neuro 210 clinical neuroscience- introduction
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cnbson
1. What is neurology
1. Neurology is the medical specialty encompassing dis-
Neurology is the medical specialty encompassing ______,
eases, conditions, and infections of the nervous system,
______, and ______ of the nervous system, which in-
which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral
cludes the ______, ______, and ______. Usually associ-
nerves. Usually associated with physical changes in ner-
ated with______ changes in nervous system.
vous system.
2. What is Psychiatry?
2. Psychiatry is the medical specialty encompassing the di-
Psychiatry is the medical specialty encompassing the
agnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illnesses and
______, ______, and prevention of ______ and includes
includes addiction and substance use disorders. Physical
______ and ______ use disorders. Physical changes in
changes in nervous system are usually not obvious.
nervous system are usually ______ ______.
3. Neuroscience is the scientific study of the brain and
3. What is Neuroscience?
nervous system, including molecular neuroscience, cellu-
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the ______
lar neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, psychophysics,
and ______ system, including ______ ______, ______,
and computational modeling.
______, ______, and ______modeling.
In the ___17th___ century was the beginning of scien-
In the ______ century was the beginning of scientific
tific studies on the brain, then in the _19_-___20th___
studies on the brain, then in the ______-______ centuries
centuries neurology and psychiatry were split into 2 path-
neurology and psychiatry were split into 2 pathways;
ways; neuroscience (formed in __1969_, less than 1000
neuroscience (formed in ______) were merged in until
ppl) were merged in until ___21st___ century is where
______ century is where they came together as clinical
they came together as clinical neuroscience (over 35,000
neuroscience
neuroscientist)
1. ~300 BC - Recognize that the brain is the major control-
Some very early ideas about brain function ling center in the body. Earlier ideas focused on the heart
~300 BC - Recognize that the brain is the _____ in the as the organ for perception, feelings etc. e.g. Aristotle,
body. Earlier ideas focused on the _____ e.g. Aristotle, ~350BC, thought the brain cooled the passions of the
~350BC, thought _____ heart.
~100 BC - Galen examined brains by_____ . Introduced 2. ~100 BC - Galen examined brains by vivisections in
animals. Introduced the idea of spirits (pneumata) circu-
1/8
, neuro 210 clinical neuroscience- introduction
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cnbson
lating between liver, heart and brain. Proposed that animal
spirits produced in the lining of the ventricles of the brain
the idea of _____ and _____ . Proposed that _____ , and
and flowed into nerves to produce movement, and that the
that the seat of the_____ was in the brain
seat of the 'rational soul' (capacity to solve problems) was
-Galen's ideas dominated thinking about the _____ for in the brain
more than _____ years!!
3. Galen's ideas dominated thinking about brain function
for more than 1500 years!!
1. Al-Zahrawi (936-1013)
Neuroscience in the Middle Ages ªSurgeon/physician, pioneer of neurosurgery ªFirst de-
1. who is Al-Zahrawi (936-1013)? Who is he? What surgery scription of surgery to relieve hydrocephalus
did he propose 2. Avicenna (980-1037)
2. who is Avicenna (980-1037)? What book did he write, ªConsidered the father of modern medicine
and what did he discover? ªThe Cannon of Medicine, a medical encyclopedia
ªEarly identification of schizophrenia
1. Founded modern anatomy by dissecting humans -first
pioneer of human neuroanatomy
2. Discovered that critical features of Galen's anatomy
were incorrect, e.g. the network of fine arteries at the base
of the brain found by Galen in animals is virtually absent
Andreus Vesalius (1514-1564) in humans. Galen considered this network was the link in
1. What did he find? How did he discover it? the transport of 'vital spirits' to and from the brain.
2. Who and how did he prove wrong our brain be different than cow/ other animal's brain
-still hasn't came up with how our brain could do this much
stuff
1. Proposed that spirits flowed to and fro from the pineal
gland (how we control ALL our actions) via nerves.
