,HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology 2026 – Premium Study
Guide (Graded A+) | 179 Updated Questions and Answers
TRUSTED SOURCE AND VERIFIED, GRADED A+
, Page 2
1. A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected heart failure. Which anatomical structure is
primarily responsible for the regulation of blood volume and pressure?
A. Atria
B. Ventricles
C. Kidneys
D. Aorta
ANSWER ~C
2. During a physical examination, a nurse notes decreased breath sounds in the left lung base. What
anatomical change could explain this finding?
A. Pneumothorax
B. Pleural effusion
C. Pulmonary embolism
D. Asthma exacerbation
ANSWER ~B
3. A patient with diabetes mellitus presents with polyuria and polydipsia. Which physiological
mechanism is primarily responsible for these symptoms?
A. Increased insulin secretion
B. Glucosuria-induced osmotic diuresis
C. Decreased renal perfusion
D. Hypoglycemia
ANSWER ~B
4. In evaluating a patient with a suspected stroke, which area of the brain should the nurse assess
for motor function impairment?
A. Cerebellum
B. Frontal lobe
C. Occipital lobe
D. Temporal lobe
ANSWER ~B
, Page 3
5. A nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). Which anatomical structure's impairment should the nurse prioritize in nursing
interventions?
A. Alveoli
B. Bronchi
C. Pleura
D. Diaphragm
ANSWER ~A
6. During a routine lab assessment, a nurse notes elevated serum calcium levels. Which gland's
dysfunction could most likely contribute to this abnormality?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Parathyroid gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Adrenal gland
ANSWER ~B
7. What anatomical feature allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between blood
and tissues?
A. Arteries
B. Capillaries
C. Veins
D. Venules
ANSWER ~B
8. A patient presents with jaundice and elevated liver enzymes. Which anatomical structure's
dysfunction is most likely involved in this condition?
A. Gallbladder
B. Hepatocytes
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
ANSWER ~B
Guide (Graded A+) | 179 Updated Questions and Answers
TRUSTED SOURCE AND VERIFIED, GRADED A+
, Page 2
1. A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected heart failure. Which anatomical structure is
primarily responsible for the regulation of blood volume and pressure?
A. Atria
B. Ventricles
C. Kidneys
D. Aorta
ANSWER ~C
2. During a physical examination, a nurse notes decreased breath sounds in the left lung base. What
anatomical change could explain this finding?
A. Pneumothorax
B. Pleural effusion
C. Pulmonary embolism
D. Asthma exacerbation
ANSWER ~B
3. A patient with diabetes mellitus presents with polyuria and polydipsia. Which physiological
mechanism is primarily responsible for these symptoms?
A. Increased insulin secretion
B. Glucosuria-induced osmotic diuresis
C. Decreased renal perfusion
D. Hypoglycemia
ANSWER ~B
4. In evaluating a patient with a suspected stroke, which area of the brain should the nurse assess
for motor function impairment?
A. Cerebellum
B. Frontal lobe
C. Occipital lobe
D. Temporal lobe
ANSWER ~B
, Page 3
5. A nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). Which anatomical structure's impairment should the nurse prioritize in nursing
interventions?
A. Alveoli
B. Bronchi
C. Pleura
D. Diaphragm
ANSWER ~A
6. During a routine lab assessment, a nurse notes elevated serum calcium levels. Which gland's
dysfunction could most likely contribute to this abnormality?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Parathyroid gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Adrenal gland
ANSWER ~B
7. What anatomical feature allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between blood
and tissues?
A. Arteries
B. Capillaries
C. Veins
D. Venules
ANSWER ~B
8. A patient presents with jaundice and elevated liver enzymes. Which anatomical structure's
dysfunction is most likely involved in this condition?
A. Gallbladder
B. Hepatocytes
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
ANSWER ~B
