Campbell biology ch 16-20 test bank
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1. In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith B) Mixing a heat-killed
observe? pathogenic strain of bac-
A) Mutant mice were resistant to bacterial infections. teria with a living non-
B) Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria pathogenic strain can
with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some convert some of the living
of the living cells into the pathogenic form. cells into the pathogenic
C) Mixing a heat-killed nonpathogenic strain of bacte- form.
ria with a living pathogenic strain makes the patho-
genic strain nonpathogenic.
D) Infecting mice with nonpathogenic strains of bac-
teria makes them resistant to pathogenic strains.
E) Mice infected with a pathogenic strain of bacteria
can spread the infection to other mice.
2. How do we describe transformation in bacteria? E) assimilation of external
A) the creation of a strand of DNA from an RNA mole- DNA into a cell
cule
B) the creation of a strand of RNA from a DNA mole-
cule
C) the infection of cells by a phage DNA molecule
D) the type of semiconservative replication shown by
DNA
E) assimilation of external DNA into a cell
3. After mixing a heat-killed, phosphorescent strain of D) Descendants of the liv-
bacteria with a living nonphosphorescent strain, you ing cells are also phos-
discover that some of the living cells are now phos- phorescent.
phorescent. Which observations would provide the
best evidence that the ability to fluoresce is a heritable
trait?
A) DNA passed from the heat-killed strain to the living
strain.
, Campbell biology ch 16-20 test bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5x0gk
B) Protein passed from the heat-killed strain to the
living strain.
C) The phosphorescence in the living strain is especial-
ly bright.
D) Descendants of the living cells are also phosphores-
cent.
E) Both DNA and protein passed from the heat-killed
strain to the living strain.
4. In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the B) DNA contains phos-
genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of phorus, whereas protein
which of the following facts? does not.
A) DNA contains sulfur, whereas protein does not.
B) DNA contains phosphorus, whereas protein does
not.
C) DNA contains nitrogen, whereas protein does not.
D) DNA contains purines, whereas protein includes
pyrimidines.
E) RNA includes ribose, whereas DNA includes de-
oxyribose sugars.
5. Which of the following investigators was/were respon- D) Erwin Chargaff
sible for the following discovery?
In DNA from any species, the amount of adenine
equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of
guanine equals the amount of cytosine.
A) Frederick Griffith
B) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
C) Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod
D) Erwin Chargaff
E) Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
, Campbell biology ch 16-20 test bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5x0gk
6. Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sam- A) 8%
ple of DNA from an organism. Approximately what
percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be
thymine?
A) 8%
B) 16%
C) 31%
D) 42%
E) It cannot be determined from the information pro-
vided.
7. Which of the following can be determined direct- A) the diameter of the he-
ly from X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized lix
DNA?
A) the diameter of the helix
B) the rate of replication
C) the sequence of nucleotides
D) the bond angles of the subunits
E) the frequency of A vs. T nucleotides
8. It became apparent to Watson and Crick after comple- A) sequence of bases
tion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry
a vast amount of hereditary information in which of
the following?
A) sequence of bases
B) phosphate-sugar backbones
C) complementary pairing of bases
D) side groups of nitrogenous bases
E) different five-carbon sugars
9. In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, C) A + C = G + T
which of the following will be found?
, Campbell biology ch 16-20 test bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5x0gk
A) A = C
B) A = G and C = T
C) A + C = G + T
D) G + C = T + A
10. Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in B) Prokaryotic chromo-
eukaryotes for which of the following reasons? somes have a single ori-
A) Prokaryotic chromosomes have histones, whereas gin of replication, whereas
eukaryotic chromosomes do not. eukaryotic chromosomes
B) Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of have many.
replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have
many.
C) The rate of elongation during DNA replication is
slower in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes.
D) Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during
DNA replication, but eukaryotes do not.
E) Prokaryotes have telomeres, and eukaryotes do
not.
11. What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regard- B) The 5' to 3' direction of
ing the strands that make up DNA? one strand runs counter to
A) The twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel the 5' to 3' direction of the
strands. other strand.
B) The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to
the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand.
C) Base pairings create unequal spacing between the
two DNA strands.
D) One strand is positively charged and the other is
negatively charged.
