NR 464 FINAL SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
▶ Cause of Allergic Contact Dermatitis . Answer: Accelerators processing
chemicals.
▶ Cause of NRL Allergy IgE/histamine mediated . Answer: NRL proteins;
direct contact with or breathing NRL proteins, including glove powder
containing proteins, from powdered gloves or the environment.
▶ Prevention/Management for Irritant Contact Dermatitis . Answer: Obtain
medical diagnosis, avoid irritant product, consider use of cotton glove
liners, consider alternative gloves/products.
▶ Prevention/Management for Allergic Contact Dermatitis . Answer: Obtain
medical diagnosis, identify chemical. Consider use of glove liners such as
cotton. Use alternative glove material without chemical. Assure glove
material is suitable for intended use (proper barrier).
▶ Prevention/Management for NRL Allergy IgE/histamine mediated .
Answer: Obtain medical diagnosis, allergy consultation, subsitute non-NRL,
gloves for affected worker and other non-NRL products. Eliminate exposure
to glove powder - use of reduce protein, powder free gloves for coworkers.
Clean NRL-containing powder from environment. Consider NRL, safe
enviroment.
▶ (Prescription) po . Answer: From the Latin per os, or "by mouth" or
"orally"
▶ (Prescription) pr . Answer: From the Latin per rectum, or "by way of the
rectum," by suppository
▶ (Prescription) sl . Answer: sublingual (under the tongue)
▶ (Prescription) IV . Answer: intravenous
▶ (Prescription) IM . Answer: intramuscular (in the muscle)
,▶ (Prescription) SQ . Answer: short for subcutaneous (meaning under the
skin)
▶ (Prescription) qd . Answer: Every Day, from the Latin quaque die
▶ (Prescription) bid . Answer: Twice a Day, from the Latin his in die
▶ (Prescription) tid . Answer: Three Times a Day, from the Latin ter in die
▶ (Prescription) qid . Answer: Four Times a Day, from the Latin quater in
die
▶ (Prescription) pc . Answer: After meals or not on an empty stomach, from
the Latin post cibum
▶ (Prescription) qhs . Answer: Each night, from the Latin quaque hora
somni, or "at bedtime"
▶ (Prescription) prn . Answer: As needed, from the Latin pro re nata, "as
circumstances may require"
▶ The hear is: . Answer: A hollow muscular organ located in the thoracic
cavity between the lungs in a space called Mediastenum.
▶ The heart _____ is located at the level of the 2nd intercostal. . Answer:
Base
▶ The tip of the heart (_____) is located at the level of 5th intercostal and
mid-clavicular line on the left. . Answer: Apex
▶ Define Endocardium . Answer: The innermost layer of the heart. It is a
thin layer of epithelium very similar to vessels' endothelium, which covers
the inside part of the heart. It forms the lining and folds back onto itself to
form the heart valves and also covers the papillary muscles that anchor
chordae tendinae, strings of connective tissue that keep in place the AV
valves.
▶ The function of the Endocardium is: . Answer: To prevent blood cell
destruction and clotting.
,▶ The Endocardium is: . Answer: Also the layer in which the heart's
conduction system is embedded.
▶ Define Myocardium . Answer: The middle and contractile layer of the
heart.
▶ The Myocardium is made up of: . Answer: Special striated muscle fibers
with strong connection with each other (intercalated disks) and branches
that ensure a unified and simultaneous contraction of all muscle fibers.
There is a high concentration of calcium ions in the space between the
muscle fibers (interstitial space), which influences the force of the muscle
contraction.
▶ Define "Heart Skeleton" . Answer: Is made up of four rings of thick
connective tissue. These rings which surround the base of the heart and
large vessels, create the cardiac septum, and provide a solid connection
between the heart chambers and a strong attachment for the heart valves.
▶ Define Pericardium . Answer: The outermost layer of the heart. Attached
with ligaments to the spinal column and diaphragm fixing the heart in its
position. Built by two layers of connective tissue.
