CSCI 1010 - INTRODUCTION TO
PROGRAMMING I FINAL EXAM NOTES
CPU---central-processing-unit---ans-✔✔executes-the-instructions-in-aprogram
RAM---random-access-memory---ans-✔✔random-access-memory
Main-memory---ans-✔✔stores-instructions-and-data-for-running-programs
Bit---ans-✔✔binary-digit
Byte---ans-✔✔8-bits
File---ans-✔✔A-collection-of-information-saved-as-a-unit.
OS---operating-system---ans-✔✔program-that-manages-the-hardware-andthe-execution-
of-other-programs
Interpreter---ans-✔✔Translates-and-executes-partsof-a-program-at-the-same-time
Source-Code---ans-✔✔computer-code-as-written-by-humans-and-understandable-by-
humans
Bytecode---ans-✔✔Compiled-Java-source-code.
Statement---ans-✔✔stores-a-value-in-a-variable
Variable---ans-✔✔used-to-store-a-value-such-as-a-number-or-text
Expression---ans-✔✔Equation-
totalEggs-=-numberOfBaskets-*-eggsPerBasket;-//-sets-totalEggs-to-10-*-6
Hardware---ans-✔✔Physical-machine
Software---ans-✔✔refers-to-the-programs-that-are-available-to-run-on-acomputer-system
Machine/low-level-language---ans-✔✔is-an-encoding-of-instructions-that-can-be-executed-
directly-by-the-computer
, Programming/high-level-language---ans-✔✔Is-easier-for-humans-tounderstand
Compiler---ans-✔✔translates-a-program-from-a-high-level-language-to-a-low-level-
language
Algorithm---ans-✔✔set-of-directions-for-solving-a-problem
Syntax-error---ans-✔✔grammatical-mistake-in-a-program
Runtime-error---ans-✔✔An-error-that-does-not-occur-until-the-program-has-started-to-
execute-but-that-prevents-the-program-from-continuing.
Logic-error---ans-✔✔When-a-program-performs-an-unintended-operation
float---ans-✔✔4-byte-floating-number
double---ans-✔✔8-byte-floating-number
int---ans-✔✔integer-number
char---ans-✔✔single-character
char-grade-=-'A';-//-Stores-the-character-'A'-in-the-variable-'grade'.
boolean---ans-✔✔logical-value-of-true-or-false
Identifier---ans-✔✔name-used-by-a-programming-language-to-represent-a-variable,-
amethod,-or-a-class
Constant-(or-literal)---ans-✔✔A-value-that-does-not-change
answer-=-42;-//-42-is-an-integer-literal
firstInitial-=-'B';-//-'B'-is-a-character-literal
price-=-12.50;-//-12.50-is-a-floating-point-literal
bigNum-=-8.65e8;-//-same-as-865000000.0
smallNum-=-4.83e-4;-//-same-as-0.000483
done-=-true;-//-true-is-a-boolean-literal
Named-constants---ans-✔✔public-static-final-double-PI-=-3.14159;
Type-Cast---ans-✔✔changes-the-data-type-of-a-value-from-its-normal-type-to-another-type
double-myDouble-=-9.78d;-
int-myInt-=-(int)-myDouble;
String---ans-✔✔a-sequence-of-characters-surrounded-by-double-quotes
String-greeting-=-"Hello!";System.out.println(greeting);
PROGRAMMING I FINAL EXAM NOTES
CPU---central-processing-unit---ans-✔✔executes-the-instructions-in-aprogram
RAM---random-access-memory---ans-✔✔random-access-memory
Main-memory---ans-✔✔stores-instructions-and-data-for-running-programs
Bit---ans-✔✔binary-digit
Byte---ans-✔✔8-bits
File---ans-✔✔A-collection-of-information-saved-as-a-unit.
OS---operating-system---ans-✔✔program-that-manages-the-hardware-andthe-execution-
of-other-programs
Interpreter---ans-✔✔Translates-and-executes-partsof-a-program-at-the-same-time
Source-Code---ans-✔✔computer-code-as-written-by-humans-and-understandable-by-
humans
Bytecode---ans-✔✔Compiled-Java-source-code.
Statement---ans-✔✔stores-a-value-in-a-variable
Variable---ans-✔✔used-to-store-a-value-such-as-a-number-or-text
Expression---ans-✔✔Equation-
totalEggs-=-numberOfBaskets-*-eggsPerBasket;-//-sets-totalEggs-to-10-*-6
Hardware---ans-✔✔Physical-machine
Software---ans-✔✔refers-to-the-programs-that-are-available-to-run-on-acomputer-system
Machine/low-level-language---ans-✔✔is-an-encoding-of-instructions-that-can-be-executed-
directly-by-the-computer
, Programming/high-level-language---ans-✔✔Is-easier-for-humans-tounderstand
Compiler---ans-✔✔translates-a-program-from-a-high-level-language-to-a-low-level-
language
Algorithm---ans-✔✔set-of-directions-for-solving-a-problem
Syntax-error---ans-✔✔grammatical-mistake-in-a-program
Runtime-error---ans-✔✔An-error-that-does-not-occur-until-the-program-has-started-to-
execute-but-that-prevents-the-program-from-continuing.
Logic-error---ans-✔✔When-a-program-performs-an-unintended-operation
float---ans-✔✔4-byte-floating-number
double---ans-✔✔8-byte-floating-number
int---ans-✔✔integer-number
char---ans-✔✔single-character
char-grade-=-'A';-//-Stores-the-character-'A'-in-the-variable-'grade'.
boolean---ans-✔✔logical-value-of-true-or-false
Identifier---ans-✔✔name-used-by-a-programming-language-to-represent-a-variable,-
amethod,-or-a-class
Constant-(or-literal)---ans-✔✔A-value-that-does-not-change
answer-=-42;-//-42-is-an-integer-literal
firstInitial-=-'B';-//-'B'-is-a-character-literal
price-=-12.50;-//-12.50-is-a-floating-point-literal
bigNum-=-8.65e8;-//-same-as-865000000.0
smallNum-=-4.83e-4;-//-same-as-0.000483
done-=-true;-//-true-is-a-boolean-literal
Named-constants---ans-✔✔public-static-final-double-PI-=-3.14159;
Type-Cast---ans-✔✔changes-the-data-type-of-a-value-from-its-normal-type-to-another-type
double-myDouble-=-9.78d;-
int-myInt-=-(int)-myDouble;
String---ans-✔✔a-sequence-of-characters-surrounded-by-double-quotes
String-greeting-=-"Hello!";System.out.println(greeting);
