MDC4 FINAL EXAM TESTBANK
WITH OVER 300 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are headaches?
vasodilation of blood vessels in the brain
What causes headaches
genetics, stress, hormones
What can trigger a headache?
coffee, yogurt, alcohol, MSG, marinated foods
s/s of headache
head pain for 4-72 hours, N/V, unilateral pain, may come with aura
what are cluster headaches?
happen at night, stuffy nose
treatment of headache
Prophylactic = propranolol
Mild = NSAID
,Severe = sumatriptan
- ergotamine tartrate
- 6 tabs in 1 day
- take as soon as pain starts
- MOA = constricts cerebral blood vessels
What is increased ICP made of?
CSF, blood, brain
what causes increased ICP
infection, trauma, increased CSF, hemorrhage, tumors
s/s of increased ICP
MIND CRUSH
M: mental status change (early sign) = decreased LOC, irritable, confusion
I: irregular breathing (late sighn) = Cheyene Stokes
N: nerve damage to eye = pupil changes
D: decerebrate (limbs out) and decorticate (limbs to core) posturing
C: cushing's triad (late) = HTN + brady + wide pule pressure
R: reflux - N/V
U: unconscious
S: seizures
H: headaches
,Nursing care for Increased ICP
PRESS
P: position HOB @ 30 degrees and make sure body's midline (no flexion of
neck or hips)
R: respiratory we want to prevent hypercapnia by hyperventilating (limit
suctioning)
E: elevated temp - prevent it!
S: system checks = neuro checks
S: straining things - avoid it (no lifting, blowing nose, cough/sneeze)
Additional Nursing care measures for ICP
- turn down the lights
- no TV or noise
- put sign on door telling visitors to see nurse first
What do you NOT do when someone has increased ICP?
Lumbar Puncture
What does triaging do?
acts as gatekeeper
helps prioritize patient care based on illness and severity level
, According to triage, what patients would be seen firtst
highest acuity patients will receive quickest intervention
(Most ill/severe will get seen first)
What is a good model for triaging patients?
ABCs
Is hospital triaging the same as mass casualty triaging?
NO
Which triage situation uses tags?
mass casualties
what are the categories of triage?
- emergent
- urgent
- nonurgent
- primary survey
what classifies a patient as emergent according to triage
WITH OVER 300 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are headaches?
vasodilation of blood vessels in the brain
What causes headaches
genetics, stress, hormones
What can trigger a headache?
coffee, yogurt, alcohol, MSG, marinated foods
s/s of headache
head pain for 4-72 hours, N/V, unilateral pain, may come with aura
what are cluster headaches?
happen at night, stuffy nose
treatment of headache
Prophylactic = propranolol
Mild = NSAID
,Severe = sumatriptan
- ergotamine tartrate
- 6 tabs in 1 day
- take as soon as pain starts
- MOA = constricts cerebral blood vessels
What is increased ICP made of?
CSF, blood, brain
what causes increased ICP
infection, trauma, increased CSF, hemorrhage, tumors
s/s of increased ICP
MIND CRUSH
M: mental status change (early sign) = decreased LOC, irritable, confusion
I: irregular breathing (late sighn) = Cheyene Stokes
N: nerve damage to eye = pupil changes
D: decerebrate (limbs out) and decorticate (limbs to core) posturing
C: cushing's triad (late) = HTN + brady + wide pule pressure
R: reflux - N/V
U: unconscious
S: seizures
H: headaches
,Nursing care for Increased ICP
PRESS
P: position HOB @ 30 degrees and make sure body's midline (no flexion of
neck or hips)
R: respiratory we want to prevent hypercapnia by hyperventilating (limit
suctioning)
E: elevated temp - prevent it!
S: system checks = neuro checks
S: straining things - avoid it (no lifting, blowing nose, cough/sneeze)
Additional Nursing care measures for ICP
- turn down the lights
- no TV or noise
- put sign on door telling visitors to see nurse first
What do you NOT do when someone has increased ICP?
Lumbar Puncture
What does triaging do?
acts as gatekeeper
helps prioritize patient care based on illness and severity level
, According to triage, what patients would be seen firtst
highest acuity patients will receive quickest intervention
(Most ill/severe will get seen first)
What is a good model for triaging patients?
ABCs
Is hospital triaging the same as mass casualty triaging?
NO
Which triage situation uses tags?
mass casualties
what are the categories of triage?
- emergent
- urgent
- nonurgent
- primary survey
what classifies a patient as emergent according to triage
