public health correct answers totality of all evidence-based public and private efforts that
preserve and promote health and prevent disease, disability and death
determinants of health correct answers behavior, infections, genetics, geography, environment,
medical care, socioeconomic cultural
James Lind correct answers associated eating citrus fruits and scurvy among sailors
Edward Jenner correct answers developed first vaccine for smallpox from coxpox
John Snow correct answers father of epidemiology; studied outbreak of cholera and its disease
distribution by mapping it out
Epidemiological Theory correct answers disease does not distribute randomly in human
populations, distributions of persona and place are important, outcome is related to specific
exposures and doses of exposure
Miasma Phase accomplishments correct answers first state health department (MA); APHA;
disease control efforts towards general cleanliness
Contagion Control Phase correct answers 1880-1940s; improvements in sanitary conditions
through large infrastructure projects and improved housing conditions
Miasma Phase correct answers 1850-1880; hygiene phase
Social Engineering Phase correct answers became apparent that technical health advances and
resources were not equally available to all people; large investments not in public health but had
effect on public health (hospitals, health-person power, biomedical knowledge from research,
medicare and medicaid to close gap between rich and poor)
, health correct answers state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
epidemiology correct answers branch of science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and
control of disease in a population
biostatistics correct answers statistics applied to the analysis of biological data
environmental health sciences correct answers environmental factors that affect human health
health policy and management correct answers focuses on the delivery of care
social and behavioral sciences correct answers Address the behavioral, social and cultural factors
related to individual and population health and health disparities over the life course; contributes
programs and policy
major achievements of 20th century correct answers vaccination, motor vehicle safety, safer
workplaces, control of infectious diseases, decline deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke,
safe and healthier foods, healthier mothers and babies, family planning, fluoridation of drinking
water, recognition of tobacco as a health hazard
incidence rate correct answers number of new cases of a disease in a year over the number of
people in the at risk population; development of new cases of the disease in previously disease
free individuals
P.E.R.I.E. correct answers problem, etiology, recommendations, implementation, evaluation
describe the problem correct answers burden of disease; morbidity and mortality