NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM WITH PROFESSOR VERIFIED
ANSWERS
how does hyperinflation occur? - answer-the
ongoing inflammatory process of asthma
produces mucus and pus plug that the
bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar - answer--
expanded thorax and hypercapnia (retention of
CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for
asthma - answer-tiotropium and ipratropium
Asthma - answer-Chronic disease due to
bronchoconstriction and an excessive
inflammatory response in the bronchioles
,What are 5 s/s of asthma - answer-coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - answer--airway
inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity and
smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles - answer-smaller passageways that
originate from the bronchi that become the
alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles - answer-innermost
layer
,middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria - answer-the middle layer of the
bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria - answer-
embedded with connective tissue cells and
immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria - answer-white
blood cells are present to help protect the
airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in
regards to asthma - answer-the WBCs protective
feature goes into overdrive causing an
inflammatory response that damages host tissue
, What does the innermost layer of the
bronchioles contain - answer-columnar
epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the
bronchioles contain - answer-smooth muscle
cells
what does the outermost layer of the
bronchioles do - answer-control the airways
ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation - answer-When air is
unable to move out of the alveolar like it should
due to bronchial walls collapsing around
possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? -
answer-These drugs block the effects of the
parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MIDTERM EXAM WITH PROFESSOR VERIFIED
ANSWERS
how does hyperinflation occur? - answer-the
ongoing inflammatory process of asthma
produces mucus and pus plug that the
bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar - answer--
expanded thorax and hypercapnia (retention of
CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for
asthma - answer-tiotropium and ipratropium
Asthma - answer-Chronic disease due to
bronchoconstriction and an excessive
inflammatory response in the bronchioles
,What are 5 s/s of asthma - answer-coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - answer--airway
inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity and
smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles - answer-smaller passageways that
originate from the bronchi that become the
alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles - answer-innermost
layer
,middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria - answer-the middle layer of the
bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria - answer-
embedded with connective tissue cells and
immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria - answer-white
blood cells are present to help protect the
airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in
regards to asthma - answer-the WBCs protective
feature goes into overdrive causing an
inflammatory response that damages host tissue
, What does the innermost layer of the
bronchioles contain - answer-columnar
epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the
bronchioles contain - answer-smooth muscle
cells
what does the outermost layer of the
bronchioles do - answer-control the airways
ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation - answer-When air is
unable to move out of the alveolar like it should
due to bronchial walls collapsing around
possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? -
answer-These drugs block the effects of the
parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
