Test Bank For Fundamentals of Human Physiology 1st Edition by Stuart Ira Fox

Test Bank For Fundamentals of Human Physiology 1st Edition by Stuart Ira Fox. 1. The study of how disease or injury alters physiological processes is termed A. Comparative physiology B. The scientific method C. Pathophysiology D. Anatomy 2. Physiology A. Emphasizes cause-and-effect mechanisms B. Includes the fields of chemistry and psychology C. Ignores the scientific method D. Ultimately strives to understand the structures of individual cells 3. The term homeostasis is defined as the dynamic constancy of the internal environment. True False 4. Negative feedback results in a response that opposes that of the original stimulus. True False 5. Blood clotting is an example of positive feedback since the action of the effector amplifies that of the stimulus. True False 6. An integrating center of a negative feedback loop has the function of analyzing information from many different sensors about deviations from a set point and then altering the activity of particular effectors to compensate for the deviation. True False 7. An integrating center sends information to a(n) A. Sensor B. Effector C. Brain region D. Thermostat 8. The endocrine regulation of blood glucose concentration is an example of a(n) A. Antagonistic effector B. Positive feedback loop C. Negative feedback loop D. Both antagonistic effector and negative feedback loop are correct 9. ____________ and ____________ are often regulators of effectors in most feedback loops. A. Enzymes; neurotransmitters B. Hormones; neurotransmitters C. Nerves; enzymes D. Hormones; nerves E. Enzymes; hormones 10. A decrease in mean arterial pressure is detected by A. An effector B. An integrating center C. A sensor D. A chemical messenger 11. Which of the following systems is NOT primarily involved in maintaining homeostasis? A. The endocrine system B. The nervous system C. Both the endocrine system and the nervous system D. The reproductive system 12. Neutrons are uncharged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. True False 13. An element with 5 protons, 5 neutrons and 5 electrons would have an atomic number of 15. True False 14. The __________ is the physical space which an electron occupies in an atom. A. Nucleus B. Orbital C. Energy level D. Both orbital and energy level are correct 15. The _______________ electrons are the outer most electrons of an atom. A. Cation B. Valence C. Atomic D. Anion 16. Molecules with polar covalent bonds are hydrophilic. True False 17. Negatively charged ions will migrate toward the anode in an electrical field. True False 18. Hydrogen bonds form between the partially charged atoms of two polar molecules, such as the slightly negatively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the slightly positively charged oxygen atom of another. True False 19. Atoms sharing a pair of electrons form ionic bonds. True False 20. _______________ bonds are formed when atoms share electrons unequally. A. Nonpolar covalent B. Ionic C. Polar covalent D. van der Waals 21. Hydration spheres can be formed by compounds which contain _______________ bonds. A. Nonpolar covalent B. Polar covalent C. Ionic D. Both polar covalent and ionic are correct 22. Hydrophobic molecules contain _______________ bonds. A. Nonpolar covalent B. Polar covalent C. Hydrogen D. Ionic 23. Surface tension between water molecules occurs because adjacent water molecules form _______ bonds with each other. A. Nonpolar covalent B. Polar covalent C. Hydrogen D. Ionic 24. The atomic nucleus does not contain _______________, which are negatively charged subatomic particles. A. Protons B. Electrons C. Neutrons 25. An element with 11 neutrons, 11 protons and 11 electrons would have an atomic mass of ____. A. 11 B. 33 C. 22 D. Cannot be determined 26. An atom with 5 protons, 5 neutrons and 6 electrons would have a net charge of A. -1 B. -2 C. +1 D. +2 27. Bonds that are formed between oxygen and hydrogen atoms in water molecules are called A. Hydrogen bonds B. Ionic bonds C. Nonpolar covalent bonds D. Polar covalent bonds 28. The type of bond found in sodium chloride is A. An ionic bond B. A polar covalent bond C. A hydrogen bond D. A nonpolar covalent bond 29. Which of the following would be most easily broken? A. A hydrogen bond B. A nonpolar covalent bond C. An ionic bond D. A polar covalent bond 30. The pH of a solution is directly proportional to the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution. True False 31. Acids release hydrogen ions into solutions. True False 32. As the pH of the blood decreases, the amount of hydrogen ions in the blood would decrease. True False 33. The pH of a solution increases as the _______________ ion concentration decreases. A. Hydrogen B. Hydroxide C. Bicarbonate D. Sodium 34. In an acidic solution, A. The OH- ion concentration is greater than the H+ ion concentration B. The OH- ion concentration is less than the H+ ion concentration C. The H+ ion concentration is equal to the OH- ion concentration D. The H+ ion concentration is less than the OH- ion concentration only if the solution is buffered 35. A blood pH of 7.6 is A. Indicative of acidosis B. Indicative of alkalosis C. In the normal physiological range D. Indicative of effective buffering by the bicarbonate/carbonic acid system 36. Regarding acids and bases, A. Acids will increase the pH of a solution B. Bases will decrease the pH of a solution C. Acids will accept hydrogen ions in a solution D. Bases will accept hydrogen ions in a solution 37. Fats and carbohydrates are the primary energy stores in the body. True False 38. Glucose, galactose and fructose can be considered structural isomers of each other. True False 39. Fructose is a ketone. True False 40. Covalent bonds are formed between monosaccharides through dehydration synthesis. True False 41. When a water molecule dissociates, it forms a/an _______________ ion and a hydrogen ion. A. Hydroxide B. Bicarbonate C. Hydronium D. Water 42. A solution of a pH above 7 is called _______________. A. Acidic B. Neutral C. Basic 43. Bases will _______________ protons in a solution. A. Accept B. Donate C. Ignore D. Repel 44. Carbohydrate molecules have a ratio of twice as many oxygen atoms to carbon atoms. True False 45. Sucrose is a disaccharide that is composed of _______________ and _______________. A. Glucose and glucose B. Glucose and galactose C. Glucose and fructose D. Fructose and galactose 46. Glycogen A. Is more highly branched than plant starch B. Is a glycoprotein found in the liver C. Is a glycolipid found in skeletal muscles D. Is composed of alternating glucose and galactose molecules 47. Rapid, uncontrolled hydrolysis of body fats can result in ketoacidosis. True False 48. Corticosteroids are a type of lipid commonly found in cell membranes. True False 49. Steroids are derived from cholesterol. True False 50. Which of the following is NOT a type of lipid? A. Prostaglandins B. Triglycerides C. Cholesterol D. Glycogen