PHAR1101 lecture 17-24 Questions and Answers
1. steroid organic compounds with 4 carbon rings
hormones:
1. cortico s
- glucocorticoids(e.g. cortisol)
- mineralocorticoids
2. female sex hormones
- estrogens
- progesterone
3. male sex hormones
- androgens(e.g. testosterone)
2. corticosteroids used widely in clinical practice
anti-inflammation:
- asthma(inhaled)
- hay fever
- arthritis and join injuries
- dermatitis and eczema
- inflammatory bowel disease
- premature infants
and many more
side ettects:
severe especially with high doses and oral routes
cushingoid - may develop
- fat moon faces
- buttalo hump on top of back
- pendulous abdomen (due to changes in fat formation)
- thin skin - brushing stretch marks
- other issues
, PHAR1101 lecture 17-24 Questions and Answers
3. estrogen, prog- used in
esterone - birth control
- treating menstrual irregularities
- post-menopausal
4. endogenous an- - produced by the body
drogens - secreted during development(testosterone)
- levels skyrocket during puberty
ettects can be
androgenic - mascunalising
- foetal masculine characteristics
- pubertal changes
- maintaining masculine features
- spermatogenesis
or anabolic - growth stimulating
- ^ protein synthesis in growing tissues
- ^ muscle and bone mass
- maintenance of ^ mass
5. testosterone synthesis is tightly controlled
6. legal use of AAS
when used for treating androgen deficiency
- congenital or acquired
- life expectancy is normal
- but significant ettects == =v i=g o u r, =b=
one and msucle
mass =rb=c count
, PHAR1101 lecture 17-24 Questions and Answers
treated by androgen replcment therapy(ART) ( testosterone by intramuscular
injection(2-3 weeks) or skin cream daily.
7. AAS misuse when it is still prescribed clinically by a doctor
so it is still legal but inappropriate
i.e. for condition not appropriate such as infertility or erectile dysfunction.
8. AAA must not be used when:
- prostate or breast cancer( i.e. tumours that respond to
hormones)
- high RBC count (sludgy blood = increased risk of
stroke)
- uncontrolled heart failure
- sleep apnoea
9. illegal use of AAS involves using androgens obtained WITHOUT a legal prescription.
- spoting: competivice, usually powersports
- professional: bouncers, security, wrestling
- recreational: body builders, for bodily look/aesthetics
aslo called steroid abuse
- in Australia has TRIPLED between 2001-2019
10. Brown-Séquard 19th-century doctor who injected himself with testicular extracts from guinea pigs
and dogs
--> claimed it "restored vitality"
However recent study found- level of testosterone would have been too low fro
any ettect
but still 1st form of androgen use
11. history of steroid WWII- testosterone used by Nazi soldiers to ^ strength and aggression
use 1954 - USSR weightlifters use, and dominate sport, so it spread to other pow-
1. steroid organic compounds with 4 carbon rings
hormones:
1. cortico s
- glucocorticoids(e.g. cortisol)
- mineralocorticoids
2. female sex hormones
- estrogens
- progesterone
3. male sex hormones
- androgens(e.g. testosterone)
2. corticosteroids used widely in clinical practice
anti-inflammation:
- asthma(inhaled)
- hay fever
- arthritis and join injuries
- dermatitis and eczema
- inflammatory bowel disease
- premature infants
and many more
side ettects:
severe especially with high doses and oral routes
cushingoid - may develop
- fat moon faces
- buttalo hump on top of back
- pendulous abdomen (due to changes in fat formation)
- thin skin - brushing stretch marks
- other issues
, PHAR1101 lecture 17-24 Questions and Answers
3. estrogen, prog- used in
esterone - birth control
- treating menstrual irregularities
- post-menopausal
4. endogenous an- - produced by the body
drogens - secreted during development(testosterone)
- levels skyrocket during puberty
ettects can be
androgenic - mascunalising
- foetal masculine characteristics
- pubertal changes
- maintaining masculine features
- spermatogenesis
or anabolic - growth stimulating
- ^ protein synthesis in growing tissues
- ^ muscle and bone mass
- maintenance of ^ mass
5. testosterone synthesis is tightly controlled
6. legal use of AAS
when used for treating androgen deficiency
- congenital or acquired
- life expectancy is normal
- but significant ettects == =v i=g o u r, =b=
one and msucle
mass =rb=c count
, PHAR1101 lecture 17-24 Questions and Answers
treated by androgen replcment therapy(ART) ( testosterone by intramuscular
injection(2-3 weeks) or skin cream daily.
7. AAS misuse when it is still prescribed clinically by a doctor
so it is still legal but inappropriate
i.e. for condition not appropriate such as infertility or erectile dysfunction.
8. AAA must not be used when:
- prostate or breast cancer( i.e. tumours that respond to
hormones)
- high RBC count (sludgy blood = increased risk of
stroke)
- uncontrolled heart failure
- sleep apnoea
9. illegal use of AAS involves using androgens obtained WITHOUT a legal prescription.
- spoting: competivice, usually powersports
- professional: bouncers, security, wrestling
- recreational: body builders, for bodily look/aesthetics
aslo called steroid abuse
- in Australia has TRIPLED between 2001-2019
10. Brown-Séquard 19th-century doctor who injected himself with testicular extracts from guinea pigs
and dogs
--> claimed it "restored vitality"
However recent study found- level of testosterone would have been too low fro
any ettect
but still 1st form of androgen use
11. history of steroid WWII- testosterone used by Nazi soldiers to ^ strength and aggression
use 1954 - USSR weightlifters use, and dominate sport, so it spread to other pow-
