NURS 306 Exam 2 (Neuro 1, 2 and 3) – Questions
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1 Epilepsy 2 Valproic Acid
3 Antidote for Malignant Hyperthermia 4 Phenytoin TI
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Terms in this set (145)
Epilepsy at least 2 unprovoked/reflex seizures > 24 hours
apart
resolved if: seizure free 10 years and off antiseizure
meds at least 5 years
Status Epilepticus Tx 1. IV benzo lorazepam
2. phenytoin or fosphenytoin
3. levetiracetam (stop/prevent)
,Steven Johnson Drugs (COLE) carbamazepine
oxcarbazepine
lamotrigine
ethosuximide
T/F: you can withdrawal from FALSE (wean off over 2-3 weeks)
antiseizure medication at any point
Phenytoin TI 10-20
Carbamazepine TI 4-12
Valproic Acid TI 50-100
Phenobarbitol TI 15-40
Ethosuximide TI 40-100
Phenytoin DOC tonic clonic and partial seizures
inhibits influx of Na+
-administer SLOWLY (cardiac
dysrhythmias/hypotension)
toxicities: nystagmus > 20, ataxis >30, stupor/coma
>40
AE: gingival hyperplasia (folic acid/hygiene), cleft
lip/palate interferes with Vit K- bleeding tendency
Fosphenytoin prodrug phenytoin
does NOT irritate veins, administer faster
no greater than 150 mg/min
strong inducer metabolism (decreased effectiveness
warfarin, BC, glucocorticoids)
Carbamazepine all seizures (not absence)
affects Na+
black box warning SJS
INCREASE DOSE (induces own metabolism)
AVOID GRAPEFRUIT JUICE
MONITOR CBC (hematologic effects)
, Valproic Acid suppresses CALCIUM
all seizures
teratogenic
hypersalivation
DI: phenobarbital, phenytoin, topiramate,
meropenem
migraine prophylaxis
monitor LFTs
Phenobarbital not used absence
give slowly (CNS depression)
high alkaline- extravasation- SLOWLY
strong inducer (decrease birth contol/warfarin)
levels rise with VALPROIC ACID administered
Ethosuximide blocks Ca+ channels
ABSENCE SEIZURES
SJS !
monitor CBC (BMS)
Oxcarbazepine PARTIAL SEIZURES
blocks Na+ channels
SJS
HYPONATREMIA (< 125)
no narrow TI
Lamotrigine risk suicide
SJS with dose escalation, slow dose titration
common with valproic acid
Gabapentin neuropathic pain
no narrow TI
given 3x/day- potential abuse
Topiramate AE subside overtime (worse @ beginning)
somnolence
can be used migraine prophylaxis
With Complete Solutions
Save
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
dantrolene
Choose an answer
1 Epilepsy 2 Valproic Acid
3 Antidote for Malignant Hyperthermia 4 Phenytoin TI
Don't know?
Terms in this set (145)
Epilepsy at least 2 unprovoked/reflex seizures > 24 hours
apart
resolved if: seizure free 10 years and off antiseizure
meds at least 5 years
Status Epilepticus Tx 1. IV benzo lorazepam
2. phenytoin or fosphenytoin
3. levetiracetam (stop/prevent)
,Steven Johnson Drugs (COLE) carbamazepine
oxcarbazepine
lamotrigine
ethosuximide
T/F: you can withdrawal from FALSE (wean off over 2-3 weeks)
antiseizure medication at any point
Phenytoin TI 10-20
Carbamazepine TI 4-12
Valproic Acid TI 50-100
Phenobarbitol TI 15-40
Ethosuximide TI 40-100
Phenytoin DOC tonic clonic and partial seizures
inhibits influx of Na+
-administer SLOWLY (cardiac
dysrhythmias/hypotension)
toxicities: nystagmus > 20, ataxis >30, stupor/coma
>40
AE: gingival hyperplasia (folic acid/hygiene), cleft
lip/palate interferes with Vit K- bleeding tendency
Fosphenytoin prodrug phenytoin
does NOT irritate veins, administer faster
no greater than 150 mg/min
strong inducer metabolism (decreased effectiveness
warfarin, BC, glucocorticoids)
Carbamazepine all seizures (not absence)
affects Na+
black box warning SJS
INCREASE DOSE (induces own metabolism)
AVOID GRAPEFRUIT JUICE
MONITOR CBC (hematologic effects)
, Valproic Acid suppresses CALCIUM
all seizures
teratogenic
hypersalivation
DI: phenobarbital, phenytoin, topiramate,
meropenem
migraine prophylaxis
monitor LFTs
Phenobarbital not used absence
give slowly (CNS depression)
high alkaline- extravasation- SLOWLY
strong inducer (decrease birth contol/warfarin)
levels rise with VALPROIC ACID administered
Ethosuximide blocks Ca+ channels
ABSENCE SEIZURES
SJS !
monitor CBC (BMS)
Oxcarbazepine PARTIAL SEIZURES
blocks Na+ channels
SJS
HYPONATREMIA (< 125)
no narrow TI
Lamotrigine risk suicide
SJS with dose escalation, slow dose titration
common with valproic acid
Gabapentin neuropathic pain
no narrow TI
given 3x/day- potential abuse
Topiramate AE subside overtime (worse @ beginning)
somnolence
can be used migraine prophylaxis
