Maryville NURS 611 patho
exam 1 LATEST QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
100% GUARANTEED PASS
What is sarcopenia? - correct answer muscular atrophy: degenerative skeletal muscle loss
how fast it happens depends on nature/nurture
What happens when "stiffness" or "rigidity" of systems occur with aging? - correct answer 1-
peripheral vascular resistance increases (HTN)
2- decreased production of hydrochloric acid (HCL) and delayed stomach emptying (decrease in
appetite)
3- decreased immune response to T-dependent antigens
What happens with fluid and electrolytes with aging? - correct answer 1- total body potassium
concentration decreases because of decreased cellular mass
2- the decreased cellular mass is accompanied by an increased extracellular compartment
leading to an increased sodium/potassium ratio
What is an aneuploid cell? - correct answer those that do not contain a multiple of 23
chromosomes
,What makes a trisomic cell? - correct answer an aneuploid cell containing three copies of one
chromosome (Trisomy 21, 18)
What is a well known example of aneuploidy? - correct answer trisomy 21 (down syndrome)
What is trisomy 21 or down syndrome known for? - correct answer IQ between 25-70
low nasal bridge
protruding tongue
flat, low set ears
What is the definition of penetrance? - correct answer The percentage of individuals with a
specific genotype who also express the expected phenotype
What is Imcomplete Penetrance? - correct answer individuals who have a disease-causing allele
may not exhibit that expected phenotype at all, even though the allele and the associated
disease may be transmitted to the next generation
What is Huntington's disease and what are the main features? - correct answer 1-A well-known
autosomal dominant condition
2- progressive dementia and increasingly uncontrollable movements of the limbs
When does Huntington's disease appear? - correct answer not usually seen until 40 y/o or later
due to this, Huntington's disease
what is an example of a age-dependent penetrance? - correct answer Huntington disease
What do most genetic diseases exhibit? - correct answer variable expressivity
, What is the definition of Expressivity? - correct answer the extent of variation in the phenotype
associated with a particular genotype
If the expressivity of a disease is variable, how is penetrance affected? - correct answer
penetrance may be complete, but the severity of the disease can vary
What is a well-known example of variable expressivity in an autosomal dominant disease? -
correct answer Type 1 neurofibromatosis or Von Recklinghausen disease
How does the expression of Recklinghausen disease gene express itself? - correct answer Can
vary from a few harmless cafe-au-lait spots on the skin to malignant tumors, scoliosis, seizures,
gliomas, hypertension, learning disabilities, and neuromas
Cystic fibrosis is caused by what type of gene? - correct answer autosomal recessive
Who does cystic fibrosis affect most? - correct answer white children-most lethal autosomal
recessive disease
How does someone get cystic fibrosis? - correct answer the individual must be homozygous for
a recessive allele to express the disease (both parents have to have the allele)
What happens if a person is a carrier for cystic fibrosis? - correct answer 1- usually the carriers
are phenotypically normal
2- most recessive alleles are maintained in normal carriers; they are able to survive in the
populations from one generation to the next
What form of gene accounts for approximately 5% of breast cancer? - correct answer autosomal
dominant form
exam 1 LATEST QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
100% GUARANTEED PASS
What is sarcopenia? - correct answer muscular atrophy: degenerative skeletal muscle loss
how fast it happens depends on nature/nurture
What happens when "stiffness" or "rigidity" of systems occur with aging? - correct answer 1-
peripheral vascular resistance increases (HTN)
2- decreased production of hydrochloric acid (HCL) and delayed stomach emptying (decrease in
appetite)
3- decreased immune response to T-dependent antigens
What happens with fluid and electrolytes with aging? - correct answer 1- total body potassium
concentration decreases because of decreased cellular mass
2- the decreased cellular mass is accompanied by an increased extracellular compartment
leading to an increased sodium/potassium ratio
What is an aneuploid cell? - correct answer those that do not contain a multiple of 23
chromosomes
,What makes a trisomic cell? - correct answer an aneuploid cell containing three copies of one
chromosome (Trisomy 21, 18)
What is a well known example of aneuploidy? - correct answer trisomy 21 (down syndrome)
What is trisomy 21 or down syndrome known for? - correct answer IQ between 25-70
low nasal bridge
protruding tongue
flat, low set ears
What is the definition of penetrance? - correct answer The percentage of individuals with a
specific genotype who also express the expected phenotype
What is Imcomplete Penetrance? - correct answer individuals who have a disease-causing allele
may not exhibit that expected phenotype at all, even though the allele and the associated
disease may be transmitted to the next generation
What is Huntington's disease and what are the main features? - correct answer 1-A well-known
autosomal dominant condition
2- progressive dementia and increasingly uncontrollable movements of the limbs
When does Huntington's disease appear? - correct answer not usually seen until 40 y/o or later
due to this, Huntington's disease
what is an example of a age-dependent penetrance? - correct answer Huntington disease
What do most genetic diseases exhibit? - correct answer variable expressivity
, What is the definition of Expressivity? - correct answer the extent of variation in the phenotype
associated with a particular genotype
If the expressivity of a disease is variable, how is penetrance affected? - correct answer
penetrance may be complete, but the severity of the disease can vary
What is a well-known example of variable expressivity in an autosomal dominant disease? -
correct answer Type 1 neurofibromatosis or Von Recklinghausen disease
How does the expression of Recklinghausen disease gene express itself? - correct answer Can
vary from a few harmless cafe-au-lait spots on the skin to malignant tumors, scoliosis, seizures,
gliomas, hypertension, learning disabilities, and neuromas
Cystic fibrosis is caused by what type of gene? - correct answer autosomal recessive
Who does cystic fibrosis affect most? - correct answer white children-most lethal autosomal
recessive disease
How does someone get cystic fibrosis? - correct answer the individual must be homozygous for
a recessive allele to express the disease (both parents have to have the allele)
What happens if a person is a carrier for cystic fibrosis? - correct answer 1- usually the carriers
are phenotypically normal
2- most recessive alleles are maintained in normal carriers; they are able to survive in the
populations from one generation to the next
What form of gene accounts for approximately 5% of breast cancer? - correct answer autosomal
dominant form
