Pathophysiology and Pharmacology -
EXAM 1 Questions with Accurate
Answers
pharmacology - ANSWERSthe study of medicines, including the study of how drugs are
administered and how the body responds.
pharmacotherapy - ANSWERSthe application of drugs to treat disease and ease human
suffering
How can therapeutic agents be classified? - ANSWERSdrugs, biologics, or
complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies
How can drugs be organized? - ANSWERSby their therapeutic or pharmacologic
classification
How many names do drugs have and what are they? - ANSWERS3; chemical name,
generic name, trade/brand name
chemical name of a drug - ANSWERSstrict chemical nomenclature used for naming
drugs established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
generic name of a drug - ANSWERSnonproprietary name of a drug assigned by the
government; i.e. ibuprofen
trade name of a drug - ANSWERSproprietary name of a drug assigned by the
manufacturer; also called the brand name or product name; proprietary means
ownership; i.e. advil
What are nurses expected to understand about all medication given to patients? -
ANSWERSpharmacotherapeutic principles
What are the nurse's responsibilities as far as giving medications? - ANSWERSwhat
drug is ordered
name and drug classification
intended purpose or use
effects on the body
contraindication
special considerations (how age, weight, body fat distribution, pathophysiological states
affect response)
side effects
,why the medication was prescribed
how the medication is supplied in the pharmacy
how the medication administered, including dosage range
what nursing process consideration relates to the medication apply to the paltient
all variables of the patient's condition
prepared to recognize and react to adverse effects
combination drug - ANSWERSdrug product with more than one active generic
ingredient
therapeutic classification of a drug - ANSWERSmethod for organizing drugs on the
basis of their clinical usefulness in treating particular diseases or disorders
pharmacologic classification of a drug - ANSWERSmethod for organizing drugs on the
basis of their mechanism of action
Who was John Jacob Abel? - ANSWERSfather of American pharmacology, founded
first pharmacology department in United States at University of Michigan in 1890
How many drugs are currently available? - ANSWERS10,000
factors of the patient that affect their individual response to a drug - ANSWERSage,
sex, body mass, health status, genetics
what is medication? - ANSWERSan administered drug
what are biologics and what are some examples? - ANSWERSagents naturally
produced in animal cells, by microorganisms, or by the body itself; hormones,
monoclonal antibodies, natural blood products/components, interferons, vaccines
what are some examples of complementary and alternative therapies? -
ANSWERSnatural plant extracts, herbs, vitamins, minerals, dietary supplements,
physical therapy, manipulations, massage, acupuncture, hypnosis, biofeedback
bioavailability - ANSWERSphysiologic ability of the drug to reach target cell and
produce effect.
FDA - ANSWERSFood and Drug Administration, established in 1988, agency of U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services
What are the three checks of drug administration? - ANSWERS- checking drug with
MAR or medication information system when removing it from storage
- checking drug when preparing it, poring it, taking it out the unit-dose container, or
connecting the IV tubing to bag
- checking drug before administering it to the patient
, Who has responsibility when mistakes occur with medication? - ANSWERSnurse,
prescriber, and the pharmacists
compliance - ANSWERStaking a medication in the manner prescribed by the health
care provider
Factors that can cause a patient to deviate from compliance - ANSWERScost of drug,
forgetting doses, annoying side effects, self-adjustment of doses, fear of dependency
Four most common Medication Errors - ANSWERSerrors in patient assessment
(inadequate medication history, incomplete PA), errors in prescribing, administration
errors (route or time of administration, omissions), distracting environmental factors
(interruptions during drug preparations)
Abbreviation: ac - ANSWERSbefore meals
abbreviation: bid - ANSWERStwice a day
abbreviation: cap - ANSWERScapsule
abbreviation: gtt - ANSWERSdrop
abbreviation: IM - ANSWERSintramuscular
abbreviation: no - ANSWERSnumber
abbreviation: pc - ANSWERSafter meals; after eating
abbreviation: PO - ANSWERSby mouth
abbreviation: PM - ANSWERSafternoon
abbreviation: pm - ANSWERSwhen needed/necessary
abbreviation: qid - ANSWERSfour times per day
Q2h - ANSWERSevery 2 hours (even or when first given)
abbreviation: Rx - ANSWERStake
abbreviation: tid - ANSWERSthree times a day
STAT - ANSWERSmedication is to be given immediately and only once
ASAP - ANSWERSdrug should be available for administration within 30 minutes of the
written order
EXAM 1 Questions with Accurate
Answers
pharmacology - ANSWERSthe study of medicines, including the study of how drugs are
administered and how the body responds.
