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DIT 121 Exam 2 not by me Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Metabolsim
Ans: Metabolism is the sum total of all the chemical reactions that go on in living
cells. They include all reactions by which the body obtains and expends the energy
from food.
• Metabolism: energy nutrients broken down further into energy (ATP), water and
carbon dioxide.
Anabolism
Ans: Anabolism are the reactions in which small molecules are put together to build
larger ones. Anabolic reactions require energy.
Catabolism
Ans: Catabolism are reactions in which large molecules are broken down into
smaller ones. Catabolic reactions release energy.
ATP
Ans: ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is a common high-energy compound composed
of a purine (adenine) a sugar(ribose), and 3 phosphate groups.
ADP
Ans: ADP (Adenosine diphosphate) is an important organic compound in metabolism
and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells.
What are the unique chemical structures of triglycerides & proteins?
Ans: -Triglycerides are the chief form of fat in the diet and the major storage form
of fat in the body composed of a molecule of glycerol with 3 fatty acids attached.
-A protein molecule is made from a long chain of amino acids that are linked though
a peptide bond. Proteins are known as polypeptides.
4. What form of energy is used in early (first 24 hrs) vs. late fasting?
Ans: Fasting—Inadequate Energy
• Brains wants glucose/glycogen
• First 24 hr ~ glycogen
• 24-48 hrs ~ glucose depleted; protein 90%/ fat 10%
> 48 hrs ~ 90% fat; 10% protein
, 2 Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
Explain ketosis and its impact on the body. How is it reversed?
Ans: Ketosis is and undesirably high concentration of ketone bodies in the blood
and urine. Ketosis results from an inadequate amount of carbohydrates providing
glucose to the brain. Fats will then form ketone bodies. They shift to the blood and
cause ketosis. Ketosis disrupts the body's normal acid-base balance. To prevent
ketosis the body needs at least 50-100 grams of carbs a day.
How is excess energy stored in the body?
Ans: -All energy-yielding nutrients consumed in excess can contribute to fat storage.
When energy intake exceeds energy output, there is a gain in weight.
• Excess energy can come from protein, fat or carbohydrate.
• Fat is the most efficient in being stored as fat.
Approximately how many kcalories are in a pound of adipose?
Ans: There are about 3500 kcalories in 1 lb of adipose.
What is the optimal rate of weight loss? Calculate a weekly weight loss or weight
gain.
Ans: Safe weight for weight loss is ½ to 2 lbs. per week. And for weight gain is 750
to 800 extra kcalories to gain a pound a week.
What end products of digestion, when metabolized, yield glucose?
Ans: Carbohydrates yield glucose.
Define complete and incomplete proteins. Give examples.
Ans: - A complete protein is a source of protein that contains 9 essential nutrients.
Complete proteins include most animal foods and few grains like : soy, amaranth,
and quinoa.
- Incomplete proteins lack 1 or more amino acids. They include plant based foods
and gelatin.
What two primary criteria are used to determine protein quality (PDCAA)?
Ans: -Amino acid composition and Protein digestibility.
What food is rated as the highest quality protein?
Ans: he highest quality foods that contain protein would be any type of animal
meat, poultry, eggs, seafood, milk.
What is the Dietary Guideline recommendation for alcohol consumption?
Ans: - The recommendation is 1 drink for women and 2 drinks for men in 1 day.
Name the primary function of fat and protein.
Ans: - The main function of fat is the energy it provides for us.
DIT 121 Exam 2 not by me Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Metabolsim
Ans: Metabolism is the sum total of all the chemical reactions that go on in living
cells. They include all reactions by which the body obtains and expends the energy
from food.
• Metabolism: energy nutrients broken down further into energy (ATP), water and
carbon dioxide.
Anabolism
Ans: Anabolism are the reactions in which small molecules are put together to build
larger ones. Anabolic reactions require energy.
Catabolism
Ans: Catabolism are reactions in which large molecules are broken down into
smaller ones. Catabolic reactions release energy.
ATP
Ans: ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is a common high-energy compound composed
of a purine (adenine) a sugar(ribose), and 3 phosphate groups.
ADP
Ans: ADP (Adenosine diphosphate) is an important organic compound in metabolism
and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells.
What are the unique chemical structures of triglycerides & proteins?
Ans: -Triglycerides are the chief form of fat in the diet and the major storage form
of fat in the body composed of a molecule of glycerol with 3 fatty acids attached.
-A protein molecule is made from a long chain of amino acids that are linked though
a peptide bond. Proteins are known as polypeptides.
4. What form of energy is used in early (first 24 hrs) vs. late fasting?
Ans: Fasting—Inadequate Energy
• Brains wants glucose/glycogen
• First 24 hr ~ glycogen
• 24-48 hrs ~ glucose depleted; protein 90%/ fat 10%
> 48 hrs ~ 90% fat; 10% protein
, 2 Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
Explain ketosis and its impact on the body. How is it reversed?
Ans: Ketosis is and undesirably high concentration of ketone bodies in the blood
and urine. Ketosis results from an inadequate amount of carbohydrates providing
glucose to the brain. Fats will then form ketone bodies. They shift to the blood and
cause ketosis. Ketosis disrupts the body's normal acid-base balance. To prevent
ketosis the body needs at least 50-100 grams of carbs a day.
How is excess energy stored in the body?
Ans: -All energy-yielding nutrients consumed in excess can contribute to fat storage.
When energy intake exceeds energy output, there is a gain in weight.
• Excess energy can come from protein, fat or carbohydrate.
• Fat is the most efficient in being stored as fat.
Approximately how many kcalories are in a pound of adipose?
Ans: There are about 3500 kcalories in 1 lb of adipose.
What is the optimal rate of weight loss? Calculate a weekly weight loss or weight
gain.
Ans: Safe weight for weight loss is ½ to 2 lbs. per week. And for weight gain is 750
to 800 extra kcalories to gain a pound a week.
What end products of digestion, when metabolized, yield glucose?
Ans: Carbohydrates yield glucose.
Define complete and incomplete proteins. Give examples.
Ans: - A complete protein is a source of protein that contains 9 essential nutrients.
Complete proteins include most animal foods and few grains like : soy, amaranth,
and quinoa.
- Incomplete proteins lack 1 or more amino acids. They include plant based foods
and gelatin.
What two primary criteria are used to determine protein quality (PDCAA)?
Ans: -Amino acid composition and Protein digestibility.
What food is rated as the highest quality protein?
Ans: he highest quality foods that contain protein would be any type of animal
meat, poultry, eggs, seafood, milk.
What is the Dietary Guideline recommendation for alcohol consumption?
Ans: - The recommendation is 1 drink for women and 2 drinks for men in 1 day.
Name the primary function of fat and protein.
Ans: - The main function of fat is the energy it provides for us.
