WGU D466 ADULT HEALTH 2 EXAM 2|126
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026
Deliver oxygen to and expel carbon dioxide from the body, works in conjunction
with the circulatory system
Upper respiratory system warms and filters air
Lower respiratory system accomplishes gas exchange - CORRECT ANSWER Purpose
of the Respiratory System
Nose, sinuses and nasal passages, pharynx, tonsils and adenoids, larynx (epiglottis,
glottis, vocal cords, and cartilages), trachea - CORRECT ANSWER Structures of the
Upper Respiratory Tract
Determine lung function and breathing difficulties
Measure lung volumes and capacities, diffusion capacity, gas exchange, flow rates,
and airway resistance, along with distribution of ventilation
Helpful in identifying clients who have lung disease - CORRECT ANSWER
Pulmonary Function Tests
Reports the status of oxygenation and acid-base balance of the blood
Measures:
-pH: amount of free hydrogen ions in the arterial blood
-PaO2: partial pressure of oxygen
-PaCO2: partial pressure of carbon dioxide
-HCO3: concentration of bicarbonate in arterial blood
,-SaO2: percentage of oxygen bound to Hgb as compared with the total amount
that can be possibly carried
Can be obtained by an arterial puncture or through an arterial line - CORRECT
ANSWER Arterial Blood Gases
Two lungs: five lobes
-Left: upper and lower
-Right: upper, middle, lower
Pleura, mediastinum, bronchi and bronchioles, alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER Lower
Respiratory System Structures
Where gas exchange takes place (diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide)
Alveolar-capillary membrane
Types of alveolar cells
Surfactant - CORRECT ANSWER Alveoli
Oxygen crosses the alveolar-capillary membrane into arterial blood by diffusion,
perfusion carries oxygenated blood to all body tissues
Oxygen diffuses from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial
pressure
Oxygen is transported to the cells of the body by combining with hemoglobin, this
combining is called oxyhemoglobin, HgbO2 - CORRECT ANSWER Perfusion: Oxygen
Transport
Carbon dioxide is the end product of metabolic combustion
,Carbon dioxide crosses the alveolar-capillary membrane into venous blood by
diffusion, perfusion carries deoxygenated blood back to the lungs
Carbon dioxide diffuses more easily than oxygen across the alveolar-capillary
membrane - CORRECT ANSWER Perfusion: Carbon Dioxide Transport
Process of gas exchange between the atmospheric air and the blood between the
blood and cells of the body
Oxygen concentration in capillaries of the lungs is lower than in the alveoli
Due to this concentration gradient: oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood
Movement of air in and out of the airways continually replenishes the oxygen and
removes the carbon dioxide from the airways and lungs - CORRECT ANSWER
Respiration
Thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber
Diaphragm is the floor of this chamber
Inspiration: contraction of the diaphragm and contraction of external intercostal
muscles increases space in the thoracic chamber, lowering intrathoracic pressure;
air enters the airways and inflates the lungs
Expiration: Relaxation of the diaphragm relaxation of external intercostal muscles,
increasing intrathoracic pressure, air exits the airways, deflation and elastic recoil
of the lungs
1 respiration = inspiration, 1/3 of the respiratory cycle; and expiration, 2/3 of the
respiratory cycle - CORRECT ANSWER Ventilation
Adequate gas exchange depends upon balanced V/Q ratio
Imbalanced V/Q ration causes shunting of blood and results in hypoxia
, Supplemental oxygen may eliminate hypoxia - CORRECT ANSWER Ventilation-
Perfusion (V/Q ratio)
Vesicular: Soft, blowing, rustling
Bronchovesicular: Mid-chest, posterior between scapula
Bronchial: Louder than vesicular, over large airway - CORRECT ANSWER Breath
Sounds
Crackles: high-pitched, like rubbing hair together
Wheezes: high-pitched sounds from narrowed airways
Rhonchi: Sounds like snoring, low pitched; may clear with coughing; air through
tubes with fluid or mucous
Rales: Bubbling or rattling, when air opens in closed air spaces
Stridor: Wheeze like sound when person breathes due to blockage in upper airway
- CORRECT ANSWER Abnormal Breath Sounds
The volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath
Normal Value: 500 mL or 5-10 mL/kg
The tidal volume may not vary, even with severe disease. - CORRECT ANSWER
Tidal Volume
The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation
Normal Value: 3000 mL - CORRECT ANSWER Inspiratory Reserve (IRV)
The maximum volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after a normal exhalation
