MARYVILLE NURS 611 BUNDLED EXAMS
COMPLETE VERIFIED 2026 EXAMINATION
TEST QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Necrosis. Answer: Rapid loss of the plasma membrane structure,
organelle swelling, mitochondria dysfunction
⩥ What is the #1 cause of cellular injury leading to necrosis (especially
the kidney and heart). Answer: hypoxia
⩥ What is the #1 cause of hypoxia?. Answer: ischemia
⩥ Main component of a cell. Answer: nucleus
⩥ What does the nucleus contain?. Answer: nucleolus
⩥ What is the nucleolus composed of?. Answer: RNA, most of cellular
DNA, DNA binding proteins, and histones
⩥ Why are histone important?. Answer: histones bind to DNA and fold it
into chromosomes (chromatin) which is essential for cell division
,⩥ What are ribosomes?. Answer: RNA-protein complexes
(nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into
the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
complexes (NPCs)
⩥ Where can ribosomes be found?. Answer: cytoplasm and rough ER
⩥ what are ribosomes chief function?. Answer: provides sits for cellular
protein synthesis
⩥ What is the Golgi apparatus (complex)?. Answer: a network of flatten,
smooth membranes and vesicles frequently located near the nucleus of
the cell
⩥ What does the Golgi apparatus do?. Answer: takes proteins from the
ER and processes/packages them into small membrane-bound vesicles
called "secretory vesicles, and refines and directs traffic in the cell
⩥ What are lysosomes and what do they do?. Answer: maintain cellular
health by removal of toxic cellular components, removal of useless
organelles, termination of signal transduction, and signals cellular
adaption
, ⩥ How does aging affect lysosomes?. Answer: leads to progressive loss
of lysosomal efficiency which declines the regenerative capacity of
organs and tissue
⩥ What functions do lysosomal components integrate?. Answer: nutrient
abundance, energy levels, and cell stressors and will translate them into
instructions that regulate cellular metabolism toward either proliferation
or inactivity
⩥ What is mitochondria responsible for?. Answer: cellular respiration,
cellular metabolism , and energy production
⩥ What does the inner membrane of mitochondria contain?. Answer:
enzymes of the respiratory chain and are essential to the process of
oxidative phosphorylation that generates most of the cell's ATP
⩥ The mitochondrial matrix contains what kind of pathways (1), involve
what two things (2), and metabolizes what three things (3)?. Answer: 1-
metabolic
2- urea and heme synthesis
3- carbs, proteins, and lipids
⩥ What can accumulate intracellularly caused by stresses form
metabolic dearangements?. Answer: carbs, proteins, and lipids
COMPLETE VERIFIED 2026 EXAMINATION
TEST QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Necrosis. Answer: Rapid loss of the plasma membrane structure,
organelle swelling, mitochondria dysfunction
⩥ What is the #1 cause of cellular injury leading to necrosis (especially
the kidney and heart). Answer: hypoxia
⩥ What is the #1 cause of hypoxia?. Answer: ischemia
⩥ Main component of a cell. Answer: nucleus
⩥ What does the nucleus contain?. Answer: nucleolus
⩥ What is the nucleolus composed of?. Answer: RNA, most of cellular
DNA, DNA binding proteins, and histones
⩥ Why are histone important?. Answer: histones bind to DNA and fold it
into chromosomes (chromatin) which is essential for cell division
,⩥ What are ribosomes?. Answer: RNA-protein complexes
(nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into
the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
complexes (NPCs)
⩥ Where can ribosomes be found?. Answer: cytoplasm and rough ER
⩥ what are ribosomes chief function?. Answer: provides sits for cellular
protein synthesis
⩥ What is the Golgi apparatus (complex)?. Answer: a network of flatten,
smooth membranes and vesicles frequently located near the nucleus of
the cell
⩥ What does the Golgi apparatus do?. Answer: takes proteins from the
ER and processes/packages them into small membrane-bound vesicles
called "secretory vesicles, and refines and directs traffic in the cell
⩥ What are lysosomes and what do they do?. Answer: maintain cellular
health by removal of toxic cellular components, removal of useless
organelles, termination of signal transduction, and signals cellular
adaption
, ⩥ How does aging affect lysosomes?. Answer: leads to progressive loss
of lysosomal efficiency which declines the regenerative capacity of
organs and tissue
⩥ What functions do lysosomal components integrate?. Answer: nutrient
abundance, energy levels, and cell stressors and will translate them into
instructions that regulate cellular metabolism toward either proliferation
or inactivity
⩥ What is mitochondria responsible for?. Answer: cellular respiration,
cellular metabolism , and energy production
⩥ What does the inner membrane of mitochondria contain?. Answer:
enzymes of the respiratory chain and are essential to the process of
oxidative phosphorylation that generates most of the cell's ATP
⩥ The mitochondrial matrix contains what kind of pathways (1), involve
what two things (2), and metabolizes what three things (3)?. Answer: 1-
metabolic
2- urea and heme synthesis
3- carbs, proteins, and lipids
⩥ What can accumulate intracellularly caused by stresses form
metabolic dearangements?. Answer: carbs, proteins, and lipids
