NHI SAFETY INSPECTION OF IN-
SERVICE BRIDGES FINAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Clacking - ANSWER-the sound of delaminated concrete
Pinging - ANSWER-the sound of "sound" concrete
Where are shear key joints? - ANSWER-between pre-cast deck panels
Where can you find anchorage zones? - ANSWER-precast deck tie rods
flexure cracks are primarily what direction compared to the primary reinforcement? -
ANSWER-perpendicular
Main inspection area for FRP bridges? - ANSWER-Joints
Assembly joint without seal- sliding plate - ANSWER-two steel plates sliding on top
of one another with maximum movement of 4 inches
Compression joint seal - ANSWER-rectangle of neoprene with a honeycomb cross
section. Can handle movement of 2 inches
pourable joint seal - ANSWER-made of three materials (backing material, joint filler,
and a poured joint sealant) and can only accommodate movement of 1/4 inch. Used
on short spans
strip seal expansion joint - ANSWER-two slotted steel anchorages cast into a deck
or back wall. A neoprene seal fits into the grooves to span the joint. max movement
of 4 inches
Cellular joint seal - ANSWER-different than compression because of material used to
close joint. Made up of closed-cell foam that allows the joint to move in different
directions. Allows for both parallel and perpendicular joint movement
Assembly joint with seal- plank - ANSWER-steel reinforced neoprene that supports
vehicular loads over the joint and allow for movement up to 4 inches
Assembly joint with seal- sheet - ANSWER-two blocks of steel reinforced neoprene.
thin sheet of neoprene spans the joint and connects the two blocks. Allows for up to
4 inches
open expansion joint - ANSWER-gap between the bridge deck and the back wall of
the abutment or adjacent deck section. usually found on short span bridges, usually
unprotected
, Assembly joint without seal- finger plate - ANSWER-tooth plate joint, two steel plates
that have interlocking fingers. usually on longer spans. can accommodate movement
from 4 to 24 inches
drainage system - ANSWER-move water away from specific locations (to protect the
bridge)
grade and cross slope - ANSWER-directs the runoff to the inlets and helps eliminate
or reduce ponding
inlets - ANSWER-receives water
outlet pipes - ANSWER-leads water away from the drain
downspout pipes - ANSWER-directs deck drainage from outlet pipe
cleanout plugs - ANSWER-removable plug in piping system that allows access for
cleaning downspout pipes
drainage troughs - ANSWER-located under open joints to divert runoff away from
components
scupper - ANSWER-inlet on a bridge that receives water, with grate or perforated
cover to keep out large debris
Deck Drains - ANSWER-open holes or embedded tubes similar to scuppers
downspout - ANSWER-directs drainage to nearby storm drain
weep holes - ANSWER-small drainage holes found in abutment stems and retaining
walls which allow water to drain from behind abutment
underdrains - ANSWER-perforated pipes routed along back face of the abutment
and channeled to a nearby waterway or storm water drainage system
aerial obstruction lighting - ANSWER-used to alert aircraft that a hazard exists below
navigation lighting - ANSWER-used to safe control a waterway
warning signs - ANSWER-alert drivers of existing or potentially hazardous conditions
narrow underpass - ANSWER-indicates where the roadway narrow at an underpass
or when there is a pier in the middle of the roadway
traffic regulatory signs - ANSWER-instruct drivers to do/ not to do something (speed,
weight)
guide signs - ANSWER-contain information to help the driver reach their destination
safely
SERVICE BRIDGES FINAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Clacking - ANSWER-the sound of delaminated concrete
Pinging - ANSWER-the sound of "sound" concrete
Where are shear key joints? - ANSWER-between pre-cast deck panels
Where can you find anchorage zones? - ANSWER-precast deck tie rods
flexure cracks are primarily what direction compared to the primary reinforcement? -
ANSWER-perpendicular
Main inspection area for FRP bridges? - ANSWER-Joints
Assembly joint without seal- sliding plate - ANSWER-two steel plates sliding on top
of one another with maximum movement of 4 inches
Compression joint seal - ANSWER-rectangle of neoprene with a honeycomb cross
section. Can handle movement of 2 inches
pourable joint seal - ANSWER-made of three materials (backing material, joint filler,
and a poured joint sealant) and can only accommodate movement of 1/4 inch. Used
on short spans
strip seal expansion joint - ANSWER-two slotted steel anchorages cast into a deck
or back wall. A neoprene seal fits into the grooves to span the joint. max movement
of 4 inches
Cellular joint seal - ANSWER-different than compression because of material used to
close joint. Made up of closed-cell foam that allows the joint to move in different
directions. Allows for both parallel and perpendicular joint movement
Assembly joint with seal- plank - ANSWER-steel reinforced neoprene that supports
vehicular loads over the joint and allow for movement up to 4 inches
Assembly joint with seal- sheet - ANSWER-two blocks of steel reinforced neoprene.
thin sheet of neoprene spans the joint and connects the two blocks. Allows for up to
4 inches
open expansion joint - ANSWER-gap between the bridge deck and the back wall of
the abutment or adjacent deck section. usually found on short span bridges, usually
unprotected
, Assembly joint without seal- finger plate - ANSWER-tooth plate joint, two steel plates
that have interlocking fingers. usually on longer spans. can accommodate movement
from 4 to 24 inches
drainage system - ANSWER-move water away from specific locations (to protect the
bridge)
grade and cross slope - ANSWER-directs the runoff to the inlets and helps eliminate
or reduce ponding
inlets - ANSWER-receives water
outlet pipes - ANSWER-leads water away from the drain
downspout pipes - ANSWER-directs deck drainage from outlet pipe
cleanout plugs - ANSWER-removable plug in piping system that allows access for
cleaning downspout pipes
drainage troughs - ANSWER-located under open joints to divert runoff away from
components
scupper - ANSWER-inlet on a bridge that receives water, with grate or perforated
cover to keep out large debris
Deck Drains - ANSWER-open holes or embedded tubes similar to scuppers
downspout - ANSWER-directs drainage to nearby storm drain
weep holes - ANSWER-small drainage holes found in abutment stems and retaining
walls which allow water to drain from behind abutment
underdrains - ANSWER-perforated pipes routed along back face of the abutment
and channeled to a nearby waterway or storm water drainage system
aerial obstruction lighting - ANSWER-used to alert aircraft that a hazard exists below
navigation lighting - ANSWER-used to safe control a waterway
warning signs - ANSWER-alert drivers of existing or potentially hazardous conditions
narrow underpass - ANSWER-indicates where the roadway narrow at an underpass
or when there is a pier in the middle of the roadway
traffic regulatory signs - ANSWER-instruct drivers to do/ not to do something (speed,
weight)
guide signs - ANSWER-contain information to help the driver reach their destination
safely
