USAHS Clinical Neuroscience
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iq3n2t
Neurulation, cell proliferation, migration and aggregation,
What are the 5 steps of neurological development in or-
formation of axonal and dendritic processes, and synap-
der?
togenesis
______________ involves the formation of the neural
Neurulation
crest and neural tube.
Cell proliferation occurs within the ________ _______. Neural tube
During the migration and aggregation phase of embry-
ological development the cells migrate/aggregate within Definitive
_________ locations.
True or false:
Cranial nerves are formed during the formation of axonal
True
and dendritic processes phase of embryological develop-
ment.
____________ occurs around day 14 of development. Neurulation
During __________ the embryo is in the process of gas-
Neurulation
trolation.
The __________ is three cell layers thick and includes the
Gastrula
ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
The entire nervous system is derived from the
Embryonic ectoderm
____________ ___________.
On day _____ the notochord develops followed by the
21, 28
neural tube on day _______.
The _______ ________ develops into the the entire CNS. Neural tube
Neural crest cells develop into the ______. PNS
Spina bifida (failure of POSTERIOR neuropore to close)
What two pathologies can occur during the first stage of
and anencephaly (failure of the ANTERIOR neuropore to
embryological development?
close)
, USAHS Clinical Neuroscience
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iq3n2t
What does the prosencephalon divide into? telencephalon and diencephalon
telencephalon: rhinoencephalon (lateral ventricles)
What are the derivatives of the telencephalon and dien-
cephalon? diencephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus, optic nerves,
neurohypophysis, and pineal gland (third ventricle)
What is the derivative of the mesencephalon? Midbrain (cerebral aqueduct)
What does the rhombencephalon divide into? metencephalon and myelencephalon
Metencephalon: cerebellum and pons (fourth ventricle)
What are the derivatives of the metencephalon and mye-
lencephalon?
Myelencephalon: medulla (fourth ventricle)
What does the primitive neural tube divide into? Neural tube and neural crest
Neural tube: spinal cord (central canal)
What are the derivatives of the neural tube and neural
crest?
Neural crest: peripheral nerve ganglia
The anterior commissure is _________ to the posterior
Rostral
commissure.
The thalamus is ________to the frontal lobe. Caudal
The cerebellum is _________ to the pons. Dorsal
The anterior horn of the SC is _________ to the posterior
Ventral
horn of the SC.
During the __________ ___________ phase of embry-
ological development the sulcus limitans pushes bilater- Cell proliferation (ventral portion= baslar plate; efferent
ally inside of the neural tube and starts to divide the tube motor and the dorsal portion= alar plate; sensory)
into a ventral and dorsal portion.
During the cell proliferation phase the innermost lay-
er (ependyaml aka germinal) creates the lining of the Ventricles (helps the cilia)
__________.
, USAHS Clinical Neuroscience
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iq3n2t
During the cell proliferation phase the intermediate layer
Mantle (gray matter)
becomes the ___________.
During the cell proliferation phase the marginal layer be-
White matter
comes ________ ________.
During _________ migration the cells travel up the telen-
Radial
cephalon from the SC.
During ______________ migration the cells travel within
Tangential
the brain stem. This occurs late in the migration process.
What two defects can occur in the migration phase of
Dyslexia and lissencephaly (smooth brain = low IQ)
embryological development?
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
opment at 14 weeks CN's _______, _______, ______, 5, 7, 9, 10, and 12 (swallow/gag)
______, and _____ form.
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
opment at 25 weeks CN's ________ _______ ______ and 2, 3, 4, and 6 (visual motor)
_____ form.
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
8 (hearing)
opment at 28 weeks CN ______ forms.
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
1 (smell)
opment at 31-32 weeks CN ______ forms.
During the synaptogenesis phase of embryological de-
Neural plasticity (correlated with known types of perma-
velopment the basis of ____________ ___________ is
nent learning)
formed.