▶ The outer layer of the Pericardium is called: . Answer: Parietal
Pericardium
▶ The inner layer of the Pericardium is called: . Answer: Visceral
Pericardium or Epicardium
▶ The two layers of Pericardium are separated by: . Answer: A thin layer of
fluid to prevent friction. These layers and the fluid between them are
referred to as the pericardial sac.
▶ A structure in the middle of the heart called the _____, divided the heart
into two sides. . Answer: Septum
▶ The right side of the heart pumps _____ blood with low pressure from
the veins into the lungs (pulmonary circulation). . Answer: Deoxygenated
, ▶ The left side of the heart pumps _____ blood with high pressure (blood
pressure) toward the tissues through arteries (systemic circulations). .
Answer: Oxygenated
▶ The four chambers of the heart: . Answer: -Right Atria
-Left Atria
-Right Ventricle
-Left Ventricle
▶ Define Right Atrium . Answer: Receives deoxygenated blood returning to
the heart from the body via the superior vena cava which carries blood from
the upper body and the inferior vena cava which carries blood from the
lower body. Receives blood from the coronary sinus; the largest vein that
drains the heart muscle's deoxygenated blood.
▶ Define Right Ventricle . Answer: Receives deoxygenated blood from the
right atrium which it pumps to the lungs for oxygenation through the
pulmonary trunk and then to the pulmonary arteries.
▶ Define The Pulmonary Arteries . Answer: Are the only arteries in the
body that carry deoxygenated blood (because they are going away from
the heart).
▶ Define the Left Atrium . Answer: Receives oxygenated blood returning
from the lungs via the right and left pulmonary veins.
▶ Define The Pulmonary Veins . Answer: The only veins in the body that
carry oxygenated blood (because they are going towards the heart).
▶ Define Left Ventricle . Answer: Receives the oxygenated blood from the
left atrium and pumps it to the body through the aorta, the largest artery of
the body.
▶ The Heart Valves Purpose . Answer: Is to prevent back flow of the blood
thereby assuring uni-directional flow thru the heart.
▶ The Atrioventricular Valves (AV) are located: . Answer: Between the atria
and ventricles.
ANSWERS GRADED A+
▶ Cause of Allergic Contact Dermatitis . Answer: Accelerators processing
chemicals.
▶ Cause of NRL Allergy IgE/histamine mediated . Answer: NRL proteins;
direct contact with or breathing NRL proteins, including glove powder
containing proteins, from powdered gloves or the environment.
▶ Prevention/Management for Irritant Contact Dermatitis . Answer: Obtain
medical diagnosis, avoid irritant product, consider use of cotton glove
liners, consider alternative gloves/products.
▶ Prevention/Management for Allergic Contact Dermatitis . Answer: Obtain
medical diagnosis, identify chemical. Consider use of glove liners such as
cotton. Use alternative glove material without chemical. Assure glove
material is suitable for intended use (proper barrier).
▶ Prevention/Management for NRL Allergy IgE/histamine mediated .
Answer: Obtain medical diagnosis, allergy consultation, subsitute non-NRL,
gloves for affected worker and other non-NRL products. Eliminate exposure
to glove powder - use of reduce protein, powder free gloves for coworkers.
Clean NRL-containing powder from environment. Consider NRL, safe
enviroment.
▶ (Prescription) po . Answer: From the Latin per os, or "by mouth" or
"orally"
▶ (Prescription) pr . Answer: From the Latin per rectum, or "by way of the
rectum," by suppository
▶ (Prescription) sl . Answer: sublingual (under the tongue)
▶ (Prescription) IV . Answer: intravenous
▶ (Prescription) IM . Answer: intramuscular (in the muscle)
,▶ (Prescription) SQ . Answer: short for subcutaneous (meaning under the
skin)
▶ (Prescription) qd . Answer: Every Day, from the Latin quaque die
▶ (Prescription) bid . Answer: Twice a Day, from the Latin his in die
▶ (Prescription) tid . Answer: Three Times a Day, from the Latin ter in die
▶ (Prescription) qid . Answer: Four Times a Day, from the Latin quater in
die
▶ (Prescription) pc . Answer: After meals or not on an empty stomach, from
the Latin post cibum
▶ (Prescription) qhs . Answer: Each night, from the Latin quaque hora
somni, or "at bedtime"
▶ (Prescription) prn . Answer: As needed, from the Latin pro re nata, "as
circumstances may require"
▶ The hear is: . Answer: A hollow muscular organ located in the thoracic
cavity between the lungs in a space called Mediastenum.
