NUR 445 Med-Surg Tips | Arizona College of Nursing

Helpful Med-Surg Tips!

Angina Precipitating Factors: 4 E’s

Exertion: physical activity and exercise

Eating

Emotional distress

Extreme temperatures: hot or cold weather

Arterial Occlusion: 4 P’s

Pain

Pulselessness or absent pulse

Pallor

Paresthesia

Congestive Heart Failure Treatment: MADD DOG

Morphine

Aminophylline

Digoxin

Dopamine

Diuretics

Oxygen

Gasses: Monitor arterial blood gasses

Heart Murmur Causes: SPASM

,Stenosis of a valve

Partial obstruction

Aneurysms

Septal defect

Mitral regurgitation

Heart Sounds: All People Enjoy the Movies

Aortic: 2nd right intercostal space

Pulmonic: 2nd left intercostal space

Erb’s Point: 3rd left intercostal space

Tricuspid: 4th left intercostal space

Mitral or Apex: 5th left intercostal space

Hypertension Care: DIURETIC

Daily weight

Intake and Output

Urine output

Response of blood pressure

Electrolytes

Take pulse

Ischemic episodes or TIAs

Complications: CVA, CAD, CHF, CRF

Shortness of Breath (SOB) Causes: 4As+4Ps

,Airway obstruction

Angina

Anxiety

Asthma

Pneumonia

Pneumothorax

Pulmonary Edema

Pulmonary Embolus

Stroke Signs: FAST

Face

Arms

Speech

Time

Compartment Syndrome Signs and Symptoms: 5 P’s

Pain

Pallor

Pulse declined or absent

Pressure increased

Paresthesia

Shock Signs and Symptoms: CHORD ITEM

Cold, clammy skin

, Hypotension

Oliguria

Rapid, shallow breathing

Drowsiness, confusion

Irritability

Tachycardia

Elevated or reduced central venous pressure

Multi-organ damage

Hypoglycemia Signs: TIRED

Tachycardia

Irritability

Restlessness

Excessive hunger

Depression and diaphoresis

Hypocalcemia Signs and Symptoms: CATS

Convulsions

Arrhythmias

Tetany

Stridor and spasms

Hypokalemia Signs and Symptoms: 6 L’s

Lethargy