ATI PN NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN EXAM
PREP 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
COMPLETE SOLUTION RESOURCE
▶ A client presents with an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. Which prescribed
medication does the nurse prepare to administer?
A) Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron)
B) Baclofen (Lioresal)
C) Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
D) Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) Answer: C
Methylprednisolone is the drug of choice for acute exacerbations of the disease. The
other medications are not appropriate.
▶ The nurse is assessing a client's understanding of his hypertension therapy. What
client statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "When my blood pressure is normal, I will no longer need to take medication."
B) "If my blood pressure stays under control, I will reduce my risk for a heart attack."
C) "If I lose weight, I might be able to reduce my blood pressure medication."
D) "When getting out of bed in the morning, I will sit for a few moments then stand."
Answer: A
Compliance with antihypertensive therapy is difficult for two reasons. First, often clients
have no distressing symptoms associated with hypertension and may not believe that
they have a problem. Second, many clients believe that once blood pressure is brought
back into the normal range, they are "cured" and no longer need to take medication.
Losing weight might allow the client to reduce medications. Lowering blood pressure
does lower risk for heart attack. Because blood pressure medications often lead to
orthostatic hypotension, clients should be taught to change position slowly, sitting first
before standing after lying flat.
▶ Which of the following would be included in the assessment of a patient with diabetes
mellitus who is experiencing a hypoglycemic reaction? (Select all that apply.)
A) Constricted pupils
B) Flushed skin
C) Tremors
D) Nervousness
E) Extreme thirst
F) Profuse perspiration Answer: C,D,F
,When hypoglycemia occurs, blood glucose levels fall, resulting in sympathetic nervous
system responses such as tremors, nervousness, and profuse perspiration. Dilated
pupils would also occur, not constricted pupils. Extreme thirst, flushed skin, and
constricted pupils are consistent with hyperglycemia.
▶ A client who has had a stroke with left-sided hemiparesis has been referred to a
rehabilitation center. The client asks, "Why do I need rehabilitation?" How does the
nurse respond?
A) "Rehabilitation will reverse any physical deficits caused by the stroke."
B) "Rehabilitation will help you function at the highest level possible."
C) "If you do not have rehabilitation, you may never walk again."
D) "Your doctor knows best and has ordered this treatment for you." Answer: B
The goal of rehabilitation is to maximize the client's abilities in all aspects of life. The
other responses do not answer the client's question appropriately.
▶ The nurse is monitoring a client with hypoglycemia. Glucagon provides which
function?
A) It enhances the activity of insulin, restoring blood glucose levels to normal more
quickly after a high-calorie meal.
B) It prevents hypoglycemia by promoting release of glucose from liver storage sites.
C) It is a storage form of glucose and can be broken down for energy when blood
glucose levels are low.
D) It converts excess glucose into glycogen, lowering blood glucose levels in times of
excess. Answer: B
Glycogen is a counterregulatory hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas
when blood glucose levels are low. The actions of glycogen that raise blood glucose
levels include stimulating the liver to break down glycogen (glycogenolysis) and forming
new glucose from protein breakdown (gluconeogenesis). The other statements are not
accurate descriptions of the actions of glucagon.
▶ A client has a deep wound covered with a wet-to-damp dressing. Which intervention
does the nurse include on this client's care plan?
A) Apply a new dressing when the seal breaks and the dressing leaks.
B) Change the dressing when the current dressing is saturated.
C) Leave the dressing intact until next week.
D) Change the dressing every 6 hours around the clock. Answer: D
Wet-to-damp dressings are changed every 4 to 6 hours to provide maximum
débridement. Synthetic dressings can be left in place for extended periods of time but
need to be changed if the seal breaks and the exudate is leaking. Dry gauze dressings
should be changed when the outer layer becomes saturated.
,▶ A client is hospitalized with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which clinical manifestation
alerts the nurse to the possibility of a complication from the UTI?
