SAFETY INSPECTION OF IN-SERVICE BRIDGES: CHAPTER 11 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

SAFETY INSPECTION OF IN-
SERVICE BRIDGES: CHAPTER 11
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Elements of a Channel (List): - ANSWER-Channel
Streambed
Embankments
Stream FLow
Freeboard
Floodplain
Hydraulic Opening
Hydraulic Control Structures

Channel (definition): - ANSWER-The well-defined depression, which contains and
guides stream flow during normal flow conditions

Streambed (definition): - ANSWER-The bottom or floor of the Channel

Streamflow (definition): - ANSWER-The water, suspended particles, chemicals, and
any debris moving through the channel

Streamflow - ANSWER-________ is the water, suspended particles, chemicals, and
any debris moving through the channel.

Hydraulic Opening (definition): - ANSWER-The ________ is the entire area beneath
the bridge, which is available to pass flood flows.

Floodplain (definition): - ANSWER-The ________ is the overbank area outside the
channel that carries flood flows in excess of channel capacity.

Streambed (definition): - ANSWER-The "thalweg" elevation defines the lowest
elevation of the ________.

Freeboard (definition): - ANSWER-________ is the term used to describe the
distance from the bottom of the superstructure to the top of the water surface.

Riprap (definition): - ANSWER-Properly sized and graded rock that is either natural
or manmade, placed adjacent to abutments, piers, or along embankments.

Degradation (definition): - ANSWER-The gradual and even lowering of the
streambed elevation.

Contraction Scour (definition): - ANSWER-The lowering of the entire streambed
under the structure only