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026
Deliver oxygen to and expel carbon dioxide from the body, works in conjunction
with the circulatory system
Upper respiratory system warms and filters air
Lower respiratory system accomplishes gas exchange - CORRECT ANSWER Purpose
of the Respiratory System
Nose, sinuses and nasal passages, pharynx, tonsils and adenoids, larynx (epiglottis,
glottis, vocal cords, and cartilages), trachea - CORRECT ANSWER Structures of the
Upper Respiratory Tract
Determine lung function and breathing difficulties
Measure lung volumes and capacities, diffusion capacity, gas exchange, flow rates,
and airway resistance, along with distribution of ventilation
Helpful in identifying clients who have lung disease - CORRECT ANSWER
Pulmonary Function Tests
Reports the status of oxygenation and acid-base balance of the blood
Measures:
-pH: amount of free hydrogen ions in the arterial blood
-PaO2: partial pressure of oxygen
-PaCO2: partial pressure of carbon dioxide
-HCO3: concentration of bicarbonate in arterial blood
,-SaO2: percentage of oxygen bound to Hgb as compared with the total amount
that can be possibly carried
Can be obtained by an arterial puncture or through an arterial line - CORRECT
ANSWER Arterial Blood Gases
Two lungs: five lobes
-Left: upper and lower
-Right: upper, middle, lower
Pleura, mediastinum, bronchi and bronchioles, alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER Lower
Respiratory System Structures
Where gas exchange takes place (diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide)
Alveolar-capillary membrane
Types of alveolar cells
Surfactant - CORRECT ANSWER Alveoli
Oxygen crosses the alveolar-capillary membrane into arterial blood by diffusion,
perfusion carries oxygenated blood to all body tissues
Oxygen diffuses from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial
pressure
Oxygen is transported to the cells of the body by combining with hemoglobin, this
combining is called oxyhemoglobin, HgbO2 - CORRECT ANSWER Perfusion: Oxygen
Transport
Carbon dioxide is the end product of metabolic combustion
,Carbon dioxide crosses the alveolar-capillary membrane into venous blood by
diffusion, perfusion carries deoxygenated blood back to the lungs
Carbon dioxide diffuses more easily than oxygen across the alveolar-capillary
membrane - CORRECT ANSWER Perfusion: Carbon Dioxide Transport
Process of gas exchange between the atmospheric air and the blood between the
blood and cells of the body
Oxygen concentration in capillaries of the lungs is lower than in the alveoli
Due to this concentration gradient: oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood
Movement of air in and out of the airways continually replenishes the oxygen and
removes the carbon dioxide from the airways and lungs - CORRECT ANSWER
Respiration
Thoracic cavity is an airtight chamber
Diaphragm is the floor of this chamber
Inspiration: contraction of the diaphragm and contraction of external intercostal
muscles increases space in the thoracic chamber, lowering intrathoracic pressure;
air enters the airways and inflates the lungs
Expiration: Relaxation of the diaphragm relaxation of external intercostal muscles,
increasing intrathoracic pressure, air exits the airways, deflation and elastic recoil
of the lungs
1 respiration = inspiration, 1/3 of the respiratory cycle; and expiration, 2/3 of the
respiratory cycle - CORRECT ANSWER Ventilation
Adequate gas exchange depends upon balanced V/Q ratio
Imbalanced V/Q ration causes shunting of blood and results in hypoxia
, Supplemental oxygen may eliminate hypoxia - CORRECT ANSWER Ventilation-
Perfusion (V/Q ratio)
Vesicular: Soft, blowing, rustling
Bronchovesicular: Mid-chest, posterior between scapula
Bronchial: Louder than vesicular, over large airway - CORRECT ANSWER Breath
Sounds
Crackles: high-pitched, like rubbing hair together
Wheezes: high-pitched sounds from narrowed airways
Rhonchi: Sounds like snoring, low pitched; may clear with coughing; air through
tubes with fluid or mucous
Rales: Bubbling or rattling, when air opens in closed air spaces
Stridor: Wheeze like sound when person breathes due to blockage in upper airway
- CORRECT ANSWER Abnormal Breath Sounds
The volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath
Normal Value: 500 mL or 5-10 mL/kg
The tidal volume may not vary, even with severe disease. - CORRECT ANSWER
Tidal Volume
The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation
Normal Value: 3000 mL - CORRECT ANSWER Inspiratory Reserve (IRV)
The maximum volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after a normal exhalation
