ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT FEMALE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Do all lymphatics drain into the axilla? - Answers - NO, malignant cells from a breast
cancer may spread directly into the infraclavicular nodes or the internal mammary chain.
The pectoral nodes drain into the ? - Answers - anterior chest wall and much of the
breast
The subscapular nodes drain into the? - Answers - posterior chest wall and portion of
the arm.
The lateral nodes along the upper humerus drain into the? - Answers - Arm
Lymph drains the the central axillary nodes to the? - Answers - infraclaviclar and
supraclavicular nodes.
What medications can be associated with breast pain? - Answers - - hormone
- SSRI's
- Haloperidol
- Spironolactone
- Digoxin
80 % of breast cancers occur after the age of? - Answers - 50 y/o
What are pertinent components to analyze in respect to family history and breast pain? -
Answers - - BRACA 1/ BRACA 2
- First degree family member with breast cancer
- history of breast cancer in a male
- Ashkenazi Jewish Ancestry
What is the most important risk factor for breast cancer? - Answers - Age
What are non-modifiable risk factors for breast cancer? - Answers - family history
genetic mutations
personal history (lobular carcinoma in situ)
breast tissue density (more dense the higher risk)
proliferative lesions
early menarche
laste menopause
espose to radiation
diethylstilbestrol
, What are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer? - Answers - breast feeding for less
than a year
postmenopausal obesity
use of HRT
cigarette smoking
alcohol ingestion
physical inactivity
contraception
What percentage of women with breast cancer with have no familial or reproductive risk
factors? - Answers - 50 %
What are male risk factors for breast cancer? - Answers - age (60-70 y/o)
african americans
BRAC1/BRAC2
Radiation exposure
klinefelter syndrome
testicular disorders
family history of male Breast Cancer
alcohol
cirrhosis
obesity
Describe the GAIL model - Answers - relative risk model~ no family history or first
degree relative
1. age at menarche
2.# of biopsies
3.Age at 1st live birth
4.# of first degree relatives with BC
** Annual mammograms
cons:
- does not determine risk for noninvasive breast cancer
- does not take into account paternal history
- does not include second degree relatives
Describe the Claus model for breast cancer risk - Answers - High risk women
incorporates family history of both women/male and 1st/2nd generation
including onset of age
cons:
- does not include personal, lifestyle, or reproductive risk factors
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Do all lymphatics drain into the axilla? - Answers - NO, malignant cells from a breast
cancer may spread directly into the infraclavicular nodes or the internal mammary chain.
The pectoral nodes drain into the ? - Answers - anterior chest wall and much of the
breast
The subscapular nodes drain into the? - Answers - posterior chest wall and portion of
the arm.
The lateral nodes along the upper humerus drain into the? - Answers - Arm
Lymph drains the the central axillary nodes to the? - Answers - infraclaviclar and
supraclavicular nodes.
What medications can be associated with breast pain? - Answers - - hormone
- SSRI's
- Haloperidol
- Spironolactone
- Digoxin
80 % of breast cancers occur after the age of? - Answers - 50 y/o
What are pertinent components to analyze in respect to family history and breast pain? -
Answers - - BRACA 1/ BRACA 2
- First degree family member with breast cancer
- history of breast cancer in a male
- Ashkenazi Jewish Ancestry
What is the most important risk factor for breast cancer? - Answers - Age
What are non-modifiable risk factors for breast cancer? - Answers - family history
genetic mutations
personal history (lobular carcinoma in situ)
breast tissue density (more dense the higher risk)
proliferative lesions
early menarche
laste menopause
espose to radiation
diethylstilbestrol
, What are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer? - Answers - breast feeding for less
than a year
postmenopausal obesity
use of HRT
cigarette smoking
alcohol ingestion
physical inactivity
contraception
What percentage of women with breast cancer with have no familial or reproductive risk
factors? - Answers - 50 %
What are male risk factors for breast cancer? - Answers - age (60-70 y/o)
african americans
BRAC1/BRAC2
Radiation exposure
klinefelter syndrome
testicular disorders
family history of male Breast Cancer
alcohol
cirrhosis
obesity
Describe the GAIL model - Answers - relative risk model~ no family history or first
degree relative
1. age at menarche
2.# of biopsies
3.Age at 1st live birth
4.# of first degree relatives with BC
** Annual mammograms
cons:
- does not determine risk for noninvasive breast cancer
- does not take into account paternal history
- does not include second degree relatives
Describe the Claus model for breast cancer risk - Answers - High risk women
incorporates family history of both women/male and 1st/2nd generation
including onset of age
cons:
- does not include personal, lifestyle, or reproductive risk factors