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cnbson
1. What is neurology
1. Neurology is the medical specialty encompassing dis-
Neurology is the medical specialty encompassing ______,
eases, conditions, and infections of the nervous system,
______, and ______ of the nervous system, which in-
which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral
cludes the ______, ______, and ______. Usually associ-
nerves. Usually associated with physical changes in ner-
ated with______ changes in nervous system.
vous system.
2. What is Psychiatry?
2. Psychiatry is the medical specialty encompassing the di-
Psychiatry is the medical specialty encompassing the
agnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illnesses and
______, ______, and prevention of ______ and includes
includes addiction and substance use disorders. Physical
______ and ______ use disorders. Physical changes in
changes in nervous system are usually not obvious.
nervous system are usually ______ ______.
3. Neuroscience is the scientific study of the brain and
3. What is Neuroscience?
nervous system, including molecular neuroscience, cellu-
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the ______
lar neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, psychophysics,
and ______ system, including ______ ______, ______,
and computational modeling.
______, ______, and ______modeling.
In the ___17th___ century was the beginning of scien-
In the ______ century was the beginning of scientific
tific studies on the brain, then in the _19_-___20th___
studies on the brain, then in the ______-______ centuries
centuries neurology and psychiatry were split into 2 path-
neurology and psychiatry were split into 2 pathways;
ways; neuroscience (formed in __1969_, less than 1000
neuroscience (formed in ______) were merged in until
ppl) were merged in until ___21st___ century is where
______ century is where they came together as clinical
they came together as clinical neuroscience (over 35,000
neuroscience
neuroscientist)
1. ~300 BC - Recognize that the brain is the major control-
Some very early ideas about brain function ling center in the body. Earlier ideas focused on the heart
~300 BC - Recognize that the brain is the _____ in the as the organ for perception, feelings etc. e.g. Aristotle,
body. Earlier ideas focused on the _____ e.g. Aristotle, ~350BC, thought the brain cooled the passions of the
~350BC, thought _____ heart.
~100 BC - Galen examined brains by_____ . Introduced 2. ~100 BC - Galen examined brains by vivisections in
animals. Introduced the idea of spirits (pneumata) circu-
1/8
, neuro 210 clinical neuroscience- introduction
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cnbson
lating between liver, heart and brain. Proposed that animal
spirits produced in the lining of the ventricles of the brain
the idea of _____ and _____ . Proposed that _____ , and
and flowed into nerves to produce movement, and that the
that the seat of the_____ was in the brain
seat of the 'rational soul' (capacity to solve problems) was
-Galen's ideas dominated thinking about the _____ for in the brain
more than _____ years!!
3. Galen's ideas dominated thinking about brain function
for more than 1500 years!!
1. Al-Zahrawi (936-1013)
Neuroscience in the Middle Ages ªSurgeon/physician, pioneer of neurosurgery ªFirst de-
1. who is Al-Zahrawi (936-1013)? Who is he? What surgery scription of surgery to relieve hydrocephalus
did he propose 2. Avicenna (980-1037)
2. who is Avicenna (980-1037)? What book did he write, ªConsidered the father of modern medicine
and what did he discover? ªThe Cannon of Medicine, a medical encyclopedia
ªEarly identification of schizophrenia
1. Founded modern anatomy by dissecting humans -first
pioneer of human neuroanatomy
2. Discovered that critical features of Galen's anatomy
were incorrect, e.g. the network of fine arteries at the base
of the brain found by Galen in animals is virtually absent
Andreus Vesalius (1514-1564) in humans. Galen considered this network was the link in
1. What did he find? How did he discover it? the transport of 'vital spirits' to and from the brain.
2. Who and how did he prove wrong our brain be different than cow/ other animal's brain
-still hasn't came up with how our brain could do this much
stuff
1. Proposed that spirits flowed to and fro from the pineal
gland (how we control ALL our actions) via nerves.
2/8
