PRN1409 Exam 1 Review Questions
and Answers 2026 – Surgical
Environment & OR Design Complete
Q&A Guide
Prepare for Exam 1 with this complete 1409 surgical review.
Covers operating room design, infection control, sterile
environments, equipment, and roles with structured questions,
answers, and explanations.
Page 1 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
, Accreditation & Surgical Environment
1. What is the process where professionals evaluate healthcare practices and
outcomes?
✅
A) OSHA review
B) Joint Commission accreditation
C) Internal audit
D) Risk assessment
Answer: B
Explanation: The Joint Commission evaluates quality, safety, and patient care standards.
2. What is the main objective of surgical department design?
A) Profit
B) Infection control
C) Staffing
D) Equipment storage
Answer: B
3. Which areas are separated to reduce infection risk?
A) Patient and staff
B) Clean and contaminated
C) Public and private
D) Surgical and admin
Answer: B
4. What type of engineering governs OR systems (gas, lighting, circuits)?
A) Structural
B) Mechanical
C) Environmental
D) Chemical
Answer: C
5. Which is NOT a core OR design principle?
A) Infection control
B) Traffic patterns
C) Personnel policies
D) Safety
Page 2 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
, Answer: C
6. What creates boundaries between clean and contaminated zones?
✅
A) Walls
B) Traffic patterns
C) Equipment
D) Staff
Answer: B
7. Where are instruments cleaned and disinfected?
A) OR
B) Central core
C) PACU
D) Scrub room
Answer: B
8. What is the primary accreditation body for healthcare facilities?
A) CDC
B) Joint Commission
C) WHO
D) OSHA
Surgical Areas & Attire
9. Clean utility room classification:
A) Restricted
B) Semirestricted
C) Unrestricted
D) Sterile
10. Required attire for restricted area:
A) Scrubs only
B) Full surgical attire (cap, mask, scrub suit)
C) Street clothes
D) Gloves only
Page 3 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
, 11. Floor plans ensure efficiency and:
✅
A) Profit
B) Infection control
C) Staffing
D) Budgeting
Environmental Controls
12. OR air pressure is maintained:
A) Lower than outside
B) Equal
C) 10% higher
D) Random
13. When OR door opens, air flows:
A) Into room
B) Out of room due to positive pressure
C) No movement
D) Downward
14. Acceptable OR humidity range:
A) 10–20%
B) 20–60%
C) 60–80%
D) 80–100%
15. Air entering OR is:
A) Recycled only
B) Fresh + existing air
C) Contaminated
D) Dry only
16. HEPA filters remove particles ≥:
A) 1.0 µm
B) 0.3 µm
C) 5.0 µm
D) 10 µm
Equipment & Rooms
Page 4 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
and Answers 2026 – Surgical
Environment & OR Design Complete
Q&A Guide
Prepare for Exam 1 with this complete 1409 surgical review.
Covers operating room design, infection control, sterile
environments, equipment, and roles with structured questions,
answers, and explanations.
Page 1 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
, Accreditation & Surgical Environment
1. What is the process where professionals evaluate healthcare practices and
outcomes?
✅
A) OSHA review
B) Joint Commission accreditation
C) Internal audit
D) Risk assessment
Answer: B
Explanation: The Joint Commission evaluates quality, safety, and patient care standards.
2. What is the main objective of surgical department design?
A) Profit
B) Infection control
C) Staffing
D) Equipment storage
Answer: B
3. Which areas are separated to reduce infection risk?
A) Patient and staff
B) Clean and contaminated
C) Public and private
D) Surgical and admin
Answer: B
4. What type of engineering governs OR systems (gas, lighting, circuits)?
A) Structural
B) Mechanical
C) Environmental
D) Chemical
Answer: C
5. Which is NOT a core OR design principle?
A) Infection control
B) Traffic patterns
C) Personnel policies
D) Safety
Page 2 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
, Answer: C
6. What creates boundaries between clean and contaminated zones?
✅
A) Walls
B) Traffic patterns
C) Equipment
D) Staff
Answer: B
7. Where are instruments cleaned and disinfected?
A) OR
B) Central core
C) PACU
D) Scrub room
Answer: B
8. What is the primary accreditation body for healthcare facilities?
A) CDC
B) Joint Commission
C) WHO
D) OSHA
Surgical Areas & Attire
9. Clean utility room classification:
A) Restricted
B) Semirestricted
C) Unrestricted
D) Sterile
10. Required attire for restricted area:
A) Scrubs only
B) Full surgical attire (cap, mask, scrub suit)
C) Street clothes
D) Gloves only
Page 3 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
, 11. Floor plans ensure efficiency and:
✅
A) Profit
B) Infection control
C) Staffing
D) Budgeting
Environmental Controls
12. OR air pressure is maintained:
A) Lower than outside
B) Equal
C) 10% higher
D) Random
13. When OR door opens, air flows:
A) Into room
B) Out of room due to positive pressure
C) No movement
D) Downward
14. Acceptable OR humidity range:
A) 10–20%
B) 20–60%
C) 60–80%
D) 80–100%
15. Air entering OR is:
A) Recycled only
B) Fresh + existing air
C) Contaminated
D) Dry only
16. HEPA filters remove particles ≥:
A) 1.0 µm
B) 0.3 µm
C) 5.0 µm
D) 10 µm
Equipment & Rooms
Page 4 of 96 3/21/2026, 6:54:41 PM
