HS 2700 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
What does polygenic mean? - ANSWER Many genes influence one phenotypic
trait
What do recessive genes mean? - ANSWER when both alleles are not dominant
what are epigenetic markers? - ANSWER They regulate gene expression by
turning certain genes on and off.
Ethology - ANSWER study of genetically determined behaviour that have evolved
thru natural selection
behaviour genetics - ANSWER study of traits influenced by genes
evolutionary psychology - ANSWER the view that genetically inherited social
traits that have evolved through natural selection
evolutionary developmental psychology - ANSWER Evolutionary psychology
traits that appear at different points in life
Freud - ANSWER psychosexual theory. id, superego, ego. Behavior determined
by unconscious processes
id - ANSWER pleasure principle. i want it now
Ego - ANSWER reality principle. we will get it with a plan
superego - ANSWER morality principle. i cant have it.
oral stage - ANSWER 0-2. Feeding, thumb sucking, babbling.
Fixation - smoking, overeating
Anal stage - ANSWER 2-3. Bladder control.
Fixation - issues with spending
phallic stage - ANSWER 3-7. learn difference between male and female.
Fixation - Vanity/recklessness
Latency stage - ANSWER 7-11. continuing development.
fixation - none
, Genital - ANSWER 11+. Learn to deal maturely with opposite sex.
erikson - ANSWER psychosocial theory. development over life. 8 crises
Trust vs. Mistrust - ANSWER 0- 18 months- developing trust between caregiver
and infant.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - ANSWER 2-3. Ability to do things
independently
Initiative vs. Guilt - ANSWER 3-5 years. children begin asserting control and
power. am I good or bad?
Industry vs. Inferiority - ANSWER 6 and 11 years. school/activities. coping with
new social and academic demands
identity vs. role confusion - ANSWER 12-18. who am i and where am i going?
Intimacy vs. Isolation - ANSWER 19-40. am i loved and wanted
Generativity vs stagnation - ANSWER 40-65. will i provide something of value?
ego identity vs despair - ANSWER 65+. Have i lived a full life?
Maslowe's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER Self actualization (top of pyramid) —>
esteem needs —> belongingness and love needs —> safety needs —>
physiological needs (bottom of pyramid)
carl rogers - ANSWER humanistic; inherent optimism; fully functioning person
learning theories - ANSWER Emphasize the role of the environment. classical
and operant conditioning. Don't talk about age
Difference between classical and operant conditioning - ANSWER classical -
developing emotional responses. CR, CS
operant - shaping behaviors thru extinction and shaping. PR, NR
cognitive theories - ANSWER theories that emphasize mental processes in
development, such as logic and memory
piaget - ANSWER based on schemas, and assimilations. has stages of cognitive
development (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal
operational)
With Correct Answers
What does polygenic mean? - ANSWER Many genes influence one phenotypic
trait
What do recessive genes mean? - ANSWER when both alleles are not dominant
what are epigenetic markers? - ANSWER They regulate gene expression by
turning certain genes on and off.
Ethology - ANSWER study of genetically determined behaviour that have evolved
thru natural selection
behaviour genetics - ANSWER study of traits influenced by genes
evolutionary psychology - ANSWER the view that genetically inherited social
traits that have evolved through natural selection
evolutionary developmental psychology - ANSWER Evolutionary psychology
traits that appear at different points in life
Freud - ANSWER psychosexual theory. id, superego, ego. Behavior determined
by unconscious processes
id - ANSWER pleasure principle. i want it now
Ego - ANSWER reality principle. we will get it with a plan
superego - ANSWER morality principle. i cant have it.
oral stage - ANSWER 0-2. Feeding, thumb sucking, babbling.
Fixation - smoking, overeating
Anal stage - ANSWER 2-3. Bladder control.
Fixation - issues with spending
phallic stage - ANSWER 3-7. learn difference between male and female.
Fixation - Vanity/recklessness
Latency stage - ANSWER 7-11. continuing development.
fixation - none
, Genital - ANSWER 11+. Learn to deal maturely with opposite sex.
erikson - ANSWER psychosocial theory. development over life. 8 crises
Trust vs. Mistrust - ANSWER 0- 18 months- developing trust between caregiver
and infant.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - ANSWER 2-3. Ability to do things
independently
Initiative vs. Guilt - ANSWER 3-5 years. children begin asserting control and
power. am I good or bad?
Industry vs. Inferiority - ANSWER 6 and 11 years. school/activities. coping with
new social and academic demands
identity vs. role confusion - ANSWER 12-18. who am i and where am i going?
Intimacy vs. Isolation - ANSWER 19-40. am i loved and wanted
Generativity vs stagnation - ANSWER 40-65. will i provide something of value?
ego identity vs despair - ANSWER 65+. Have i lived a full life?
Maslowe's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER Self actualization (top of pyramid) —>
esteem needs —> belongingness and love needs —> safety needs —>
physiological needs (bottom of pyramid)
carl rogers - ANSWER humanistic; inherent optimism; fully functioning person
learning theories - ANSWER Emphasize the role of the environment. classical
and operant conditioning. Don't talk about age
Difference between classical and operant conditioning - ANSWER classical -
developing emotional responses. CR, CS
operant - shaping behaviors thru extinction and shaping. PR, NR
cognitive theories - ANSWER theories that emphasize mental processes in
development, such as logic and memory
piaget - ANSWER based on schemas, and assimilations. has stages of cognitive
development (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal
operational)
