Final exam review LPN to RN questions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
with answers |\
A client's most recent blood work indicates a K+ level of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
7.2 mEq/L (7.2 mmol/L), a finding that constitutes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hyperkalemia. For what signs and symptoms should the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nurse vigilantly monitor? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔cardiac
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
irregularities
|\
The nurse is caring for a client with metabolic alkalosis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
whose breathing rate is 8 breaths per minute. Which
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
arterial blood gas data does the nurse anticipate finding?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔In metabolic acidosis, arterial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
blood gas results are anticipated to reflect pH guch as 64;
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
42.
|\
A client loses consciousness after strenuous exercise and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
needs to be admitted to a health care facility. The client is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
diagnosed with dehydration. The nurse knows that the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
client needs restoration of: - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔electrolytes.
,Non-electrolytes are chemical compounds that remain |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bound together when dissolved in a solution.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Interstitial fluid is the fluid in the tissue space between
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and around cells.
|\ |\ |\
Colloids are substances that do not dissolve into a true
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
solution and do not pass through a semipermeable
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
membrane.
When the nurse is starting an intravenous infusion on a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
client who will be receiving multiple intravenous
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
antibiotics, which guideline should the nurse follow? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Use distal veins before proximal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
veins
|\ leaving the more proximal sites for later venipunctures.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
The primary extracellular electrolytes are: - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Potassium is needed for neural, muscle, and: - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔cardiac function. |\ |\
,A client reports she has lactose intolerance and questions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the nurse about alternative sources of calcium. What
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
options can be provided by the nurse? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Spinach |\
Sardines, whole grains, and green leafy vegetables also
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
provide calcium. |\
Which age group is at risk for fluid and electrolyte
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
imbalances resulting from fad dieting? - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Adolescents |\
A physician orders an infusion of 250 mL of NS in 100
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
minutes. The set is 20 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔50 gtt/min |\ |\ |\
The flow rate (gtt/min) equals the volume (mL) times the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
drop factor (gtt/mL) divided by the time in minutes.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
The oncoming nurse is assigned to the following clients.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which client should the nurse assess first? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔a newly admitted 88-year-old with a 2-day
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
history of vomiting and loose stools
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, Mr. Jones is admitted to the nurse's unit from the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
emergency department with a diagnosis of hypocalcemia. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
His laboratory results show a serum calcium level of 8.2
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mg/dL (2.05 mmol/L). For what assessment findings will
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the nurse be looking? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔muscle
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cramping and tetany (muscle spasms) |\ |\ |\ |\
hypercalcemia = nausea, vomiting, constipation, bone |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pain, excessive urination, thirst, confusion, lethargy, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
slurred speech. |\ |\
hyperchloremia = diminished cognitive ability and |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hypertension
Constipation is a sign of hypercalcemia. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse make based on
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the effects of fluid and electrolyte imbalance on human
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
functioning? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acute Confusion |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
related to cerebral edema |\ |\ |\
The student nurse asks, "what is interstitial fluid?" What
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
is the appropriate nursing response? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔"Fluid in the tissue space between and |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
around cells." |\
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
with answers |\
A client's most recent blood work indicates a K+ level of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
7.2 mEq/L (7.2 mmol/L), a finding that constitutes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hyperkalemia. For what signs and symptoms should the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nurse vigilantly monitor? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔cardiac
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
irregularities
|\
The nurse is caring for a client with metabolic alkalosis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
whose breathing rate is 8 breaths per minute. Which
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
arterial blood gas data does the nurse anticipate finding?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔In metabolic acidosis, arterial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
blood gas results are anticipated to reflect pH guch as 64;
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
42.
|\
A client loses consciousness after strenuous exercise and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
needs to be admitted to a health care facility. The client is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
diagnosed with dehydration. The nurse knows that the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
client needs restoration of: - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔electrolytes.
,Non-electrolytes are chemical compounds that remain |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bound together when dissolved in a solution.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Interstitial fluid is the fluid in the tissue space between
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and around cells.
|\ |\ |\
Colloids are substances that do not dissolve into a true
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
solution and do not pass through a semipermeable
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
membrane.
When the nurse is starting an intravenous infusion on a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
client who will be receiving multiple intravenous
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
antibiotics, which guideline should the nurse follow? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Use distal veins before proximal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
veins
|\ leaving the more proximal sites for later venipunctures.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
The primary extracellular electrolytes are: - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Potassium is needed for neural, muscle, and: - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔cardiac function. |\ |\
,A client reports she has lactose intolerance and questions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the nurse about alternative sources of calcium. What
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
options can be provided by the nurse? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Spinach |\
Sardines, whole grains, and green leafy vegetables also
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
provide calcium. |\
Which age group is at risk for fluid and electrolyte
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
imbalances resulting from fad dieting? - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Adolescents |\
A physician orders an infusion of 250 mL of NS in 100
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
minutes. The set is 20 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔50 gtt/min |\ |\ |\
The flow rate (gtt/min) equals the volume (mL) times the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
drop factor (gtt/mL) divided by the time in minutes.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
The oncoming nurse is assigned to the following clients.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which client should the nurse assess first? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔a newly admitted 88-year-old with a 2-day
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
history of vomiting and loose stools
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, Mr. Jones is admitted to the nurse's unit from the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
emergency department with a diagnosis of hypocalcemia. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
His laboratory results show a serum calcium level of 8.2
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mg/dL (2.05 mmol/L). For what assessment findings will
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the nurse be looking? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔muscle
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cramping and tetany (muscle spasms) |\ |\ |\ |\
hypercalcemia = nausea, vomiting, constipation, bone |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pain, excessive urination, thirst, confusion, lethargy, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
slurred speech. |\ |\
hyperchloremia = diminished cognitive ability and |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hypertension
Constipation is a sign of hypercalcemia. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse make based on
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the effects of fluid and electrolyte imbalance on human
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
functioning? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acute Confusion |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
related to cerebral edema |\ |\ |\
The student nurse asks, "what is interstitial fluid?" What
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
is the appropriate nursing response? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔"Fluid in the tissue space between and |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
around cells." |\
