Mental Health HESI FORTIS
2026 Exam All Answers and
Illustrations Given
Milieu therapy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.The planned use of people, resources,
and activities in the environment to assist in improving interpersonal skills,
social functioning, and performing ADLS, as well as safety and protection.
2. focus is here and now. 3. Uses limit setting. 4. Client makes decisions
about their care. 5. Support group sharing, cooperation, and compromise.
6. Support client privacy and autonomy and provide clear expectations.
,Behavior modification - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Changes ineffective behavior
patterns; it focuses on the consequences of actions rather than on peer
pressure. 2. Positive reinforcement strengthens desired behavior. 3.
Negative reinforcement decreases/eliminated inappropriate behavior. 4.
Role modeling and teaching
Family therapy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Entire family is the client. 2. Family as a
system of interrelated parts forming a whole. 3. Focus on patterns of
interaction within the family, not on individual. 4. Therapist assists the
family in identifying the roles assigned to each member based on family
rules. 5. Life scripts and self-fulfilling prophecies are identified. 6.
Congruent and incongruent communication patterns and behaviors are
identified. 7. Goal to decrease family conflict and anxiety and to develop
appropriate role relationship.
Crisis Intervention - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Directed at the resolution of an
immediate crisis, which the individual is unable to handle alone. 2. Crisis
may develop when previously learned coping mechanisms are ineffective in
dealing w/ current problem. 3. In state of disequilibrium. 4. If in panic state
as a result of disorganization be very directive. 5. Focus on problem, not
cause. 6. Identify support systems. 7. Identify fast coping patterns from
,other stressful situations. 8. Goal to return to pre-crisis level of functioning.
9. Intervention limited to 6 weeks.
Cognitive therapy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Directed at replacing a client's
irrational beliefs and distorted attitudes. 2. Is focused, problem-solving
therapy. 3. Therapist and client work together to identify and solve
problems and overcome difficulties. 4. Short-term therapy of 2-3 months
duration. 5. Involves cognitive restructuring.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Involves the use of
electrically induced seizures for psychiatric purposes. It is used with
severely depressed clients who fail to respond to antidepressant meds and
therapy. May be used with extremely suicidal clients because 2 weeks are
needed for antidepressants to take effect.
Nursing care prior to ECT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Prepare client by teaching
what treatment involves. 2. Avoid using word "shock." 3. Anticholinergic
(atropine sulfate) usually given 30 min before treatment to dry oral
secretions. 4. Quick-acting muscle relaxant (succinylcholine [Anectine]) or
general anesthetic is given before to precent bone or muscle damage. 5.
Have an emergency cart, suction equipment, and O2 available in the room.
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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, Nursing care after ECT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Maintain patent airway. 2.
Check vitals every 15 min until client is alert. 3. Reorient client after ECT. 4.
Headache, Muscle soreness, Nausea, Retrograde amnesia
Group intervention - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Process is used with 2 or more
clients.
Types of groups - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Closed (set group) or open (new
members can join). 2. Small or large (>10 members). 3. Psychoeducation,
supportive therapy, psychotherapy, self-help. 4. Common nurse-led
intervention groups include those that focus on meds, symptoms
management, anger management, and self-care
Initial (Orientation) phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔High anxiety, superficial
interactions, testing the therapist to see if he or she can be trusted.
Middle (Working) phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Problem identification, beginning
of problem-solving, beginning of the group sense of "we"
Termination phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Evaluation of experience, expression
of feelings ranging from anger to joy
2026 Exam All Answers and
Illustrations Given
Milieu therapy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.The planned use of people, resources,
and activities in the environment to assist in improving interpersonal skills,
social functioning, and performing ADLS, as well as safety and protection.
2. focus is here and now. 3. Uses limit setting. 4. Client makes decisions
about their care. 5. Support group sharing, cooperation, and compromise.
6. Support client privacy and autonomy and provide clear expectations.
,Behavior modification - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Changes ineffective behavior
patterns; it focuses on the consequences of actions rather than on peer
pressure. 2. Positive reinforcement strengthens desired behavior. 3.
Negative reinforcement decreases/eliminated inappropriate behavior. 4.
Role modeling and teaching
Family therapy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Entire family is the client. 2. Family as a
system of interrelated parts forming a whole. 3. Focus on patterns of
interaction within the family, not on individual. 4. Therapist assists the
family in identifying the roles assigned to each member based on family
rules. 5. Life scripts and self-fulfilling prophecies are identified. 6.
Congruent and incongruent communication patterns and behaviors are
identified. 7. Goal to decrease family conflict and anxiety and to develop
appropriate role relationship.
Crisis Intervention - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Directed at the resolution of an
immediate crisis, which the individual is unable to handle alone. 2. Crisis
may develop when previously learned coping mechanisms are ineffective in
dealing w/ current problem. 3. In state of disequilibrium. 4. If in panic state
as a result of disorganization be very directive. 5. Focus on problem, not
cause. 6. Identify support systems. 7. Identify fast coping patterns from
,other stressful situations. 8. Goal to return to pre-crisis level of functioning.
9. Intervention limited to 6 weeks.
Cognitive therapy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Directed at replacing a client's
irrational beliefs and distorted attitudes. 2. Is focused, problem-solving
therapy. 3. Therapist and client work together to identify and solve
problems and overcome difficulties. 4. Short-term therapy of 2-3 months
duration. 5. Involves cognitive restructuring.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Involves the use of
electrically induced seizures for psychiatric purposes. It is used with
severely depressed clients who fail to respond to antidepressant meds and
therapy. May be used with extremely suicidal clients because 2 weeks are
needed for antidepressants to take effect.
Nursing care prior to ECT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Prepare client by teaching
what treatment involves. 2. Avoid using word "shock." 3. Anticholinergic
(atropine sulfate) usually given 30 min before treatment to dry oral
secretions. 4. Quick-acting muscle relaxant (succinylcholine [Anectine]) or
general anesthetic is given before to precent bone or muscle damage. 5.
Have an emergency cart, suction equipment, and O2 available in the room.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, Nursing care after ECT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Maintain patent airway. 2.
Check vitals every 15 min until client is alert. 3. Reorient client after ECT. 4.
Headache, Muscle soreness, Nausea, Retrograde amnesia
Group intervention - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Process is used with 2 or more
clients.
Types of groups - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Closed (set group) or open (new
members can join). 2. Small or large (>10 members). 3. Psychoeducation,
supportive therapy, psychotherapy, self-help. 4. Common nurse-led
intervention groups include those that focus on meds, symptoms
management, anger management, and self-care
Initial (Orientation) phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔High anxiety, superficial
interactions, testing the therapist to see if he or she can be trusted.
Middle (Working) phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Problem identification, beginning
of problem-solving, beginning of the group sense of "we"
Termination phase - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Evaluation of experience, expression
of feelings ranging from anger to joy
