USAHS Neuroscience Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzj6tz
location for cranial nerve nuclei
connection to levels of consciousness
cerebellar circuits
Essential functions:
regulate muscle tone
posture
cardiac responses
Rostral limit= midbrain-diencephalic junction
Midbrain-pons= Ponto mesencephalic junction
Pons-medulla= pontomedullary
Caudal limit= corticomedullary junction
Dorsal= tectum roof = superior and inferior colliculi
cerebral peduncles (interpeduncular fossa in center sep-
Ventral=
arates the two peduncles) and pyramidal decussation
pons: limited by 4th ventricle, superior middle inferior
Lateral= cerebellar peduncles (white matter tracts and connections
of info from pons ot cerebellum)
Olfactory- cribriform plate
Optic nerve- optic canal
Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, trigeminal V1- superior orbital fissure
Trochlear nerve is only CN that is dorsal/posterior
Trigeminal V2- foramen rotundum
Trigeminal V3- foramen ovale
internal auditory canal to enter auditory canal then exits
Facial-
skull via stylomastoid foramen
Vestibulocochlear- internal auditory canal to enter auditory canal
Glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory- jugular foramen
CN9:
, USAHS Neuroscience Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzj6tz
Exits brainstem as several rootlets along the upper ven-
trolateral medulla bw inferior olive and inferior cerebellar
peduncle
Exits ventrolateral medulla as several rootlets just below
CN10:
CN9 bw inferior olive and inferior cerebellar peduncle
Nerve rootlets leave nucleus and exit lateral aspect of SC
CN11: bw dorsal and ventral roots just dorsal to the dentate
ligament and ascend through foramen magnum
Exits ventral medulla as multiple rootlets bw pyramid and
Hypo- hypoglossal foramen
inferior olivary nucleus in hypoglossal foramen
dorsal/posterior with the four dots;
Open medulla is
·ventral/anterior and will show the big belly of pons and
closed medulla is
pyramids with olives on either side
Inferior colliculi is hearing;
Midbrain:
superior colliculi is vision
ophthalmic artery
retinal blood supply= § ophthalmic artery branches into retinal artery
§ blockages: emboli, stenosis, vasculitis
2 main branches: Superior, Inferior
Occlusion causes an altitudinal scotoma in one eye
· Ex- Pt would lose vision in lower half of R eye caused by
occlusion of superior branch of R retinal artery in R eye
retinal artery
Amaurosis fugax- transient occlusion of superior or infe-
rior branch of retinal artery
· Vision "browning out" in either upper or lower part
· Lasts ~10 min
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzj6tz
location for cranial nerve nuclei
connection to levels of consciousness
cerebellar circuits
Essential functions:
regulate muscle tone
posture
cardiac responses
Rostral limit= midbrain-diencephalic junction
Midbrain-pons= Ponto mesencephalic junction
Pons-medulla= pontomedullary
Caudal limit= corticomedullary junction
Dorsal= tectum roof = superior and inferior colliculi
cerebral peduncles (interpeduncular fossa in center sep-
Ventral=
arates the two peduncles) and pyramidal decussation
pons: limited by 4th ventricle, superior middle inferior
Lateral= cerebellar peduncles (white matter tracts and connections
of info from pons ot cerebellum)
Olfactory- cribriform plate
Optic nerve- optic canal
Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, trigeminal V1- superior orbital fissure
Trochlear nerve is only CN that is dorsal/posterior
Trigeminal V2- foramen rotundum
Trigeminal V3- foramen ovale
internal auditory canal to enter auditory canal then exits
Facial-
skull via stylomastoid foramen
Vestibulocochlear- internal auditory canal to enter auditory canal
Glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory- jugular foramen
CN9:
, USAHS Neuroscience Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzj6tz
Exits brainstem as several rootlets along the upper ven-
trolateral medulla bw inferior olive and inferior cerebellar
peduncle
Exits ventrolateral medulla as several rootlets just below
CN10:
CN9 bw inferior olive and inferior cerebellar peduncle
Nerve rootlets leave nucleus and exit lateral aspect of SC
CN11: bw dorsal and ventral roots just dorsal to the dentate
ligament and ascend through foramen magnum
Exits ventral medulla as multiple rootlets bw pyramid and
Hypo- hypoglossal foramen
inferior olivary nucleus in hypoglossal foramen
dorsal/posterior with the four dots;
Open medulla is
·ventral/anterior and will show the big belly of pons and
closed medulla is
pyramids with olives on either side
Inferior colliculi is hearing;
Midbrain:
superior colliculi is vision
ophthalmic artery
retinal blood supply= § ophthalmic artery branches into retinal artery
§ blockages: emboli, stenosis, vasculitis
2 main branches: Superior, Inferior
Occlusion causes an altitudinal scotoma in one eye
· Ex- Pt would lose vision in lower half of R eye caused by
occlusion of superior branch of R retinal artery in R eye
retinal artery
Amaurosis fugax- transient occlusion of superior or infe-
rior branch of retinal artery
· Vision "browning out" in either upper or lower part
· Lasts ~10 min
