ANAT 101 Anatomy & Physiology Final
Exam Questions With Accurate Answers
EXAM
1. Q: Which level of organization is directly below "organ" in the hierarchy?
A) Cellular
B) Tissue
C) Organ system
D) Chemical
A: B) Tissue
Rationale: The hierarchy is: Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ System →
Organismal.
2. Q: Which directional term means "toward the front"?
A) Superior
B) Posterior
C) Anterior
D) Medial
A: C) Anterior
Rationale: Anterior (ventral) means toward the front; posterior (dorsal) means toward the
back.
3. Q: Which plane divides the body into equal left and right halves?
A) Coronal plane
B) Transverse plane
C) Parasagittal plane
D) Midsagittal plane
,A: D) Midsagittal plane
Rationale: Midsagittal divides into equal left and right halves; parasagittal divides into
unequal halves.
4. Q: Which body cavity contains the lungs?
A) Abdominal cavity
B) Pelvic cavity
C) Thoracic cavity
D) Cranial cavity
A: C) Thoracic cavity
Rationale: The thoracic cavity is subdivided into pleural cavities (lungs) and the
mediastinum.
5. Q: Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
A) Blood glucose regulation
B) Body temperature regulation
C) Uterine contractions during childbirth
D) Blood pressure regulation
A: C) Uterine contractions during childbirth
Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies the change; oxytocin increases contractions until
delivery.
6. Q: What is the primary function of the serous membrane?
A) Produce blood cells
B) Reduce friction between organs
C) Store calcium
D) Generate heat
A: B) Reduce friction between organs
Rationale: Serous membranes (e.g., pleura, pericardium) secrete lubricating fluid to reduce
friction.
,7. Q: The pH scale measures:
A) Hydrogen ion concentration
B) Oxygen concentration
C) Glucose concentration
D) Sodium concentration
A: A) Hydrogen ion concentration
Rationale: Lower pH = higher H⁺ (acidic); higher pH = lower H⁺ (basic/alkaline).
8. Q: Which organelle is responsible for ATP production?
A) Ribosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Nucleus
D) Mitochondrion
A: D) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria perform cellular respiration to produce ATP.
9. Q: Which type of transport requires ATP?
A) Simple diffusion
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Osmosis
D) Active transport
A: D) Active transport
Rationale: Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient and
requires energy (ATP).
10. Q: A solution that causes a cell to swell and potentially burst is:
A) Hypertonic
B) Hypotonic
C) Isotonic
D) Osmotic
, A: B) Hypotonic
Rationale: Water moves into the cell in a hypotonic solution, causing swelling/lysis.
11–20: Tissues
11. Q: Which tissue type covers body surfaces and lines cavities?
A) Muscle tissue
B) Nervous tissue
C) Epithelial tissue
D) Connective tissue
A: C) Epithelial tissue
Rationale: Epithelium functions in protection, absorption, secretion, and filtration.
12. Q: Simple squamous epithelium is best suited for:
A) Diffusion and filtration
B) Stretching
C) Protection against abrasion
D) Secretion of mucus
A: A) Diffusion and filtration
Rationale: Its single flat layer allows rapid passage of substances (e.g., alveoli, capillaries).
13. Q: Which connective tissue stores energy as fat?
A) Areolar tissue
B) Dense regular tissue
C) Adipose tissue
D) Reticular tissue
A: C) Adipose tissue
Rationale: Adipocytes store triglycerides for energy, insulation, and cushioning.
Exam Questions With Accurate Answers
EXAM
1. Q: Which level of organization is directly below "organ" in the hierarchy?
A) Cellular
B) Tissue
C) Organ system
D) Chemical
A: B) Tissue
Rationale: The hierarchy is: Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ System →
Organismal.
2. Q: Which directional term means "toward the front"?
A) Superior
B) Posterior
C) Anterior
D) Medial
A: C) Anterior
Rationale: Anterior (ventral) means toward the front; posterior (dorsal) means toward the
back.
3. Q: Which plane divides the body into equal left and right halves?
A) Coronal plane
B) Transverse plane
C) Parasagittal plane
D) Midsagittal plane
,A: D) Midsagittal plane
Rationale: Midsagittal divides into equal left and right halves; parasagittal divides into
unequal halves.
4. Q: Which body cavity contains the lungs?
A) Abdominal cavity
B) Pelvic cavity
C) Thoracic cavity
D) Cranial cavity
A: C) Thoracic cavity
Rationale: The thoracic cavity is subdivided into pleural cavities (lungs) and the
mediastinum.
5. Q: Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
A) Blood glucose regulation
B) Body temperature regulation
C) Uterine contractions during childbirth
D) Blood pressure regulation
A: C) Uterine contractions during childbirth
Rationale: Positive feedback amplifies the change; oxytocin increases contractions until
delivery.
6. Q: What is the primary function of the serous membrane?
A) Produce blood cells
B) Reduce friction between organs
C) Store calcium
D) Generate heat
A: B) Reduce friction between organs
Rationale: Serous membranes (e.g., pleura, pericardium) secrete lubricating fluid to reduce
friction.
,7. Q: The pH scale measures:
A) Hydrogen ion concentration
B) Oxygen concentration
C) Glucose concentration
D) Sodium concentration
A: A) Hydrogen ion concentration
Rationale: Lower pH = higher H⁺ (acidic); higher pH = lower H⁺ (basic/alkaline).
8. Q: Which organelle is responsible for ATP production?
A) Ribosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Nucleus
D) Mitochondrion
A: D) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria perform cellular respiration to produce ATP.
9. Q: Which type of transport requires ATP?
A) Simple diffusion
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Osmosis
D) Active transport
A: D) Active transport
Rationale: Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient and
requires energy (ATP).
10. Q: A solution that causes a cell to swell and potentially burst is:
A) Hypertonic
B) Hypotonic
C) Isotonic
D) Osmotic
, A: B) Hypotonic
Rationale: Water moves into the cell in a hypotonic solution, causing swelling/lysis.
11–20: Tissues
11. Q: Which tissue type covers body surfaces and lines cavities?
A) Muscle tissue
B) Nervous tissue
C) Epithelial tissue
D) Connective tissue
A: C) Epithelial tissue
Rationale: Epithelium functions in protection, absorption, secretion, and filtration.
12. Q: Simple squamous epithelium is best suited for:
A) Diffusion and filtration
B) Stretching
C) Protection against abrasion
D) Secretion of mucus
A: A) Diffusion and filtration
Rationale: Its single flat layer allows rapid passage of substances (e.g., alveoli, capillaries).
13. Q: Which connective tissue stores energy as fat?
A) Areolar tissue
B) Dense regular tissue
C) Adipose tissue
D) Reticular tissue
A: C) Adipose tissue
Rationale: Adipocytes store triglycerides for energy, insulation, and cushioning.