E) One strand contains only purines and the other
contains only pyrimidines.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5x0gk
1. In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith B) Mixing a heat-killed
observe? pathogenic strain of bac-
A) Mutant mice were resistant to bacterial infections. teria with a living non-
B) Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria pathogenic strain can
with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some convert some of the living
of the living cells into the pathogenic form. cells into the pathogenic
C) Mixing a heat-killed nonpathogenic strain of bacte- form.
ria with a living pathogenic strain makes the patho-
genic strain nonpathogenic.
D) Infecting mice with nonpathogenic strains of bac-
teria makes them resistant to pathogenic strains.
E) Mice infected with a pathogenic strain of bacteria
can spread the infection to other mice.
2. How do we describe transformation in bacteria? E) assimilation of external
A) the creation of a strand of DNA from an RNA mole- DNA into a cell
cule
B) the creation of a strand of RNA from a DNA mole-
cule
C) the infection of cells by a phage DNA molecule
D) the type of semiconservative replication shown by
DNA
E) assimilation of external DNA into a cell
3. After mixing a heat-killed, phosphorescent strain of D) Descendants of the liv-
bacteria with a living nonphosphorescent strain, you ing cells are also phos-
discover that some of the living cells are now phos- phorescent.
phorescent. Which observations would provide the
best evidence that the ability to fluoresce is a heritable
trait?
A) DNA passed from the heat-killed strain to the living
strain.
, Campbell biology ch 16-20 test bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5x0gk
B) Protein passed from the heat-killed strain to the
living strain.
C) The phosphorescence in the living strain is especial-
ly bright.
D) Descendants of the living cells are also phosphores-
cent.
E) Both DNA and protein passed from the heat-killed
strain to the living strain.
4. In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the B) DNA contains phos-
genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of phorus, whereas protein
which of the following facts? does not.
A) DNA contains sulfur, whereas protein does not.
B) DNA contains phosphorus, whereas protein does
not.
C) DNA contains nitrogen, whereas protein does not.
D) DNA contains purines, whereas protein includes
pyrimidines.
E) RNA includes ribose, whereas DNA includes de-
oxyribose sugars.
5. Which of the following investigators was/were respon- D) Erwin Chargaff
sible for the following discovery?
In DNA from any species, the amount of adenine
equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of
guanine equals the amount of cytosine.
A) Frederick Griffith
B) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
C) Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod
D) Erwin Chargaff
E) Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
, Campbell biology ch 16-20 test bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5x0gk
6. Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sam- A) 8%
ple of DNA from an organism. Approximately what
percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be
thymine?
A) 8%
B) 16%
C) 31%
D) 42%
E) It cannot be determined from the information pro-
vided.
7. Which of the following can be determined direct- A) the diameter of the he-
ly from X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized lix
DNA?
A) the diameter of the helix
B) the rate of replication
C) the sequence of nucleotides
D) the bond angles of the subunits
E) the frequency of A vs. T nucleotides
8. It became apparent to Watson and Crick after comple- A) sequence of bases
tion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry
a vast amount of hereditary information in which of
the following?
A) sequence of bases
B) phosphate-sugar backbones
C) complementary pairing of bases
D) side groups of nitrogenous bases
E) different five-carbon sugars
9. In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, C) A + C = G + T
which of the following will be found?
, Campbell biology ch 16-20 test bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5x0gk
A) A = C
B) A = G and C = T
C) A + C = G + T
D) G + C = T + A
10. Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in B) Prokaryotic chromo-
eukaryotes for which of the following reasons? somes have a single ori-
A) Prokaryotic chromosomes have histones, whereas gin of replication, whereas
eukaryotic chromosomes do not. eukaryotic chromosomes
B) Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of have many.
replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have
many.
C) The rate of elongation during DNA replication is
slower in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes.
D) Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during
DNA replication, but eukaryotes do not.
E) Prokaryotes have telomeres, and eukaryotes do
not.
11. What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regard- B) The 5' to 3' direction of
ing the strands that make up DNA? one strand runs counter to
A) The twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel the 5' to 3' direction of the
strands. other strand.
B) The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to
the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand.
C) Base pairings create unequal spacing between the
two DNA strands.
D) One strand is positively charged and the other is
negatively charged.
E) One strand contains only purines and the other
contains only pyrimidines.
