia
Answer: b) Ototoxicity
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic. When administered rapidly via IV push,
especially at high doses, it can cause ototoxicity (hearing loss, tinnitus), which is
often irreversible. While hypokalemia is a common side effect, ototoxicity is the
priority in an acute setting due to its potential permanence.
4. A patient with a severe peanut allergy experiences anaphylaxis after
accidental ingestion. The nurse anticipates administering which medication
first?
a) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) IV
b) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) IV
c) Epinephrine (Adrenalin) IM
d) Albuterol (Proventil) nebulizer
Answer: c) Epinephrine (Adrenalin) IM
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis. It causes
vasoconstriction (reversing hypotension and edema) and bronchodilation
, (reversing bronchospasm). Antihistamines and corticosteroids are secondary
treatments that work more slowly to prevent biphasic reactions but do not reverse
acute cardiovascular collapse.
5. A patient is prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid) after a total thyroidectomy.
The nurse instructs the patient to take this medication:
a) With a glass of grapefruit juice to enhance absorption
b) At bedtime with a high-fiber snack
c) In the morning on an empty stomach, at least 30-60 minutes before food
d) With calcium carbonate to prevent bone loss
Answer: c) In the morning on an empty stomach, at least 30-60 minutes before
food
Rationale: Levothyroxine absorption is significantly affected by food, calcium,
iron, and certain antacids. To ensure consistent absorption and therapeutic
effect, it must be taken consistently on an empty stomach with water, typically in
the morning.
6. The nurse is administering digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient with heart failure.
The patientʼs apical pulse is 58 bpm, and they report nausea and yellow-tinged
vision. What is the priority nursing action?
a) Administer the medication and reassess the pulse in 30 minutes.
b) Hold the medication and assess the potassium level.
c) Give the medication with a small snack to reduce nausea.
d) Document the findings as expected side effects.
Answer: b) Hold the medication and assess the potassium level.
*Rationale: Nausea and yellow-tinged vision (xanthopsia) are classic signs of
digoxin toxicity. A low potassium level (hypokalemia) potentiates digoxin toxicity.
The nurse should hold the dose, assess the potassium level, and notify the
healthcare provider. The pulse is also below the typical hold parameter (usually
<60 bpm).*