A) Hematuria
B) Fever and chills
C) Cloudy, dark urine
D) Burning on urination Answer: B
Lower urinary tract infections are rarely associated with systemic symptoms of fever and
chills. A client with a UTI who develops fever and chills should be assessed for the
development of pyelonephritis. The other options can be seen with UTI.
▶ The nurse observes a small opening that is draining purulent material on the skin
over the trochanter area of a bedridden client. Which is the nurse's next best action?
A) Probe for a larger pocket of necrotic tissue.
B) Apply alginate dressing daily.
C) Apply a transparent film dressing.
D) Measure the reddened area on the skin surface. Answer: A
This "hidden" wound may first be observed as a small opening in the skin through which
purulent drainage exudes. Applying a transparent film dressing would not help this type
of wound to heal. Measuring the reddened area would not assist in determining the
actual size of the wound, because internal damage has occurred. Alginate dressings
could not be applied if the area were not opened.
▶ When reviewing an older client's medical record, which findings lead the nurse to
perform a nutrition assessment? (Select all that apply.)
A) Widow/widower status
B) Chronic constipation
C) Cholecystectomy 4 years ago
D) Random blood sugar level of 198 mg/dL
E) History of depression
F) Inability to afford a new pair of glasses Answer: A,B,E,F
Many factors contribute to malnutrition in older clients. Depression and loneliness from
the loss of a spouse; constipation; poor eyesight; chronic medical problems, including
depression; and taking prescription and/or over-the-counter medications can contribute
to malnutrition. Blood glucose levels and a previous cholecystectomy would not
necessarily contribute.
▶ The nurse is caring for a female client who is 5 feet, 7 inches tall and weighs 115
pounds. The client asks the nurse if she needs to lose weight. Which response by the
nurse is best?
, A) "No. In fact, your body mass index suggests that you are already underweight."
B) "Yes. Your body mass index suggests you are slightly overweight."
C) "Your weight is just fine. Don't worry about it."
D) "Maybe. Let's look at your risks for cardiovascular disease." Answer: A
The client's body mass index (BMI) is 18.0, so she is already underweight. It is
inaccurate to tell the client she is overweight, and it is unnecessary to consider her
weight in light of any cardiovascular risk factors. The nurse should not reassure the
client that her weight is just fine because she is underweight.
▶ A client who has type 2 diabetes is prescribed glipizide (Glucotrol). Which
precautions does the nurse include in the teaching plan related to this medication?
A) "Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs."
B) "Change positions slowly when you get up."
C) "If you miss a dose of this drug, you can double the next dose."
D) "Discontinue the medication if you develop an infection." Answer: A
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs potentiate the hypoglycemic effects of
sulfonylurea agents. Glipizide is a sulfonylurea. The other statements are not applicable
to glipizide.
▶ The nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke. Which nursing intervention does the
nurse implement during the first 72 hours to prevent complications?
A) Position with the head of the bed flat to enhance cerebral perfusion.
B) Monitor neurologic and vital signs closely to identify early changes in status.
C) Administer prescribed analgesics to promote pain relief.
D) Cluster nursing procedures together to avoid fatiguing the client. Answer: B
Early detection of neurologic, blood pressure, and heart rhythm changes offers an
opportunity to intervene in a timely fashion. Evidence is not yet sufficient to recommend
a specific back rest elevation after stroke. Analgesics are often held during the first 72
hours to ensure that the client's neurologic status is not altered by pain medications.
Preventing fatigue is not a priority in the first 72 hours.
▶ A client with diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine once daily and regular insulin four
times daily. One dose of regular insulin is scheduled at the same time as the glargine.
How does the nurse instruct the client to administer the two doses of insulin?
A) "Draw up and inject the insulin glargine first, then draw up and inject the regular
insulin."
B) "First draw up the dose of regular insulin, then draw up the dose of insulin glargine in
the same syringe, mix, and inject the two insulins together."