The telencephalon and diencephalon comprise the
Forebrain
_____________.
What makes up the brain stem? midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata (vital survival function)
The diencephalon is comprised of the _____________
Thalamus, hypothalamus
and ______________.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iq3n2t
Neurulation, cell proliferation, migration and aggregation,
What are the 5 steps of neurological development in or-
formation of axonal and dendritic processes, and synap-
der?
togenesis
______________ involves the formation of the neural
Neurulation
crest and neural tube.
Cell proliferation occurs within the ________ _______. Neural tube
During the migration and aggregation phase of embry-
ological development the cells migrate/aggregate within Definitive
_________ locations.
True or false:
Cranial nerves are formed during the formation of axonal
True
and dendritic processes phase of embryological develop-
ment.
____________ occurs around day 14 of development. Neurulation
During __________ the embryo is in the process of gas-
Neurulation
trolation.
The __________ is three cell layers thick and includes the
Gastrula
ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
The entire nervous system is derived from the
Embryonic ectoderm
____________ ___________.
On day _____ the notochord develops followed by the
21, 28
neural tube on day _______.
The _______ ________ develops into the the entire CNS. Neural tube
Neural crest cells develop into the ______. PNS
Spina bifida (failure of POSTERIOR neuropore to close)
What two pathologies can occur during the first stage of
and anencephaly (failure of the ANTERIOR neuropore to
embryological development?
close)
, USAHS Clinical Neuroscience
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iq3n2t
What does the prosencephalon divide into? telencephalon and diencephalon
telencephalon: rhinoencephalon (lateral ventricles)
What are the derivatives of the telencephalon and dien-
cephalon? diencephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus, optic nerves,
neurohypophysis, and pineal gland (third ventricle)
What is the derivative of the mesencephalon? Midbrain (cerebral aqueduct)
What does the rhombencephalon divide into? metencephalon and myelencephalon
Metencephalon: cerebellum and pons (fourth ventricle)
What are the derivatives of the metencephalon and mye-
lencephalon?
Myelencephalon: medulla (fourth ventricle)
What does the primitive neural tube divide into? Neural tube and neural crest
Neural tube: spinal cord (central canal)
What are the derivatives of the neural tube and neural
crest?
Neural crest: peripheral nerve ganglia
The anterior commissure is _________ to the posterior
Rostral
commissure.
The thalamus is ________to the frontal lobe. Caudal
The cerebellum is _________ to the pons. Dorsal
The anterior horn of the SC is _________ to the posterior
Ventral
horn of the SC.
During the __________ ___________ phase of embry-
ological development the sulcus limitans pushes bilater- Cell proliferation (ventral portion= baslar plate; efferent
ally inside of the neural tube and starts to divide the tube motor and the dorsal portion= alar plate; sensory)
into a ventral and dorsal portion.
During the cell proliferation phase the innermost lay-
er (ependyaml aka germinal) creates the lining of the Ventricles (helps the cilia)
__________.
, USAHS Clinical Neuroscience
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iq3n2t
During the cell proliferation phase the intermediate layer
Mantle (gray matter)
becomes the ___________.
During the cell proliferation phase the marginal layer be-
White matter
comes ________ ________.
During _________ migration the cells travel up the telen-
Radial
cephalon from the SC.
During ______________ migration the cells travel within
Tangential
the brain stem. This occurs late in the migration process.
What two defects can occur in the migration phase of
Dyslexia and lissencephaly (smooth brain = low IQ)
embryological development?
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
opment at 14 weeks CN's _______, _______, ______, 5, 7, 9, 10, and 12 (swallow/gag)
______, and _____ form.
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
opment at 25 weeks CN's ________ _______ ______ and 2, 3, 4, and 6 (visual motor)
_____ form.
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
8 (hearing)
opment at 28 weeks CN ______ forms.
During the differentiation phase of embryological devel-
1 (smell)
opment at 31-32 weeks CN ______ forms.
During the synaptogenesis phase of embryological de-
Neural plasticity (correlated with known types of perma-
velopment the basis of ____________ ___________ is
nent learning)
formed.
The telencephalon and diencephalon comprise the
Forebrain
_____________.
What makes up the brain stem? midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata (vital survival function)
The diencephalon is comprised of the _____________
Thalamus, hypothalamus
and ______________.
