CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3: The CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3,
"Plant Kingdom," includes all of the possible NCERT-based texts from this chapter that may
be found on the CBSE Class 11 Biology exam.
After fully comprehending the chapter, students can practice these notes as well as the
crucial diagrams. It is advised that students download the free PDF and review the
significant subjects addressed in this chapter.
CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3 Overview
The Plant Kingdom chapter in CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3 colorfully covers all
aspects of botany. Pay close attention to the notes created by subject matter experts to
thoroughly prepare this chapter. The ideas and principles of botany will all become more
comprehensible. This chapter's explanations are simple to understand, and you'll be able to
correctly respond to basic exam questions.
Since biology is one of the courses required for both competitive and board exams, students
should devote enough time to studying this subject. The chapter covers a variety of subjects,
including Eichler's categorization, the plant kingdom, and the classification of the plant
kingdom. Additionally, monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants will be introduced to the
students. All of these subjects are covered in great detail in CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes
Chapter 3. Students can use these notes to get a succinct summary of the chapter as well.
CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3
Based on the complexity of the body (unicellular and multicellular), the complexity of the cell
structure (prokaryotic and eukaryotic), and the mechanism of nourishment (autotrophs and
heterotrophs), Whittaker divided all living things into five kingdoms.
Classification of the Plant Kingdom
Three categories can be applied to all classification schemes, ranging from Aristotle's to the
twentieth century:
1. Artificial System: A small number of morphological features serve as the basis for
classification in this system.
Theophrastus, Pliny, and Linnaeus employed a fictitious classification scheme.
2. Natural System: All significant connected characters serve as the basis for categorization
in this system. both outside and within. A natural system of classification was employed by
Bentham, Hooker, Adanson, and Candolle.
, 3. Phylogenetic System: Plants are categorized according to their evolutionary
relationships. It was Eichler, Blessy, Whittaker, Engler, and Prantl, Hutchinson who used
phylogeny to classify.
Numerical Taxonomy: Computer-based taxonomy based on statistical techniques of equal
weight.
Taxonomy based on cytology or the cellular structure (number of chromosomes, form,
behavior, etc.) is called cytotaxonomy.
Chemotaxonomy: Plant taxonomy based on chemical components (protein composition,
DNA sequencing, flavor, aroma, etc.).
Plant kingdom classification based on flowering is known as the Eichler
classification. separated into two groups: Phanerogamae (flowering, seed-bearing plants)
and Cryptogamae (non-flowering, seedless plants).
The three groups of Cryptogamae are Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta based on
the plant body.
Thallophyta: The undifferentiated plant body of the species resembles a thallus.
Bryophyta: a class of plants with stem- and root-like structures without vascular tissues.
Pteridophyta: The real roots, stems, and leaves are distinct parts of the plant body. So-called
vascular cryptogams contain vascular tissues.
Thallophytes Again Divided Into:
● Algae (pigmented thallophytes)
● Fungi (non-pigmented thallophytes)
● Lichens: Symbiotic association between algae and fungi.
Phanerogamae is Divided Into Two:
● Gymnosperms (naked seed plants) and
● Angiosperma (covered seeded plants)
Angiosperms Are Again Divided Into Two:
● Monocots (bearing single cotyledon, fibrous root system, and parallel venation)
● Dicots (have two cotyledons, taproot system, and reticulate venation).
Tracheophytes are the group that includes Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, and Pteridophytes
because they have vascular tissue.
The Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms are referred to as
Embryophyta because of the presence of embryos.
"Plant Kingdom," includes all of the possible NCERT-based texts from this chapter that may
be found on the CBSE Class 11 Biology exam.
After fully comprehending the chapter, students can practice these notes as well as the
crucial diagrams. It is advised that students download the free PDF and review the
significant subjects addressed in this chapter.
CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3 Overview
The Plant Kingdom chapter in CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3 colorfully covers all
aspects of botany. Pay close attention to the notes created by subject matter experts to
thoroughly prepare this chapter. The ideas and principles of botany will all become more
comprehensible. This chapter's explanations are simple to understand, and you'll be able to
correctly respond to basic exam questions.
Since biology is one of the courses required for both competitive and board exams, students
should devote enough time to studying this subject. The chapter covers a variety of subjects,
including Eichler's categorization, the plant kingdom, and the classification of the plant
kingdom. Additionally, monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants will be introduced to the
students. All of these subjects are covered in great detail in CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes
Chapter 3. Students can use these notes to get a succinct summary of the chapter as well.
CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 3
Based on the complexity of the body (unicellular and multicellular), the complexity of the cell
structure (prokaryotic and eukaryotic), and the mechanism of nourishment (autotrophs and
heterotrophs), Whittaker divided all living things into five kingdoms.
Classification of the Plant Kingdom
Three categories can be applied to all classification schemes, ranging from Aristotle's to the
twentieth century:
1. Artificial System: A small number of morphological features serve as the basis for
classification in this system.
Theophrastus, Pliny, and Linnaeus employed a fictitious classification scheme.
2. Natural System: All significant connected characters serve as the basis for categorization
in this system. both outside and within. A natural system of classification was employed by
Bentham, Hooker, Adanson, and Candolle.
, 3. Phylogenetic System: Plants are categorized according to their evolutionary
relationships. It was Eichler, Blessy, Whittaker, Engler, and Prantl, Hutchinson who used
phylogeny to classify.
Numerical Taxonomy: Computer-based taxonomy based on statistical techniques of equal
weight.
Taxonomy based on cytology or the cellular structure (number of chromosomes, form,
behavior, etc.) is called cytotaxonomy.
Chemotaxonomy: Plant taxonomy based on chemical components (protein composition,
DNA sequencing, flavor, aroma, etc.).
Plant kingdom classification based on flowering is known as the Eichler
classification. separated into two groups: Phanerogamae (flowering, seed-bearing plants)
and Cryptogamae (non-flowering, seedless plants).
The three groups of Cryptogamae are Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta based on
the plant body.
Thallophyta: The undifferentiated plant body of the species resembles a thallus.
Bryophyta: a class of plants with stem- and root-like structures without vascular tissues.
Pteridophyta: The real roots, stems, and leaves are distinct parts of the plant body. So-called
vascular cryptogams contain vascular tissues.
Thallophytes Again Divided Into:
● Algae (pigmented thallophytes)
● Fungi (non-pigmented thallophytes)
● Lichens: Symbiotic association between algae and fungi.
Phanerogamae is Divided Into Two:
● Gymnosperms (naked seed plants) and
● Angiosperma (covered seeded plants)
Angiosperms Are Again Divided Into Two:
● Monocots (bearing single cotyledon, fibrous root system, and parallel venation)
● Dicots (have two cotyledons, taproot system, and reticulate venation).
Tracheophytes are the group that includes Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, and Pteridophytes
because they have vascular tissue.
The Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms are referred to as
Embryophyta because of the presence of embryos.