pharmacotherapy - ANSWERSthe application of drugs to treat disease and ease human
suffering
How can therapeutic agents be classified? - ANSWERSdrugs, biologics, or
complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies
How can drugs be organized? - ANSWERSby their therapeutic or pharmacologic
classification
How many names do drugs have and what are they? - ANSWERS3; chemical name,
generic name, trade/brand name
chemical name of a drug - ANSWERSstrict chemical nomenclature used for naming
drugs established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
generic name of a drug - ANSWERSnonproprietary name of a drug assigned by the
government; i.e. ibuprofen
trade name of a drug - ANSWERSproprietary name of a drug assigned by the
manufacturer; also called the brand name or product name; proprietary means
ownership; i.e. advil
What are nurses expected to understand about all medication given to patients? -
ANSWERSpharmacotherapeutic principles
What are the nurse's responsibilities as far as giving medications? - ANSWERSwhat
drug is ordered
name and drug classification
intended purpose or use
effects on the body
contraindication
special considerations (how age, weight, body fat distribution, pathophysiological states
affect response)
side effects
,why the medication was prescribed
how the medication is supplied in the pharmacy
how the medication administered, including dosage range
what nursing process consideration relates to the medication apply to the paltient
all variables of the patient's condition
prepared to recognize and react to adverse effects
combination drug - ANSWERSdrug product with more than one active generic
ingredient
therapeutic classification of a drug - ANSWERSmethod for organizing drugs on the
basis of their clinical usefulness in treating particular diseases or disorders
pharmacologic classification of a drug - ANSWERSmethod for organizing drugs on the
basis of their mechanism of action
Who was John Jacob Abel? - ANSWERSfather of American pharmacology, founded
first pharmacology department in United States at University of Michigan in 1890
How many drugs are currently available? - ANSWERS10,000
factors of the patient that affect their individual response to a drug - ANSWERSage,
sex, body mass, health status, genetics
what is medication? - ANSWERSan administered drug
what are biologics and what are some examples? - ANSWERSagents naturally
produced in animal cells, by microorganisms, or by the body itself; hormones,
monoclonal antibodies, natural blood products/components, interferons, vaccines
what are some examples of complementary and alternative therapies? -
ANSWERSnatural plant extracts, herbs, vitamins, minerals, dietary supplements,
physical therapy, manipulations, massage, acupuncture, hypnosis, biofeedback
bioavailability - ANSWERSphysiologic ability of the drug to reach target cell and
produce effect.
FDA - ANSWERSFood and Drug Administration, established in 1988, agency of U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services
What are the three checks of drug administration? - ANSWERS- checking drug with
MAR or medication information system when removing it from storage
- checking drug when preparing it, poring it, taking it out the unit-dose container, or
connecting the IV tubing to bag
- checking drug before administering it to the patient
, Who has responsibility when mistakes occur with medication? - ANSWERSnurse,
prescriber, and the pharmacists
compliance - ANSWERStaking a medication in the manner prescribed by the health
care provider
Factors that can cause a patient to deviate from compliance - ANSWERScost of drug,
forgetting doses, annoying side effects, self-adjustment of doses, fear of dependency
Four most common Medication Errors - ANSWERSerrors in patient assessment
(inadequate medication history, incomplete PA), errors in prescribing, administration
errors (route or time of administration, omissions), distracting environmental factors
(interruptions during drug preparations)
Abbreviation: ac - ANSWERSbefore meals
abbreviation: bid - ANSWERStwice a day
abbreviation: cap - ANSWERScapsule
abbreviation: gtt - ANSWERSdrop
abbreviation: IM - ANSWERSintramuscular
abbreviation: no - ANSWERSnumber
abbreviation: pc - ANSWERSafter meals; after eating
abbreviation: PO - ANSWERSby mouth
abbreviation: PM - ANSWERSafternoon
abbreviation: pm - ANSWERSwhen needed/necessary
abbreviation: qid - ANSWERSfour times per day
Q2h - ANSWERSevery 2 hours (even or when first given)
abbreviation: Rx - ANSWERStake
abbreviation: tid - ANSWERSthree times a day
STAT - ANSWERSmedication is to be given immediately and only once
ASAP - ANSWERSdrug should be available for administration within 30 minutes of the
written order
