HESI 101 LATEST EXAM 2024 ACTUAL EXAM / HESI EXIT COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW TEST BANK 600 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | ALREADY GRADED A+

HESI 101 LATEST EXAM 2024 ACTUAL EXAM / HESI EXIT
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW TEST BANK 600 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |
ALREADY GRADED A+

A]client's]laboratory]values]demonstrate]an]increased]serum]calcium]level,]and]furth
er]diagnostic]tests]reveal]hyperparathyroidism.]What]clinical]manifestations]might]t
he]nurse]identify]when]assessing]this]client?]Select]all]that]apply.
A)]Muscle]tremors
B)]Abdominal]cramps
C)]Increased]peristalsis
D)]Cardiac]dysrhythmias
E)]Hypoactive]bowel]sounds]-]ANSWER-D)]Cardiac]dysrhythmias
E)]Hypoactive]bowel]sounds
]-
]When]the]serum]calcium]level]is]increased,]initially]it]causes]tachycardia;]as]it]

progresses,]it]depresses]electrical]conduction]in]the]heart,]causing]bradycardia.]
Hypercalcemia]causes]decreased]peristalsis]identified]by]constipation]and]hypo
active]or]absent]bowel]sounds.]Muscle]tremors]occur]with]hypocalcemia,]not]hy
percalcemia.]Abdominal]cramps]occur]with]hypocalcemia,]not]hypercalcemia.]
Increased]intestinal]peristalsis]occurs]with]hypocalcemia,]not]hypercalcemia.


After]assessing]a]client,]the]nurse]anticipates]that]the]client]has]hyperpituitarism.]Wh
ich]questions]asked]by]the]nurse]helps]confirm]the]diagnosis?]Select]all]that]apply.
A)]"Is]there]any]change]in]your]vision?"
B)]"Do]you]experience]severe]headaches?"
C)]"Are]you]suffering]with]frequent]urination?"
D)]"Do]you]eat]more]than]five]times]a]day?"

,E)]"Is]there]any]change]in]your]menstrual]cycle?]-]ANSWER-
A)]"Is]there]any]change]in]your]vision?"
B)]"Do]you]experience]severe]headaches?"
E)]"Is]there]any]change]in]your]menstrual]cycle?
]-
]Hyperpituitarism]manifests]with]vision]disturbances]and]severe]headaches.]Du

e]to]hypersecretion]of]prolactin]in]females,]a]change]in]menstrual]cycle]may]also
]be]observed.]Frequent]urination]is]observed]in]a]client]with]diabetes]insipidus.]

Clients]with]diabetes]mellitus]experience]intense]hunger.


The]nurse]is]teaching]a]nursing]student]about]caring]for]a]client]who]is]undergoing]bl
ood]studies]for]antidiuretic]hormone]stimulation.]Which]statements]made]by]the]nurs
ing]student]indicate]effective]instruction?]Select]all]that]apply.
A)]"I]will]assess]the]pulse]rate]after]rehydrating]the]client."
B)]"I]will]perform]the]test]if]the]serum]sodium]level]is]high."
C)]"I]will]perform]the]test]if]the]osmolarity]is]200]mOsm](mmol)/kg."
D)]"I]will]hydrate]the]client]with]oral]fluids]before]performing]the]test."
E)]"I]will]discontinue]the]test]if]the]client's]weight]loss]is]greater]than]4.4]lbs](2]kg)."]
-]ANSWER-A)]"I]will]assess]the]pulse]rate]after]rehydrating]the]client."
C)]"I]will]perform]the]test]if]the]osmolarity]is]200]mOsm](mmol)/kg."
E)]"I]will]discontinue]the]test]if]the]client's]weight]loss]is]greater]than]4.4]lbs](2]kg)."
]-
]The]client's]pulse]rate]and]blood]pressure]should]be]assessed]after]rehydration]

for]orthostatic]hypertension]after]the]procedure]to]ensure]adequate]fluid]volum
e.]The]test]should]be]performed]if]the]serum]osmolarity]is]less]than]300]mOsm](
mmol)/kg]to]avoid]severe]dehydration]in]clients]who]have]central]or]nephrogeni
c]diabetes]insipidus.]The]test]should]be]discontinued]if]the]client's]weight]loss]is]
greater]than]2]kg.]The]test]should]not]be]performed]if]the]serum]sodium]levels]a
re]high]because]severe]dehydration]may]develop]in]central]or]nephrogenic]diab
etes]insipidus]clients.]The]client]should]have]nothing]by]mouth]before]the]test.]O

,ral]fluids]are]given]to]the]client]to]rehydrate]if]the]client]is]experiencing]dehydr
ation]during]the]test.


