Pharm Lilley Chapter 2 Terms 100% Correct
additive effects ÇÇdrug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more
drugs with similar actions is equivalent to the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs
given alone
adverse drug event ÇÇany undesirable occurrence related to administering or failing to
administer a prescribed medication
adverse drug reaction ÇÇany unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive response to
a medication given at therapeutic dosages (as opposed to overdose)
adverse effects ÇÇa general term for any undesirable effects that are a direct response to
one or more drugs
agonist ÇÇa drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the
body
antagonist ÇÇa drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors in the
body
aka inhibitors
, antagonistic effects ÇÇdrug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or
more drugs is LESS than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone (1 + 1 =
less than 2)
bioavailability ÇÇa measure of the extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route
(from 0% to 100%)
biotransformation ÇÇone or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug; occurs
mainly in the liver and produces a metabolite that is either inactive or active
aka metabolism
blood-brain barrier ÇÇbarrier system that restricts the passage of various chemicals and
microscopic entities between the bloodstream and the central nervous system
allows for passage of essential substances
chemical name ÇÇthe name that describes the chemical composition and molecular
structure of a drug
contraindication ÇÇany condition, especially one related to a disease state or patient
characteristic, including current or recent drug therapy, which renders a particular form of
treatment improper or undesirable
cytochrome p-450 ÇÇthe general name for a large class of enzymes that plays a significant
role in drug metabolism and interaction
additive effects ÇÇdrug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more
drugs with similar actions is equivalent to the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs
given alone
adverse drug event ÇÇany undesirable occurrence related to administering or failing to
administer a prescribed medication
adverse drug reaction ÇÇany unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive response to
a medication given at therapeutic dosages (as opposed to overdose)
adverse effects ÇÇa general term for any undesirable effects that are a direct response to
one or more drugs
agonist ÇÇa drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the
body
antagonist ÇÇa drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors in the
body
aka inhibitors
, antagonistic effects ÇÇdrug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or
more drugs is LESS than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone (1 + 1 =
less than 2)
bioavailability ÇÇa measure of the extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route
(from 0% to 100%)
biotransformation ÇÇone or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug; occurs
mainly in the liver and produces a metabolite that is either inactive or active
aka metabolism
blood-brain barrier ÇÇbarrier system that restricts the passage of various chemicals and
microscopic entities between the bloodstream and the central nervous system
allows for passage of essential substances
chemical name ÇÇthe name that describes the chemical composition and molecular
structure of a drug
contraindication ÇÇany condition, especially one related to a disease state or patient
characteristic, including current or recent drug therapy, which renders a particular form of
treatment improper or undesirable
cytochrome p-450 ÇÇthe general name for a large class of enzymes that plays a significant
role in drug metabolism and interaction