PREP 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
COMPLETE SOLUTION RESOURCE
▶ A client presents with an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. Which prescribed
medication does the nurse prepare to administer?
A) Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron)
B) Baclofen (Lioresal)
C) Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
D) Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) Answer: C
Methylprednisolone is the drug of choice for acute exacerbations of the disease. The
other medications are not appropriate.
▶ The nurse is assessing a client's understanding of his hypertension therapy. What
client statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "When my blood pressure is normal, I will no longer need to take medication."
B) "If my blood pressure stays under control, I will reduce my risk for a heart attack."
C) "If I lose weight, I might be able to reduce my blood pressure medication."
D) "When getting out of bed in the morning, I will sit for a few moments then stand."
Answer: A
Compliance with antihypertensive therapy is difficult for two reasons. First, often clients
have no distressing symptoms associated with hypertension and may not believe that
they have a problem. Second, many clients believe that once blood pressure is brought
back into the normal range, they are "cured" and no longer need to take medication.
Losing weight might allow the client to reduce medications. Lowering blood pressure
does lower risk for heart attack. Because blood pressure medications often lead to
orthostatic hypotension, clients should be taught to change position slowly, sitting first
before standing after lying flat.
▶ Which of the following would be included in the assessment of a patient with diabetes
mellitus who is experiencing a hypoglycemic reaction? (Select all that apply.)
A) Constricted pupils
B) Flushed skin
C) Tremors
D) Nervousness
E) Extreme thirst
F) Profuse perspiration Answer: C,D,F
,When hypoglycemia occurs, blood glucose levels fall, resulting in sympathetic nervous
system responses such as tremors, nervousness, and profuse perspiration. Dilated
pupils would also occur, not constricted pupils. Extreme thirst, flushed skin, and
constricted pupils are consistent with hyperglycemia.
▶ A client who has had a stroke with left-sided hemiparesis has been referred to a
rehabilitation center. The client asks, "Why do I need rehabilitation?" How does the
nurse respond?
A) "Rehabilitation will reverse any physical deficits caused by the stroke."
B) "Rehabilitation will help you function at the highest level possible."
C) "If you do not have rehabilitation, you may never walk again."
D) "Your doctor knows best and has ordered this treatment for you." Answer: B
The goal of rehabilitation is to maximize the client's abilities in all aspects of life. The
other responses do not answer the client's question appropriately.
▶ The nurse is monitoring a client with hypoglycemia. Glucagon provides which
function?
A) It enhances the activity of insulin, restoring blood glucose levels to normal more
quickly after a high-calorie meal.
B) It prevents hypoglycemia by promoting release of glucose from liver storage sites.
C) It is a storage form of glucose and can be broken down for energy when blood
glucose levels are low.
D) It converts excess glucose into glycogen, lowering blood glucose levels in times of
excess. Answer: B
Glycogen is a counterregulatory hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas
when blood glucose levels are low. The actions of glycogen that raise blood glucose
levels include stimulating the liver to break down glycogen (glycogenolysis) and forming
new glucose from protein breakdown (gluconeogenesis). The other statements are not
accurate descriptions of the actions of glucagon.
▶ A client has a deep wound covered with a wet-to-damp dressing. Which intervention
does the nurse include on this client's care plan?
A) Apply a new dressing when the seal breaks and the dressing leaks.
B) Change the dressing when the current dressing is saturated.
C) Leave the dressing intact until next week.
D) Change the dressing every 6 hours around the clock. Answer: D
Wet-to-damp dressings are changed every 4 to 6 hours to provide maximum
débridement. Synthetic dressings can be left in place for extended periods of time but
need to be changed if the seal breaks and the exudate is leaking. Dry gauze dressings
should be changed when the outer layer becomes saturated.
,▶ A client is hospitalized with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which clinical manifestation
alerts the nurse to the possibility of a complication from the UTI?