Because]of]multiple]physical]injuries]and]emotional]concerns,]a]hospitalized]client]is
]at]high]risk]to]develop]a]stress]ulcer](Curling).]Which]of]these]is]evidence]of]a]stress]

ulcer?
A)]Unexplained]shock
B)]Melena]for]several]days
C)]A]sudden]massive]hemorrhage
D)]A]gradual]drop]in]the]hematocrit]value]-]ANSWER-
C)]A]sudden]massive]hemorrhage
]-
]Stress]ulcers]are]asymptomatic]until]they]produce]massive]hematemesis]and]re

ctal]bleeding.]Shock]is]the]outcome]of]massive]hemorrhage;]it]is]not]unexplaine
d]because]the]sudden]gastrointestinal]bleeding]will]be]identified.]Sudden]massiv
e]bleeding]occurs,]not]the]slow]oozing]that]causes]melena.]A]gradual]drop]in]the]
hematocrit]value]indicates]slow]blood]loss.


During]a]home]visit]to]a]client,]the]nurse]identifies]tremors]of]the]client's]hands.]Whe
n]discussing]this]assessment,]the]client]reports]being]nervous,]having]difficulty]sleep
ing,]and]feeling]as]if]the]collars]of]shirts]are]getting]tight.]Of]the]additional]assessme
nt]findings,]which]one]should]the]nurse]report]to]the]practitioner?
A)]Increased]appetite
B)]Recent]weight]loss
C)]Feelings]of]warmth
D)]Fluttering]in]the]chest]-]ANSWER-D)]Fluttering]in]the]chest
]-
]Many]of]these]problems]are]associated]with]hyperthyroidism;]palpitations]may

]indicate]cardiovascular]changes]requiring]prompt]intervention.]The]increased]

metabolism]associated]with]hyperthyroidism]can]lead]to]heart]failure.]Althoug

, h]an]increased]appetite]becomes]a]compensatory]mechanism]for]the]increased]
metabolism]associated]with]hyperthyroidism,]it]is]not]life]threatening.]Althoug
h]unexplained]weight]loss]can]result]from]catabolism]associated]with]hyperthyr
oidism,]it]is]not]life]threatening.]Although]a]feeling]of]warmth]caused]by]the]inc
reased]metabolism]associated]with]hyperthyroidism]is]uncomfortable,]it]is]not]l
ife]threatening.


Two]clients]with]polydipsia]and]polyuria]arrived]at]the]hospital.]Both]were]having]si
milar]symptoms]but]were]diagnosed]with]different]types]of]diabetes]insipidus.]Whic
h]assessment]finding]helped]to]differentiate]the]diagnosis?
A)]Urine]output
B)]Specific]gravity
C)]Urine]osmolarity
D)]Serum]osmolarity]-]ANSWER-C)]Urine]osmolarity
]-
]Polydipsia]and]polyuria]are]signs]of]diabetes]insipidus.]When]a]water]deprivati

on]test]is]performed,]urine]osmolarity]is]increased]dramatically]from]100]to]600
]mOsm](mmol)/kg]in]clients]with]central]diabetes]insipidus.]But]in]nephrogenic]

diabetes]insipidus,]the]urine]osmolarity]may]not]be]greater]than]300]mOsm](m
mol)/kg.]The]urine]output]is]2]L]to]20]L/day]in]all]types]of]diabetes]insipidus.]Th
e]specific]gravity]is]less]than]1.005]in]all]types]of]diabetes]insipidus]and]the]seru
m]osmolarity]is]also]greater]than]295]mOsm](mmol)/kg]in]all]types]of]diabetes]i
nsipidus.


A]nurse]administers]the]prescribed]regular]insulin](Novolin]R)]to]a]client]in]DKA.]In]
addition,]the]nurse]anticipates]that]the]IV]solution]prescribed]will]contain]potassium]
to]replenish]potassium]ions]in]the]extracellular]fluid]that]are]being:]
A)]Rapidly]lost]from]the]body]by]copious]diaphoresis]present]during]coma]
B)]Carried]with]glucose]to]the]kidneys]to]be]excreted]in]the]urine]in]increased]amoun
ts]