▶ The heart _____ is located at the level of the 2nd intercostal. . Answer:
Base
▶ The tip of the heart (_____) is located at the level of 5th intercostal and
mid-clavicular line on the left. . Answer: Apex
▶ Define Endocardium . Answer: The innermost layer of the heart. It is a
thin layer of epithelium very similar to vessels' endothelium, which covers
the inside part of the heart. It forms the lining and folds back onto itself to
form the heart valves and also covers the papillary muscles that anchor
chordae tendinae, strings of connective tissue that keep in place the AV
valves.
▶ The function of the Endocardium is: . Answer: To prevent blood cell
destruction and clotting.
,▶ The Endocardium is: . Answer: Also the layer in which the heart's
conduction system is embedded.
▶ Define Myocardium . Answer: The middle and contractile layer of the
heart.
▶ The Myocardium is made up of: . Answer: Special striated muscle fibers
with strong connection with each other (intercalated disks) and branches
that ensure a unified and simultaneous contraction of all muscle fibers.
There is a high concentration of calcium ions in the space between the
muscle fibers (interstitial space), which influences the force of the muscle
contraction.
▶ Define "Heart Skeleton" . Answer: Is made up of four rings of thick
connective tissue. These rings which surround the base of the heart and
large vessels, create the cardiac septum, and provide a solid connection
between the heart chambers and a strong attachment for the heart valves.
▶ Define Pericardium . Answer: The outermost layer of the heart. Attached
with ligaments to the spinal column and diaphragm fixing the heart in its
position. Built by two layers of connective tissue.
▶ The outer layer of the Pericardium is called: . Answer: Parietal
Pericardium
▶ The inner layer of the Pericardium is called: . Answer: Visceral
Pericardium or Epicardium
▶ The two layers of Pericardium are separated by: . Answer: A thin layer of
fluid to prevent friction. These layers and the fluid between them are
referred to as the pericardial sac.
▶ A structure in the middle of the heart called the _____, divided the heart
into two sides. . Answer: Septum
▶ The right side of the heart pumps _____ blood with low pressure from
the veins into the lungs (pulmonary circulation). . Answer: Deoxygenated
, ▶ The left side of the heart pumps _____ blood with high pressure (blood
pressure) toward the tissues through arteries (systemic circulations). .
Answer: Oxygenated
▶ The four chambers of the heart: . Answer: -Right Atria
-Left Atria
-Right Ventricle
-Left Ventricle
▶ Define Right Atrium . Answer: Receives deoxygenated blood returning to
the heart from the body via the superior vena cava which carries blood from
the upper body and the inferior vena cava which carries blood from the
lower body. Receives blood from the coronary sinus; the largest vein that
drains the heart muscle's deoxygenated blood.
▶ Define Right Ventricle . Answer: Receives deoxygenated blood from the
right atrium which it pumps to the lungs for oxygenation through the
pulmonary trunk and then to the pulmonary arteries.
▶ Define The Pulmonary Arteries . Answer: Are the only arteries in the
body that carry deoxygenated blood (because they are going away from
the heart).
▶ Define the Left Atrium . Answer: Receives oxygenated blood returning
from the lungs via the right and left pulmonary veins.
▶ Define The Pulmonary Veins . Answer: The only veins in the body that
carry oxygenated blood (because they are going towards the heart).
▶ Define Left Ventricle . Answer: Receives the oxygenated blood from the
left atrium and pumps it to the body through the aorta, the largest artery of
the body.
▶ The Heart Valves Purpose . Answer: Is to prevent back flow of the blood
thereby assuring uni-directional flow thru the heart.
▶ The Atrioventricular Valves (AV) are located: . Answer: Between the atria
and ventricles.