A) Hematuria
B) Fever and chills
C) Cloudy, dark urine
D) Burning on urination Answer: B
Lower urinary tract infections are rarely associated with systemic symptoms of fever and
chills. A client with a UTI who develops fever and chills should be assessed for the
development of pyelonephritis. The other options can be seen with UTI.
▶ The nurse observes a small opening that is draining purulent material on the skin
over the trochanter area of a bedridden client. Which is the nurse's next best action?
A) Probe for a larger pocket of necrotic tissue.
B) Apply alginate dressing daily.
C) Apply a transparent film dressing.
D) Measure the reddened area on the skin surface. Answer: A
This "hidden" wound may first be observed as a small opening in the skin through which
purulent drainage exudes. Applying a transparent film dressing would not help this type
of wound to heal. Measuring the reddened area would not assist in determining the
actual size of the wound, because internal damage has occurred. Alginate dressings
could not be applied if the area were not opened.
▶ When reviewing an older client's medical record, which findings lead the nurse to
perform a nutrition assessment? (Select all that apply.)
A) Widow/widower status
B) Chronic constipation
C) Cholecystectomy 4 years ago
D) Random blood sugar level of 198 mg/dL
E) History of depression
F) Inability to afford a new pair of glasses Answer: A,B,E,F
Many factors contribute to malnutrition in older clients. Depression and loneliness from
the loss of a spouse; constipation; poor eyesight; chronic medical problems, including
depression; and taking prescription and/or over-the-counter medications can contribute
to malnutrition. Blood glucose levels and a previous cholecystectomy would not
necessarily contribute.
▶ The nurse is caring for a female client who is 5 feet, 7 inches tall and weighs 115
pounds. The client asks the nurse if she needs to lose weight. Which response by the
nurse is best?
, A) "No. In fact, your body mass index suggests that you are already underweight."
B) "Yes. Your body mass index suggests you are slightly overweight."
C) "Your weight is just fine. Don't worry about it."
D) "Maybe. Let's look at your risks for cardiovascular disease." Answer: A
The client's body mass index (BMI) is 18.0, so she is already underweight. It is
inaccurate to tell the client she is overweight, and it is unnecessary to consider her
weight in light of any cardiovascular risk factors. The nurse should not reassure the
client that her weight is just fine because she is underweight.
▶ A client who has type 2 diabetes is prescribed glipizide (Glucotrol). Which
precautions does the nurse include in the teaching plan related to this medication?
A) "Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs."
B) "Change positions slowly when you get up."
C) "If you miss a dose of this drug, you can double the next dose."
D) "Discontinue the medication if you develop an infection." Answer: A
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs potentiate the hypoglycemic effects of
sulfonylurea agents. Glipizide is a sulfonylurea. The other statements are not applicable
to glipizide.
▶ The nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke. Which nursing intervention does the
nurse implement during the first 72 hours to prevent complications?
A) Position with the head of the bed flat to enhance cerebral perfusion.
B) Monitor neurologic and vital signs closely to identify early changes in status.
C) Administer prescribed analgesics to promote pain relief.
D) Cluster nursing procedures together to avoid fatiguing the client. Answer: B
Early detection of neurologic, blood pressure, and heart rhythm changes offers an
opportunity to intervene in a timely fashion. Evidence is not yet sufficient to recommend
a specific back rest elevation after stroke. Analgesics are often held during the first 72
hours to ensure that the client's neurologic status is not altered by pain medications.
Preventing fatigue is not a priority in the first 72 hours.
▶ A client with diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine once daily and regular insulin four
times daily. One dose of regular insulin is scheduled at the same time as the glargine.
How does the nurse instruct the client to administer the two doses of insulin?
A) "Draw up and inject the insulin glargine first, then draw up and inject the regular
insulin."
B) "First draw up the dose of regular insulin, then draw up the dose of insulin glargine in
the same syringe, mix, and inject the two insulins together."
