BIOLOGY EXIT EXAM STUDY GUIDE REVIEW
1. observation: what is seen or measured
2. inference: a conclusion based on observation or evidence
3. hypothesis: a untested prediction
4. theory: a broad explanation of natural events that is supported by strong evidence
5. controlled experiment: compares the result of an experiment between two or more groups
6. experimental group: group being tested or receiving treatment
7. control group: a study or experiment that does not receive the treatment
8. placebo: a sugar pill or other "fake " treatment given to the control group so subjects don't know which group
they are in.
9. independent variable: variable that is being tested (plotted on x axis)
10. dependent variable: variable that is measured at the rn of experiment,results (plotted on y axis)
11. autotrophs: organism capable of synthesizing its own food
12. heterotrophs: an organisms that cannot manufacture its own food instead it obtains its food by taking in
organic substances
13. excretion: the process of eliminating or expelling wasted matter
14. nutrition: the process of by which a living organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and for the
replacement of tissue
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, 15. diffusion: movement of molecules from high to low concentrations which requires no energy.
16. active transport: molecules moving from low to high concentrations which requires use of energy
17. osmosis: the diffusion of water into or out of the cell
18. stomates: small holes that allow leaves to exchange the gases used in photosynthesis
19. guard cells: open and close the stomates
20. respiration: biochemical process in which organisms get energy by breaking the bonds of sugar mole-
cules(ATP)
21. aerobic respiration: process of producing cellular energy which requires oxygen
22. anaerobic respiration: producing cellular energy without oxygen
23. photosynthesis: the process where plants takes the radiant energy of the sun and puts it in the bonds of
sugar molecules
24. regulation: coordination and control of other life functions
25. stimulus: change in environment that you respond to
26. neuron: a specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses; nerve cell
27. impulse: an electrical signal carried by nerves
28. hormone: chemical signals secreted by ditterent glands in body.
29. receptor molecules: proteins on surface of cell membrane that receive signals from the nervous and
endocrine system
30. organic compounds: compounds that contain carbon
31. Carbohydrates: simplified sugars that supply energy
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1. observation: what is seen or measured
2. inference: a conclusion based on observation or evidence
3. hypothesis: a untested prediction
4. theory: a broad explanation of natural events that is supported by strong evidence
5. controlled experiment: compares the result of an experiment between two or more groups
6. experimental group: group being tested or receiving treatment
7. control group: a study or experiment that does not receive the treatment
8. placebo: a sugar pill or other "fake " treatment given to the control group so subjects don't know which group
they are in.
9. independent variable: variable that is being tested (plotted on x axis)
10. dependent variable: variable that is measured at the rn of experiment,results (plotted on y axis)
11. autotrophs: organism capable of synthesizing its own food
12. heterotrophs: an organisms that cannot manufacture its own food instead it obtains its food by taking in
organic substances
13. excretion: the process of eliminating or expelling wasted matter
14. nutrition: the process of by which a living organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and for the
replacement of tissue
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8
, 15. diffusion: movement of molecules from high to low concentrations which requires no energy.
16. active transport: molecules moving from low to high concentrations which requires use of energy
17. osmosis: the diffusion of water into or out of the cell
18. stomates: small holes that allow leaves to exchange the gases used in photosynthesis
19. guard cells: open and close the stomates
20. respiration: biochemical process in which organisms get energy by breaking the bonds of sugar mole-
cules(ATP)
21. aerobic respiration: process of producing cellular energy which requires oxygen
22. anaerobic respiration: producing cellular energy without oxygen
23. photosynthesis: the process where plants takes the radiant energy of the sun and puts it in the bonds of
sugar molecules
24. regulation: coordination and control of other life functions
25. stimulus: change in environment that you respond to
26. neuron: a specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses; nerve cell
27. impulse: an electrical signal carried by nerves
28. hormone: chemical signals secreted by ditterent glands in body.
29. receptor molecules: proteins on surface of cell membrane that receive signals from the nervous and
endocrine system
30. organic compounds: compounds that contain carbon
31. Carbohydrates: simplified sugars that supply energy
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