VATI RN PHARMACOLOGY 2026/2027
TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS!!
<LATEST VERSION>
1. A nurse is administering digoxin to a patient with heart failure. Before giving
the medication, which assessment is most important?
A. Blood pressure
B. Apical pulse
C. Respiratory rate
D. Oxygen saturation
Answer: B. Apical pulse
Rationale: Digoxin can cause bradycardia. The nurse must assess the apical pulse
for a full minute before administration and hold the drug if the rate is below 60
bpm.
,2. A patient on warfarin therapy presents with bruising and nosebleeds. What is
the priority nursing action?
A. Administer vitamin K
B. Hold the next dose and notify the provider
C. Continue medication as prescribed
D. Encourage increased dietary vitamin K
Answer: B. Hold the next dose and notify the provider
Rationale: Warfarin increases bleeding risk. Unusual bruising and bleeding
warrant holding the drug and notifying the provider. Vitamin K may be used as an
antidote if necessary.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient about taking alendronate for osteoporosis.
Which statement indicates proper understanding?
A. “I can take it with my breakfast.”
B. “I should lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking it.”
C. “I will take it first thing in the morning with a full glass of water.”
D. “It is safe to take it at bedtime.”
Answer: C. “I will take it first thing in the morning with a full glass of water.”
Rationale: Alendronate must be taken on an empty stomach with water, and the
patient should remain upright for at least 30 minutes to prevent esophageal
irritation.
4. Which medication is contraindicated for a patient with a history of severe
asthma?
A. Albuterol
B. Atenolol
C. Montelukast
D. Prednisone
,Answer: B. Atenolol
Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction and may
precipitate asthma attacks.
5. A patient receiving vancomycin develops flushing and hypotension during the
infusion. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Stop the infusion immediately
B. Slow the infusion rate and monitor
C. Administer diphenhydramine
D. Document as a normal reaction
Answer: A. Stop the infusion immediately
Rationale: Flushing and hypotension indicate “red man syndrome,” a potentially
serious infusion reaction. The infusion should be stopped, and the provider
notified.
6. A patient on insulin therapy is experiencing diaphoresis, tremors, and
confusion. What is the nurse’s first action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Check blood glucose
C. Encourage oral fluids
D. Notify the provider
Answer: B. Check blood glucose
Rationale: These are signs of hypoglycemia. The nurse should first confirm low
blood glucose before administering glucose or other interventions.
, 7. A patient is prescribed lithium for bipolar disorder. Which laboratory value
requires immediate attention?
A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
B. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L
C. Lithium 2.0 mEq/L
D. Calcium 9.2 mg/dL
Answer: C. Lithium 2.0 mEq/L
Rationale: Therapeutic lithium levels range from 0.6–1.2 mEq/L. Levels above 1.5
mEq/L are toxic and require intervention.
8. A nurse is educating a patient starting on atorvastatin. Which statement by
the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
A. “I will take this medication at bedtime.”
B. “I should report unexplained muscle pain.”
C. “I can drink grapefruit juice with this medication.”
D. “I will follow a low-fat diet.”
Answer: C. “I can drink grapefruit juice with this medication.”
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can increase statin levels, increasing the risk of
myopathy and rhabdomyolysis.
9. A patient is prescribed albuterol inhaler for acute asthma attack. How should
the nurse instruct the patient to use it?
A. Shake the inhaler, exhale completely, inhale deeply while pressing the canister,
and hold breath 10 seconds
B. Inhale quickly without shaking the inhaler
C. Exhale slowly after inhalation
D. Use it after every meal
Answer: A. Shake the inhaler, exhale completely, inhale deeply while pressing the
canister, and hold breath 10 seconds
TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS!!
<LATEST VERSION>
1. A nurse is administering digoxin to a patient with heart failure. Before giving
the medication, which assessment is most important?
A. Blood pressure
B. Apical pulse
C. Respiratory rate
D. Oxygen saturation
Answer: B. Apical pulse
Rationale: Digoxin can cause bradycardia. The nurse must assess the apical pulse
for a full minute before administration and hold the drug if the rate is below 60
bpm.
,2. A patient on warfarin therapy presents with bruising and nosebleeds. What is
the priority nursing action?
A. Administer vitamin K
B. Hold the next dose and notify the provider
C. Continue medication as prescribed
D. Encourage increased dietary vitamin K
Answer: B. Hold the next dose and notify the provider
Rationale: Warfarin increases bleeding risk. Unusual bruising and bleeding
warrant holding the drug and notifying the provider. Vitamin K may be used as an
antidote if necessary.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient about taking alendronate for osteoporosis.
Which statement indicates proper understanding?
A. “I can take it with my breakfast.”
B. “I should lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking it.”
C. “I will take it first thing in the morning with a full glass of water.”
D. “It is safe to take it at bedtime.”
Answer: C. “I will take it first thing in the morning with a full glass of water.”
Rationale: Alendronate must be taken on an empty stomach with water, and the
patient should remain upright for at least 30 minutes to prevent esophageal
irritation.
4. Which medication is contraindicated for a patient with a history of severe
asthma?
A. Albuterol
B. Atenolol
C. Montelukast
D. Prednisone
,Answer: B. Atenolol
Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction and may
precipitate asthma attacks.
5. A patient receiving vancomycin develops flushing and hypotension during the
infusion. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Stop the infusion immediately
B. Slow the infusion rate and monitor
C. Administer diphenhydramine
D. Document as a normal reaction
Answer: A. Stop the infusion immediately
Rationale: Flushing and hypotension indicate “red man syndrome,” a potentially
serious infusion reaction. The infusion should be stopped, and the provider
notified.
6. A patient on insulin therapy is experiencing diaphoresis, tremors, and
confusion. What is the nurse’s first action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Check blood glucose
C. Encourage oral fluids
D. Notify the provider
Answer: B. Check blood glucose
Rationale: These are signs of hypoglycemia. The nurse should first confirm low
blood glucose before administering glucose or other interventions.
, 7. A patient is prescribed lithium for bipolar disorder. Which laboratory value
requires immediate attention?
A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
B. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L
C. Lithium 2.0 mEq/L
D. Calcium 9.2 mg/dL
Answer: C. Lithium 2.0 mEq/L
Rationale: Therapeutic lithium levels range from 0.6–1.2 mEq/L. Levels above 1.5
mEq/L are toxic and require intervention.
8. A nurse is educating a patient starting on atorvastatin. Which statement by
the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
A. “I will take this medication at bedtime.”
B. “I should report unexplained muscle pain.”
C. “I can drink grapefruit juice with this medication.”
D. “I will follow a low-fat diet.”
Answer: C. “I can drink grapefruit juice with this medication.”
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can increase statin levels, increasing the risk of
myopathy and rhabdomyolysis.
9. A patient is prescribed albuterol inhaler for acute asthma attack. How should
the nurse instruct the patient to use it?
A. Shake the inhaler, exhale completely, inhale deeply while pressing the canister,
and hold breath 10 seconds
B. Inhale quickly without shaking the inhaler
C. Exhale slowly after inhalation
D. Use it after every meal
Answer: A. Shake the inhaler, exhale completely, inhale deeply while pressing the
canister, and hold breath 10 seconds
