Cognitive Systems - Correct Answer interdisciplinary approach to understanding + designing systems
that think and act intelligently. System is cognitive if it "can think and act on what it thinks"
Natural Systems - Correct Answer cognitive systems of humans, animals and social groups. Living
organism intelligence and cognition
Artificial Systems - Correct Answer includes computers, robots, languages. Have something like human
intelligence, or interact with human intelligently. Use natural to build better artificial
Artificial Intelligence - Correct Answer Systems that think and act like humans and RATIONALLY
ACT-R - Correct Answer if situation is TRUE, THEN do X. Set of production rules mimicking how a person
would reason to perform tasks in that domain.
Ex. trace student performance by firing rules and do stepwise comparison
Turing test - Correct Answer A test proposed by Alan Turing in which a machine would be judged
"intelligent" if the software could use conversation to fool a human into thinking it was talking with a
person instead of a machine
Thinking Rationally - Correct Answer abstract ideal of intelligence rather than whatever humans
think/do. Need to think and perform an action
Acting Rationally - Correct Answer when human behaviour is not rational, systems are used for a more
cleanly defined path to the objective
Rational Acts - Correct Answer appropriate actions for goals and circumstances- flexible to changing
environments and goals; learn from experience; make appropriate choices given limitations and limited
resources
,Robots - Correct Answer artificial agents with a physical presence. Perception of and action in physical
environment, sensors and actuators
Intelligent Agents - Correct Answer without physical presence; software agents, desktop assistants, web
crawlers. Interact with environment but not physical
Representation and Reasoning (R&R) - Correct Answer AI goal to specify how a system can acquire and
represent knowledge about a domain (rep), and use that knowledge to solve problems (res)
Representation language - Correct Answer describes the environment and problems (questions/tasks)
to be solved. Best fit R&R depends on environ, type of problems, agent, etc.
Philosophy - Correct Answer to investigate fundamental truths about persons, relationships with each
other and the world we live in
Metaphysics - Correct Answer of what exists and how it exists
Esistemology - Correct Answer Study of knowledge
Axiology - Correct Answer study of value, ethics: study of right and wrong behaviour
Logic - Correct Answer the study of correct reasoning
Phil Methodology - Correct Answer Argumentation, analyzing concepts through intuition and thought
experiments
Psychology - Correct Answer Science of behaviour and mental processes
Aristotle - Correct Answer Mind-body dualism: mind is spiritual entity with no subject to physical laws
and Monism: product of physical events or chemical reactions in brain
, Sigmeund Freud - Correct Answer emphasized role of unconscious through processes and emotional
responses to childhood experiences
B.F. Skinner and John Watson - Correct Answer Behaviorism: study of observable behaviour without
reference to mental processes
Nervous system - Correct Answer cognitive mind is linked to nervous system/brain and regions are
constantly communicating. Not independent of environment as constantly updating according to it
Brain tissue - Correct Answer Neurons and gilal. Basic component of brain and communicates via
electrochemical signals
Intelligent Agents 2 - Correct Answer Artifacts that act rationally in given environment. Actions are
appropriate for goals, flexible to change, learn from experience and can make choices given limitations
Static Problem Type - Correct Answer finding a solution does NOT involve reasoning into future. Time is
ignored and is a 1 step solution
Sequential Problem Type - Correct Answer finding a solution requires looking for a # of steps into the
future
Constraint satisfaction - Correct Answer the tendency to settle on a solution that satisfies as many
constraints as possible in order to achieve the best fit to the data
Answering query - Correct Answer given proposition true/likely is given what is known, static
Planning - Correct Answer sequence of actions to reach goal and maximize outcome, sequential
Stochastic - Correct Answer if sensing uncertainty: agent cannot fully observe current state of the
world. If there's effect uncertainty: agent does not know for sure immediate effects of its actions
that think and act intelligently. System is cognitive if it "can think and act on what it thinks"
Natural Systems - Correct Answer cognitive systems of humans, animals and social groups. Living
organism intelligence and cognition
Artificial Systems - Correct Answer includes computers, robots, languages. Have something like human
intelligence, or interact with human intelligently. Use natural to build better artificial
Artificial Intelligence - Correct Answer Systems that think and act like humans and RATIONALLY
ACT-R - Correct Answer if situation is TRUE, THEN do X. Set of production rules mimicking how a person
would reason to perform tasks in that domain.
Ex. trace student performance by firing rules and do stepwise comparison
Turing test - Correct Answer A test proposed by Alan Turing in which a machine would be judged
"intelligent" if the software could use conversation to fool a human into thinking it was talking with a
person instead of a machine
Thinking Rationally - Correct Answer abstract ideal of intelligence rather than whatever humans
think/do. Need to think and perform an action
Acting Rationally - Correct Answer when human behaviour is not rational, systems are used for a more
cleanly defined path to the objective
Rational Acts - Correct Answer appropriate actions for goals and circumstances- flexible to changing
environments and goals; learn from experience; make appropriate choices given limitations and limited
resources
,Robots - Correct Answer artificial agents with a physical presence. Perception of and action in physical
environment, sensors and actuators
Intelligent Agents - Correct Answer without physical presence; software agents, desktop assistants, web
crawlers. Interact with environment but not physical
Representation and Reasoning (R&R) - Correct Answer AI goal to specify how a system can acquire and
represent knowledge about a domain (rep), and use that knowledge to solve problems (res)
Representation language - Correct Answer describes the environment and problems (questions/tasks)
to be solved. Best fit R&R depends on environ, type of problems, agent, etc.
Philosophy - Correct Answer to investigate fundamental truths about persons, relationships with each
other and the world we live in
Metaphysics - Correct Answer of what exists and how it exists
Esistemology - Correct Answer Study of knowledge
Axiology - Correct Answer study of value, ethics: study of right and wrong behaviour
Logic - Correct Answer the study of correct reasoning
Phil Methodology - Correct Answer Argumentation, analyzing concepts through intuition and thought
experiments
Psychology - Correct Answer Science of behaviour and mental processes
Aristotle - Correct Answer Mind-body dualism: mind is spiritual entity with no subject to physical laws
and Monism: product of physical events or chemical reactions in brain
, Sigmeund Freud - Correct Answer emphasized role of unconscious through processes and emotional
responses to childhood experiences
B.F. Skinner and John Watson - Correct Answer Behaviorism: study of observable behaviour without
reference to mental processes
Nervous system - Correct Answer cognitive mind is linked to nervous system/brain and regions are
constantly communicating. Not independent of environment as constantly updating according to it
Brain tissue - Correct Answer Neurons and gilal. Basic component of brain and communicates via
electrochemical signals
Intelligent Agents 2 - Correct Answer Artifacts that act rationally in given environment. Actions are
appropriate for goals, flexible to change, learn from experience and can make choices given limitations
Static Problem Type - Correct Answer finding a solution does NOT involve reasoning into future. Time is
ignored and is a 1 step solution
Sequential Problem Type - Correct Answer finding a solution requires looking for a # of steps into the
future
Constraint satisfaction - Correct Answer the tendency to settle on a solution that satisfies as many
constraints as possible in order to achieve the best fit to the data
Answering query - Correct Answer given proposition true/likely is given what is known, static
Planning - Correct Answer sequence of actions to reach goal and maximize outcome, sequential
Stochastic - Correct Answer if sensing uncertainty: agent cannot fully observe current state of the
world. If there's effect uncertainty: agent does not know for sure immediate effects of its actions
